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ChinaChinaFrom the First Emperor to CommunismFrom the First Emperor to Communism
China BasicsChina Basics China is the 4China is the 4thth largest country on the planet largest country on the planet
Home to 1.3 billion peopleHome to 1.3 billion people Largest population earthLargest population earth
Oldest civilization on earthOldest civilization on earth The third oldest countryThe third oldest country
Made many major accomplishmentsMade many major accomplishments Paper makingPaper making Primitive printing pressPrimitive printing press Gunpowder and other weapons like the crossbowGunpowder and other weapons like the crossbow The compassThe compass The noodleThe noodle
The First Emperor of ChinaThe First Emperor of China Qin Shi Huangdi was responsible for setting the Qin Shi Huangdi was responsible for setting the
stage for the modern country of Chinastage for the modern country of China Unified ChinaUnified China
7 warring states turned into 1 “peaceful” country7 warring states turned into 1 “peaceful” country Established LegalismEstablished Legalism Developed a common languageDeveloped a common language Built the majority of the Great Wall of ChinaBuilt the majority of the Great Wall of China
Needed to protect the northern border of the countryNeeded to protect the northern border of the country Built an elaborate tombBuilt an elaborate tomb Built the terra cotta warriorsBuilt the terra cotta warriors
The First Emperor of ChinaThe First Emperor of China Responsible for using the government style called Responsible for using the government style called
““LegalismLegalism”” The leader is very strong and very strictThe leader is very strong and very strict
Mandate of HeavenMandate of Heaven Government controls every element of people’s livesGovernment controls every element of people’s lives
How you live, what you do, how you think, etcHow you live, what you do, how you think, etc The people must be loyal and obedientThe people must be loyal and obedient
Those that don’t conform to this way are gotten rid ofThose that don’t conform to this way are gotten rid of Putin a labor or reeducation camp, or sentenced to deathPutin a labor or reeducation camp, or sentenced to death
The Dynasties of ChinaThe Dynasties of China After the First Emperor died his ideas were After the First Emperor died his ideas were
continued by future emperors and “dynasties”continued by future emperors and “dynasties” Ruling familiesRuling families Continued for 2,000 yearsContinued for 2,000 years
From 200 BC to 1911From 200 BC to 1911
Today we call Legalism a “Today we call Legalism a “Totalitarian Totalitarian DictatorshipDictatorship”” The Chinese government claims that their country is The Chinese government claims that their country is
not a dictatorship… they are communistsnot a dictatorship… they are communists So… what is communism?So… what is communism?
The Idea of CommunismThe Idea of Communism Communism is an economic system, not a Communism is an economic system, not a
form of government!!form of government!! Why do we think of it as a government?Why do we think of it as a government?
Many dictatorships use communism for their Many dictatorships use communism for their economyeconomy
Cuba and Fidel CastroCuba and Fidel Castro Russia and Joseph StalinRussia and Joseph Stalin North Korea and Kim Jong IlNorth Korea and Kim Jong Il China and Hu JintaoChina and Hu Jintao
The Idea of CommunismThe Idea of Communism Karl Marx created the idea of communismKarl Marx created the idea of communism
Believes the “Believes the “ProletariatProletariat” would rise up against the ” would rise up against the wealthy dictators or emperors of a countrywealthy dictators or emperors of a country
The average and poor working peopleThe average and poor working people Believes proletariat would take power and create a Believes proletariat would take power and create a
country where country where everyoneeveryone is is equal in terms of wealthequal in terms of wealth Redistribute the wealth of a countryRedistribute the wealth of a country
Take from the rich and divide it evenly among everyoneTake from the rich and divide it evenly among everyone
BUT… the unfortunate reality is that equality for all BUT… the unfortunate reality is that equality for all cannot happen cannot happen completelycompletely
Every country must have leadersEvery country must have leaders More wealth and power than everyone elseMore wealth and power than everyone else
The Last Dynasty is OverthrownThe Last Dynasty is Overthrown In 1911 the last Chinese Emperor is overthrownIn 1911 the last Chinese Emperor is overthrown
Overthrow by the Kuomintang or Nationalist PartyOverthrow by the Kuomintang or Nationalist Party A democracy is establishedA democracy is established
Dr. Sun Yatsen becomes first president of ChinaDr. Sun Yatsen becomes first president of China Dies after 14 years in chargeDies after 14 years in charge
Replaced by Chiang Kai- shekReplaced by Chiang Kai- shek Promised to continue democracy and rights for all Promised to continue democracy and rights for all
Chinese people, but he never followed throughChinese people, but he never followed through The proletariat become very upset and move to revoltThe proletariat become very upset and move to revolt
Mao Zedong is the leader of the upset ProletariatMao Zedong is the leader of the upset Proletariat
Mao ZedongMao Zedong Teacher who studied the ideas of Karl MarxTeacher who studied the ideas of Karl Marx
Believed strongly in communismBelieved strongly in communism Believed a proletariat revolution was possibleBelieved a proletariat revolution was possible
Mao went to the countrysideMao went to the countryside Promote communism and revolution among the Promote communism and revolution among the
