24

R. John AndrewsHibernia

St John’s

Gary BeckBP

Kees Castelijns

Andy Chen

Myrt E. Cribbs

Bellaire

Finn H. FadnesJamie Irvine-FortescueStephen WilliamsNorsk Hydro

Mohamed Hashem

A. (Jamal) Jamaluddin

Andrew KurkjianBill Sass

Sugar Land

Oliver C. MullinsRidgefield

Erik RylanderBelle Chase

Alexandra Van Dusen

GOR

[1]

Sugar Land µƒVictor Bolze ReinhartCiglenec Hani Elshahawi Troy Fields Gus MelbourneJulian Pop Rod Siebert

Peter Kelley FuchinobeToru Terabayashi

AIT CHDT CMR FFA

LFA MDTOCM

OFA Platform Express TLCRCI

RCT

1. Joshi NB Mullins OC Jamaluddin A Creek JMcFadden J Asphaltene Precipitation from LiveCrude Oil 15 4 2001

979 986

LFA

252001

PVT

H2SCO2

MDT>

26

MDT

10%

MDTRCI

RDT

[2]

MDT

21993 MDT

OFA

OCM

DST

OFA

OCM

LFA

>

>

272001

MDT

OD

LFA

LFA

LFA OFA

MRSC

6 22,712cm3

PVT

MRMS 6MPSRDOT

450cm3 0.12MPSR 418cm3 0.11

PVTMRMS

OilphaseSPMC

MDT

2. MDTCrombie A Halford F

Hashem M McNeil R Thomas EC Melbourne GMullins OC Innovations in Wireline Fluid SamplingOilfield Review 10 3 199826 41

Bardy R Fincher D Mullins O Schroeder B SmitsT Downhole Optical Analysis of Formation FluidsOilfield Review 6 4 1994 1 2128

t1

OD

t1 t2 t3

t2

t3

1

>

>

28

MDTSPMC

2 1%

MDT

[3]

1445 1930nm

1725nm

OFA 8CH2

CH2

API500nm

1725nm 2300 2500nmMDT

nm

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0500 1000 1500 25002000

>

292001

MDT OFA 10 0 96 9

8 CH2 OFA 0’ 0

MDT LFA

[4]

OFA 0

CH2

CH2 Beer-LambertLFA

3. Mullins OC Optical Interrogation of AromaticMoieties in Crude Oils and Asphaltenes MullinsOC Sheu EY Structures and Dynamics ofAsphaltenes Plenum

1998

4.

OD

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0nm

n-

00

500 1000nm

1500 2000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0’ 8 9

1

2

3

4

C HHH

H

H-C-H

CH

HCH

HCH

H

>

>

30

0.40

0.36

0.32

0.28

0.24

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

OD

4

4 6

MDT

[5]

OFA

2mm10

1725 nm

MDT

MDT

4 6OCM

>

>

31

100% 100%

OD1

OD2

OD3

OD4

OD5

OD1

00 100

0

OD2

OD3

OD4

OD5

OD

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0500 2000 25001000 1500

OFA

12345

695 (12 )940 (16 )1264 (21 )1681 (28 )2250 (37 )

17%13%12%

9%8%

22%17%13%11%10%

0 1.0

3.0

2.6

2.2

1.8

1.410

20

30

40

50

OCM

OD

2001

5 OCM OFAOCM

Beer-Lambert Beer-Lambert

OD OD5

[6]

Beer-Lambert Beer-Lambert

MDT

[7]

OCM

MDT 5OCM

[8]

>

>

5. Badry 2

6. Mullins OC Schroer J Beck GF Real timeQuantification of OBM Filtrate Contamination DuringOpenhole Wireline Sampling by Optical Spectroscopy

41 SPWLA2000 6 4-7 SS

7. Hashem MN Thomas EC McNeil RI Mullins Determination of Producible Hydrocarbon Type and Oil

Quality in Wells Drilled With Synthetic Oil-Based

Muds SPE 2 2 19994 125 133

8. Mullins OC Schroer J Real time Determinationof Filtrate Contamination During Openhole WirelineSampling by Optical Spectroscopy SPE 63071 SPE

2000 10 1 4

32

100

90

80

70

60

50

%

40

30

20

10

00.00

0.25

0

5

4

3

2

1

0.50

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

0.75

1.00

1.25

1.50

1.75

2.00

8

9

7

65

43

21

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

1.00 0.21

0.22

0.23

0.24

0.25

0.26

500 1000 1500 2000 3500 3000 3500

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.20

1.25LFA

OD

MDT OD

OD

OFA

OFA LFA

ODOCM

20

MDT

87mD/cp 71OCM 4.5

10%

44[13 ]

256mD/cp 1329%

PVT

LFAOCM

4.9%6.2% 5.5% 4.3%

MDT 1 OCM18% OCM 4.510% 0 9 OD

4 OD4 6

OCM

>

>

33

%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0

1

2

3

4

5

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

7

9

8

65

43

21

7500

2000

1000

0

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 35000.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

2001

OCM

OCMLFA OCM

OCM

OCM OCM

700 scf/bbl [126m3/m3][9]

LFA

OCM

OCM

LFA OCM

OFA LFA

1000 1500

2500OCM7.9% 6.0% 7%

9%OD OCM

4 6OD

9. Mullins O Beck GF Cribbs M Terabayashi TKegasawa K Downhole Determination of GOR onSingle-Phase Fluids by Optical Spectroscopy 42

