christian_history.ppt

7/30/2019 christian_history.ppt

1/121

Christian History

A Survey


2/121

Two Great QuestionsHas it ever been thisbad before?

Where did we comefrom and why do we

do what we do?


3/121

Two Great SourcesThe Word of God

The History of theChurch


4/121

Our ApproachA surveyhighlights not details

For information

To gain encouragement (Romans 15:4)


5/121

Christianity is Rooted in HistoryThe factual history of Israel

The factual history of the Person andWork of Jesus Christ

The factual history of the NewTestament Church


6/121

The Big Picture

30 AD TODAY

A Fun Quiz


7/121

Score Your Quiz


8/121

From Pentecost to Patmos

The Apostolic Age (30-95 AD)


9/121

The Big PicturePentecost toPersecution

30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times

1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy

Dark Ages & Monasticism

Medieval Period & Roman Corruption

German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism

Modernism

Evangelicalism

Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine

John WycliffeJohn Hus

Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin

John KnoxJohn Bunyan

Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds

Split with the Eastern Church

Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


10/121


11/121

Paths of the Apostles

Peter John

James

Paul


12/121

Paths of the Apostles

James theJust

Matthew

Andrew

Thomas


13/121

External Dangers: PersecutionJewish

Stephen

JamesRoman

Nero (60s AD)

Peter

Paul

Domitian (90s AD)

Sporadic & Disorganized


14/121

Internal Dangers: HeresiesGnosticism

Judaistic Legalism


15/121

The Fathers

After the Apostles


16/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times

1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism

Modernism

Evangelicalism

Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine


Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin


Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


17/121

The Apostolic to Post-Apostolic

Period

ApostolicTeaching

30-100 AD

ApostolicFathers

100-200 AD

Church Fathers

200-330 AD

Persecuted Minority

ApostolicTeaching

Acceptance


18/121

Continued Expansion


19/121

Meet the Parents (Fathers)Clement of Rome

Ignatius of Antioch

Polycarp of Smyrna

Hermas (the Shepherd)


20/121

Clement of RomeElder of the churchin Rome

Proponent oforganization (Letterto Corinth)

Became the bishopof Rome


21/121

Ignatius of AntiochMartyred in 110 AD

En route to Rome, wrote

famous letter

Promoted hierarchy ofchurch leadership

Bishop

EldersDeacon

Especially focused on acentral bishop


22/121

Polycarp of Smyrna (Izmir, Turkey)Martyred 155 AD

Example of Godliness

How shall I deny Himwho has done me

nothing but good these85 years?


23/121

Hermas (The Shepherd)Roman Christian

Claimed visions fromGod

Writings consideredalmost scriptural

A call to repentance


24/121

The Fruit of the FathersSplit with Judaismmove towardGentile dominance

Rise of the clergythe seeds of thepapacy

Intrusion of works salvation

Early distinctions between eastern andwestern Christianity (Greek vs. Roman)


25/121

Move from Congregational to

Clerical Leadership

Wherever the bishop shall appear, therelet the people be; even as where Jesus maybe there is the universal church. It is notlawful apart from the bishop to baptize or

hold a love feast (communion).


26/121

Early Emphasis on Works Salvation

Happy are we, dear friends, if we keep Godscommandments in the harmony of love, so that

by love our sins may be forgiven us.


27/121

The Rise of Rome

The City of God


28/121

Key QuestionsHow did the Churchof Rome come to

the Catholic Church?Who were the keyfigures that lead toits rise?

What difference hasit made to us today?


29/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times

1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism

ModernismEvangelicalism

Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine


Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin


Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


30/121

The Period of Roman Dominance

The Dark Ages

600-1000AD

RomanCorruption

1000-1500AD

Corrupt Mixture of Earthly andSpiritual Power

Rise of RomanCatholicism

313-600AD

Reformation!


31/121

Factors Leading to the Rise of RomeEmergence of the monarchial bishopLegalization of ChristianityDecline of other centers of powerCreation of the Eastern EmpireDefensive moves against heresies

RomeConstantinople

Jerusalem

AntiochEphesus


32/121

Defenses Against ErrorThe Canon of

Scripture (4th

Century)Church Councils

(e.g. Nicaea)

Pronouncements ofthe Roman bishop


33/121

The Roman LineupPeter I (not really!)

Damasus I (366-384AD)

Leo the Great (440-461AD)

Gregory the Great (590-604AD)


34/121

Damasus IClaimed apostolic

succession from

PeterCommissioned the

Latin Vulgatetranslation ofScripture 366-384 AD


35/121

Leo ISaved Rome from

Attila the Hun


36/121

Gregory the Great (Pope #1 or #64)Took title of Pope(Father) and Pontifex

Maximus (HighestPriest)

Consolidated Europeunder Catholic Religion

Sent Romanmissionaries

Wrote liturgy

Introduced purgatory

590-604 AD


37/121

So What Did All This Mean?