average peopleaverage people A violent civil war began between the A violent civil war began between the
Communists and NationalistsCommunists and Nationalists Mao Zedong versus Chiang Kai- shekMao Zedong versus Chiang Kai- shek Most communists were killedMost communists were killed
Mao and the remaining communists were forced to head Mao and the remaining communists were forced to head 6,000 miles to northwestern China6,000 miles to northwestern China
Called the “Long March”Called the “Long March”
China During WW IIChina During WW II Japan invaded ChinaJapan invaded China
Nationalists and Communists reluctantly set aside Nationalists and Communists reluctantly set aside their differences in order to fight Japantheir differences in order to fight Japan
More people started to look to Mao for leadershipMore people started to look to Mao for leadership Communism gains major support by the peopleCommunism gains major support by the people
After the war Mao and the communists gain all After the war Mao and the communists gain all political power in Chinapolitical power in China The people believe this is a major victory for ChinaThe people believe this is a major victory for China
Communism in ChinaCommunism in China Mao ZedongMao Zedong
Leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)Leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) First communist leader in ChinaFirst communist leader in China
Came to power in China after WWII in 1949Came to power in China after WWII in 1949 Blended the unique ideas of Karl Marx and the Blended the unique ideas of Karl Marx and the
First EmperorFirst Emperor China became a country where the people are China became a country where the people are equalequal, ,
but there is also a but there is also a dictatordictator Marx’s idea of equality for the peopleMarx’s idea of equality for the people Qin Shi Huangdi’s idea that there is a dictator with total Qin Shi Huangdi’s idea that there is a dictator with total
control over the people’s livescontrol over the people’s lives
How Mao’s Communism workedHow Mao’s Communism worked Fear and violence was used in the beginningFear and violence was used in the beginning
Scare people into following youScare people into following you Just like the First EmperorJust like the First Emperor
““PropagandaPropaganda”” Make people believe everyone is happy and equalMake people believe everyone is happy and equal
Government controls the TV., radio, newspaper, books, Government controls the TV., radio, newspaper, books, schools, etc.schools, etc. Government claims they “Government claims they “Serve the peopleServe the people””
Just like the First EmperorJust like the First Emperor
Stressed loyalty and service to ChinaStressed loyalty and service to China ““You” as a person do not matter, but “we” as China doYou” as a person do not matter, but “we” as China do
The group (China) is more important than the individualThe group (China) is more important than the individual
How Mao’s Communism workedHow Mao’s Communism worked Propaganda ContinuedPropaganda Continued
Hero of the Day PostersHero of the Day Posters Average workers or children who do something for the Average workers or children who do something for the
country are rewarded by having a poster of them put up in country are rewarded by having a poster of them put up in their villagetheir village People feel good about what they are doing for ChinaPeople feel good about what they are doing for China
Makes people believe the government is good and that they Makes people believe the government is good and that they care for the peoplecare for the people
Mao’s “Little Red Book”Mao’s “Little Red Book” The ultimate propaganda device used by MaoThe ultimate propaganda device used by Mao Famous quotations and rules written by Famous quotations and rules written by
Chairman MaoChairman Mao Every day certain passages were readEvery day certain passages were read
Before work or schoolBefore work or school After several generations, people believed Mao knew After several generations, people believed Mao knew
everything and that he really cared about themeverything and that he really cared about them Mao now controlled the most important thing… What Mao now controlled the most important thing… What
people thoughtpeople thought First Emperor did this by burning all writingsFirst Emperor did this by burning all writings
Communism and the PeopleCommunism and the People Everyone is “equal”Everyone is “equal”
No social classesNo social classes No private propertyNo private property Equal access to things like Education, Healthcare, Equal access to things like Education, Healthcare,
Housing, and JobsHousing, and Jobs No personal rewards to work hardNo personal rewards to work hard Everyone is paid the same no matter what they doEveryone is paid the same no matter what they do
One- child- per- family policyOne- child- per- family policy Government says you can only have one childGovernment says you can only have one child
Why does the government do this?Why does the government do this? Population control- Limits what they need to give the peoplePopulation control- Limits what they need to give the people
What if you do have more than one child?What if you do have more than one child? Three optionsThree options
AbortionAbortion Started by government at the beginning of policyStarted by government at the beginning of policy
Pay a fine for each child over onePay a fine for each child over one Very Expensive and very few people can do thisVery Expensive and very few people can do this
AdoptionAdoption Most popular methodMost popular method Daughters are usually given upDaughters are usually given up