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Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

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Chpt 3 Models of Earth
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Page 1: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Chpt 3Models of Earth

Page 2: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44

• Maps:

• Cartographers:

• Projections:

Page 3: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Activity: Maps from Round Objects

1. What do you observe about the line on the paper?

2. How does the length of the line you have drawn compare with the length of the seam on the ball?

3. How does the shape of the line you have drawn compare with the shape of the seam on the baseball?4. What happens to the size and shape of areas on a globe when a map is made? 5. Why is it difficult to reproduce Earth accurately on a map?

Page 4: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

What is distortion?

Map projections:• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2LcyMem

J3dE• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4wgFSHZ

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• Distortion: shapes are not correct or distance is wrong

• There are limitless Map projections • Depends on what map is being used for

Page 5: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

3.1 Map Projections: Partner read/notesPgs 44-45

Mercator Projection: Distorts:Used for:Picture:

Distort near pole, show true directions as straight lines Useful for navigation

Gnomonic Projection: Distorts land mass away from center point show shortest distance between two points Useful for ocean/air voyages

Polyconic: Latitude and longitude are curved, landforms have true shape/size compared to each other. Useful for mapping large areas

Page 6: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Identifying places on Earth

• How do we identify location on Earth?

• What is the most common grid system used?

• Read page 46, take notes on Latitude and Longitude. Draw picture of Earth with lines.

Page 7: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Latitude and Longitude

• Latitude: circle from east to west.• Equator: line that separates Earth from

Northern and Southern hemisphere• Longitude: run from north and south between

poles• Prime meridian: Divides Eastern and Western

Hemisphere

***look atglobe

Page 8: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Practice

Page 9: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Practice

Page 10: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Battleship!

Page 11: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Map Scale

• Scale of map tells you how the features compare in size to Earth’s surface

• Usually shown as a ratio• EX: 1 inch on map=1 mile on earth• Measure 2 inches on map, so 2 inches=2miles

Page 12: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Map Scale

Page 13: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Map Scale Examples

• 1 map:100,000 earth• 100,000 inches= _____ feet ***12 inches=1 foot• 8333 feet= _____ miles ***5280 feet=1 mile• 1 inch=1.57 miles

Page 14: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Practice

***12 inches=1 foot***5280 feet=1 mile

1 map: 250,000 earth250,000 inches/12=20833 feet20833 feet/5280= 3.9 miles1: 1001:200,0001:50,000

Page 15: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:
Page 16: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Map Scale

• Work on map scale pacing out classroom/outside

Page 17: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Practice measuring distance/scale on a map

Page 18: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Measure Distance on Map

• Use map scale to find distance between two points

• Look at a map, measure distance. Figure out distance on map and then distance on earth

• Convert to feet or miles

Page 19: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Distance on Map 12inches=1 foot5280 feet=1mile

1. What is the scale (ratio)?2. Convert to miles

3. Measure the distance from Jones Tank to Bootlegger Spring. Distance on map?Distance on earth?

4. Measure the distance from Morman Mtn Tank to Bootlegger Spring. Distance on map?Distance on earth?

Page 20: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Mapmaking

• Pg 48:Take notes on plane table• Draw map of courtyard

• Pg: 48 Radar notes and video• Finish notes on mapmaking and technology

Traditional First Technology Current Technology Plane Table: Photographs from Airplanes: Satellite

Radar: GPS:

GIS:

Page 21: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

RadarRadio Detection And Ranging Radar device sends out a radio signal. Signal bounces off an object is reflected back

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ywDE57CtaTM

Page 22: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Map Making and TechnologyPG: 48-51

Traditional First Technology Current Technology

Plane Table: Photographs from Airplanes: Satellite

Radar: GPS:

GIS:

Page 23: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Satellite

• Orbits Earth, records data from Earth’s surface

• Measure light waves• Computers convert

the data to pixels (electronic dots), then usable images

Page 24: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

GPS (global positioning system)• 3 parts: satellites, control, user.• GPS receiver determines the time it took for signal

to reach the receiver. • With different satellites signals, GPS receiver uses

triangulation to compute exact location

Page 25: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

GIS (Geographic Information system)

• GIS is a computer system that assembles, stores, manipulates and displays data.

Page 26: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Use for technology/careers

• Read pg 51---Notes on Land Surveyor• What do they do? What technology do they use?

• GIS Example: http://nationalatlas.gov/mapmaker

• Read pg 52---get more notes on GIS• How can GIS be used to provide useful

information?

Page 27: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Careers

• Exploring Careers in GIS: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7tK9CjRmIo

• How is technology/GIS used? ---make list of at least 5 ways GPS/GIS is being used

• What are the roles of computer and satellites in map making?

Page 28: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Help Wanted: Cartographer, Land Surveyor, Scientist, etc.

• General info on what a mappers do (pg 51, 52)– Find patters and relationships, interpret gfitures and

data, etc. • SKILLS: What do you need to know?

—explain GPS and GIS. • How will you be using GPS/GIS?

• Use your notes, video notes, and pg 50

Page 29: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:
Page 30: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

3.2 Sec Review

• Page 51, #1-3

• Topographic Maps• Read pg 53---notes from each paragraph

Page 31: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Topographic Maps• Shows the topography

(natural and human made surface features)

• Shows the shape of Earth’s surface

• Scale of 1:24000• 1 inch represents

___feet so shows good detail

Page 32: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:
Page 33: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Rules for contour lines

• Look at WS/LAB

Page 34: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

How to Read A Topographic Map• Contour Lines• Narrow lines on a map

that indicate the elevation• Connect points of the

same elevation• Index contour lines have

the elevation written• Lines are evenly spaced,

called contour interval (interval units given on map)

Page 35: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Scale and Contour Intervals

Page 36: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

How to Read A Topographic Map• Slope• Distance between contour lines shows you slope• Lines far apart the landscape is flat• Lines close together it is steep• Blue Isobath lines show depths of the water• Hatchmarks point toward the center of a depression

Page 37: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Reading Contour Lines

Page 38: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

Reading Contour Lines

• What is the contour interval?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owwqUYx_o3k

Page 39: Chpt 3 Models of Earth. 3.1 Modeling the Planet pg 44 Maps: Cartographers: Projections:

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