Chinese Exclusion and the Photographic Arts

of Contact and Evasion

Anna Pegler-GordonMichigan State University

Certificate for Chinese Subject of Exempt Class (Section 6 certificate), Kong Kee, 1905, In re: Kong Kee, File 14610-176, Entry 132, INS, RG 85, NARA—Washington, D.C.

Certificate of Identity, Dong Hong, 1914, In re: Dong Hong, File 14559, Chinese and Hawaiian Certificates of Identity, 1908-1943, Office of the Commissioner of Immigration, Washington, D.C., INS, RG 85, NARA—Pacific Region (SF).

Rosa (de Martinez) Luna, Border Crossing Card A3406 R68, RG 85 (INS), NARA—Washington, D.C.

American Consulate General (Canton) Certificate, Leong Shee and minor children, 1927, In re: Fong Yun (also spelled Kwong Yung), December 20, 1927, File 23852/2-15, IACF.

Two Certificates of Identity issued to Chin Tom, 1922, In re: Chin Tom, File 55027, Chinese and Hawaiian Certificates of Identity, 1908-1943, Office of the Commissioner of Immigration, Washington, D.C., INS, RG 85, NARA—Pacific Region (San Francisco).

Affidavit of James Don in support of native-born U.S. citizen, Lee Gum Yoke, 1904, In re: Lee Gum Yoke, File 10061/28, Immigration Arrival Case Files, 1884-1944, San Francisco District Office, RG 85 (INS), NARA—Pacific Region (San Francisco).

Affidavit of Low Shee in support of merchant’s son, Young Fui, 1905, In re: Young Fui (also spelled Young Fou), June 19, 1905, File 10059/52, Immigration Arrival Case Files, 1884-1944, San Francisco District Office, RG 85 (INS), NARA—Pacific Region (San Francisco).

W.F. Song, San Francisco, Untitled (“Formal Portrait of Chinese Woman”), ante 1930, FN-19253, SF—Social Groups, Chinese (Ante 1930), California Historical Society, San Francisco.

Shreve’s Pioneer Gallery, San Francisco, Untitled (“A Chinese Lady in the ‘Nineties”) c. 1890, 1905.5278.75—PIC, Bancroft Library.

“Coolie disguised as a Mexican Peon to be Smuggled into the United States,” in Broughton Brandenburg, “The Stranger within the Gate,” Harper’s Weekly 49 (August 5, 1905).

Daguerre Photo Studio, Mexico City, Mexico, “Exhibit J,” in Marcus Braun, Braun Report, First Detail to Mexico (February 1907), File 52320/1, INS, RG 85, NARA—Washington, D.C.