SPWLA2001 6 17 20 M

>

>

34

1 2

C2 C4 C6 C8 C10 C12 C14 C16 C18 C20 C22 C24 C26 C28 C30+

13.1%

0.1

1.0

10.0

100.0

%

GCGPC

NMR

GPC

GPC

FFA GPC

C8[10]

C16 C18 12 1 C16 C18

1 2

GC GPCC14 C18

C8 C20 GPC

[11]

13C 12C

Hebron

[12,13]

HebronOFA 5

OCMFFA GPC

LFA-OCMHebron

LFA OFAFFA

FFA

FFA

OCM

LFA-OCM

>

35

5c

5b

5a

4b

4a

3c

3b

3a

2b

2a

1c

1b

1a

0 20 40%60 80 100

OFA FFA

11

12

13

025

045

150

155

157

160

0 20 40%60 80 100

LFALFA

m

2700

2725

2750

2775

2800270 275 280 285 290 295 300 305

3% 9%

2001

OFA LFA

OCM

Norsk Hydro

[14]

Hebron

10. Gozalpour F Danesh A Tehrani DH Todd AC TohidiB Predicting Reservoir Fluid Phase and VolumetricBehavior from Samples Contaminated with Oil BasedMud SPE 56747 SPE

1999 103 6

11. MacMillan DJ Ginley GM Dembicki H How toObtain Reservoir Fluid Properties from an Oil SampleContaminated with Synthetic Drilling Mud SPE38852 SPE

1997 10 5 8

Gozalpour 10

12.Connon D Chevron et a l Hebron M 04Contamination Prediction Method Comparison

St John’s 2001 5 1

13. Mullins 9

14. Fadnes FH Irvine Fortescue J Williams S MullinsOC Van Dusen A Optimization of Wireline

272 [27.2MPa3950psi] PVT

FFA 9%OFA OCM 3%

2.5% PVT3%

Sample Quality by Real Time Analysis of Oil BasedMud Contamination Examples from North SeaOperations SPE 71736 SPE

20019 30 10 3

>

>

36

00.00

0.25

0.50

0.75

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

%

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 90000

25

50

75

100

10,000

FFA8.9% 25.8%

OFA-OCM GC2.6% 6.8%

Norsk Hydro

Psat

20 2MPa290psi PVT

9% FFAPsat

ODOCM OD

OD OCMOCM OCM

OFA OCM Psat

10 1MPa 145psiPVT

1 0 7[225ºF]

102 [217ºF]

450cm3

2.5%

10PVT

OCMPsat

4 0.4MPa 58psi

OCM

PVT

LFA

[15]>

37

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.1

00 1000 2000 3000

scf/bbl

4000 5000 6000

*0.85

504

522

540

558

576

594

612

630

648

666

684

702

720

738

756

774

792

810

828

846

864

882

900

918

936

954

972

990

1008

1026

1044

1062

1080

1098

1116

1134

1152

1170

1188

1206

1224

1242

1260

1278

1296

1314

1332

1350

1368

1386

1404

1422

1440

1458

1476

1494

1512

OD

2001

GOR

LFA1 5

6 9 OD8

21116 1188

1422 1485 1

5 0 LFA

LFAOCM [16] C36+

C36

32% 60%FFAOCM LFA

OCM

8%

C36+

23%PVT

6 7%OCM

LFA15. Mullins 9

16. Fadnes 14

LFA

OFALFA

CO2 H2SLFA

OD

LFA

LFA

CO2 H2S

LFA GOR

>

>

38

MDT CMR

LWD10

3

CMR

MDT

800psi[5.5MPa]

MDTMDT

gargling [17]

OFA

OFA OD

API 10OFA

API 40° 6000

scf/bbl 1080m3/m3

35° API 2000 scf/bbl360m3/m3

18 468 20 CMR

615

MDT OFA2 CMR

CMR 6MDT

MDT

>

>

392001

MDT

Norsk Hydro

[18]

MDT

OFA OCM8%

1% MDT

3%

5% 4% OFAOCM

OFAOCM

MDT

Norsk Hydro

OCMC36+

HiberniaHibernia 1979

Hibernia HMDC

Jeanne d’Arc1997 11 17

St John’s 315 19680

30 4.75 m3

7.51.2 m3

HiberniaBen Nevis Avalon

Hibernia

17. Hashem 7

18. Fadness 14

>

40

HiberniaHibernia42

Hibernia MDT DST BHSHibernia

225m3/m3=1249 scf/bbl

HiberniaBen Nevis Avalon

HMDC 4

HMDC

MDT

MDT

MDTMDT

306 MPSR

12 6 SPMC6 MPSR MDT

>

>

412001

Hibernia Ben Nevis Avalon OFA OCM

PVT

MDTOCM

PVT

PVT

PVT

Hibernia40MPa 5800psi

MDT

OFA

OCM

OCMOFA

MDT

Hibernia80°

TLCTLC

Platform ExpressMDTAIT

St John’sMDT

>

42

Hibernia C B Hibernia MurreGOC WOC40

C30[n- C30]Pr Ph

>

>

432001

Hibernia DST MDT Hibernia

400 1300 MDT

MDT

MDT GC

PVT

7

MDT

19.

20. Van Dusen A Williams S Fadnes FH rvineFortescue J Determination of HydrocarbonProperties by Optical Analysis During Wireline FluidSampling SPE 63252 SPE

2000 101 4

[19]

MDT

MDTOFA

[20]

LFA

CHDT6

MDT

10,000psi 69MPa

MAA

>