By 600 ADThe Church became a spiritual-politicalorganization

The Clergy became a career path to wealthand influence

Grace was channeled via the Church, itspriests, and its Sacraments

Tradition was placed on par with ScripturePagan practices were absorbed into churchactivity


38/121

And we enter


39/121

The High Middle Ages

All Roads Lead to Rome800-1300 AD


40/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times

1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism


Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine


Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin


Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


41/121

The Medieval Church

Scholasticism

East-West Church

Holy Roman Empire

(French)Holy Roman Empire (German)

800 1000 1300

Crusades

Eastern Orthodoxy

Roman Catholicism


42/121

A Lot of Moving PartsPolitics

TheologyExpansion


43/121

Political: Holy Roman EmpireCharlemagne (800

AD)

Otto I (962 AD)

Early stages ofnation states

Set the stage for theGerman Reformation


44/121

Political: The Roman Church

Investiture

ControversyMultiple Popes

Pope on a Rope

Use of ecclesiasticalweaponsHenry IV Repents Before Pope Gregory VII


45/121

Political: The Great SchismEastern Church(Greek)

GreekAnti-Icon

Western Church(Roman)

Latin

Images

Filioque Question

Pope Leo IX

Michael Celularius


46/121

Political: The CrusadesFirst Crusade 1095

AD

Second Crusade1147 AD

Third Crusade 1189

AD


47/121

Theology: New Doctrines & New OrdersScholasticism

Reason Over Scripture

Transubstantiation

Sacramental Salvation

Monastic OrdersBenedictinesFranciscansDominicansCistercians


48/121

Growth: Church Expansion


49/121

By 1300Church had devolved into an

ecclesio-political machine

Corruption was rampant

Salvation was taught to be through the

church & sacraments

The stage was set for the Reformation


50/121

Something is Rotten in Rome

The Decline of the Roman Church1300-1500 AD


51/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times

1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism


Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine

John Wycliffe

John Hus

Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin

John Knox

John Bunyan

Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


52/121

The Declining Church

The Spiritual Decline of Romanism

The Emergence of the Modern World

1300 1400 1500

John Wycliffe (England)

Jon Hus (Czech)


53/121

The World in AscendanceThe Church in Decline

Sociological

Urbanization

Rise of Middle Class

Political

Nation States

AcademicRenaissance

Christian Humanism


54/121

A True Renaissance Man

Da Vinci

Michelangelo

Raphael

Erasmus


55/121

The World in AscendanceThe Church in DeclineSociological

Urbanization

Rise of Middle Class

PoliticalNation States

AcademicRenaissance

Christian Humanism

Papal HumiliationCapture of Boniface

Clement in Avignon

Multiple PopesBroken Succession

Conciliar Movement

Moral & Spiritual CorruptionMurders & Immorality

Relics

Superstition over Scripture

Position vs. Character

Indulgences


56/121

Pope Boniface

Pope Clement VII

John Tetzel


57/121

Early Reformers (Pre-1517)German Mystics

John Wycliffe (England) 1325-1284

John Hus (Bohemia) 1372-1415


58/121

John WycliffeScripture intoEnglish

Priesthood ofBelievers

Authority inCharacter not Title

Anti-Transubstantiation


59/121

John HusFollower of Wycliffe

Preached against

IndulgencesPreached the Gospel


60/121

ConclusionThe lines were beingdrawn

The world wouldnever be the same

The wood was onthe pile

A match was needed


61/121

The Swiss Reformation

The Center of EuropeanProtestantism


62/121


63/121

Factors in the Reformation

Enlightenment

PrintingPress

Nationalism

Rediscoveryof Scripture

RomanCorruption

REFORMATION


64/121

Two Major PlayersUlrich Zwingli

1484-1531

John Calvin

1509-1564


65/121

Ulrich ZwingliPriest & Preacher (pre-datedLuther)Zurich Pastorate

Verse by Verse

Sausage Controversy67 ConclusionsOfficial Protestant City

Military LeaderSent missionariesJacob Kaiser martyredLed campaign against Catholic

cantonsKilled in battle

Succeeded by Heinrich Bullinger


66/121

John (Jean) CalvinFrench exile to Basel

Wrote Institutes of the ChristianReligion(at 25)

Moved to GenevaPartnered with William Farel

Created systematic approach to thefaith

Exiled to Strasbourg

Recalled to restore order in GenevaWrote Commentaries on the HolyScripture

Ministered for 27 years


67/121

What About the Rest of Europe?


68/121

Result of the ReformationLutheranism

CalvinisticPresbyterianism

AnglicanProtestantism


69/121

The English Reformation

Sort of


70/121

The English Reformation

The Impact of the English Bible

The Plethora of English Leaders

1500 1600

The Impact of the English Throne


71/121

Uniqueness #1: No Specific LeaderThomas Cranmer

Hugh Latimer

John Frith

Thomas Bilney

Anne Boleyn

FarmersMerchants

Unknown Preachers

Latimer

Anne Boleyn

Cranmer


72/121

The Martyrdom of Ridley & Latimer

Be of good courage, Master Ridley, and play the man; we shall this day lightsuch a candle, by Gods grace, in England, as I trust shall never be put out.


73/121

Uniqueness #2: The Word of GodJon Wycliffe (1320-1384)

William Tyndale(1494-1536)

Fled to Germany

Lived in Holland

Martyred in Belgium

Dozens of Preachers


74/121

Uniqueness #3: No Political Support


75/121

Persecution of Evangelical ChristiansNew TestamentBanned

Cardinal WolseyThomas More

50,000-100,000

Martyred


76/121

Gradual Reformation of the ChurchEdward VI

Queen Mary (akaBloody Mary)

Elizabeth I


77/121

A Mixed OutcomeA Romish AnglicanChurch

A Protestant AnglicanChurch

Puritanism

A Church Ready for theImpact of ScottishPresbyterianism


78/121

Awakenings

Evangelical Decline & Revival


79/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism


Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine

John Wycliffe

John Hus

Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin

John Knox

John Bunyan

Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


80/121

Understanding RevivalDecline Symptoms &

CausesGods

Answer

IsraelNT Church

Church in History

Global

NationalLocal

FormalismColdness of Heart

Tolerance of Sin

Forsaking

AssemblyLegalism

Ignoring Missions

Moving of theHoly Spirit

Conviction

Repentance

PrayerPower


81/121

The Period of Awakenings

The First Great Awakening

The Moravian Revival

1700 1900

The Evangelical Awakenings

England

America


82/121

The Moravian RevivalLutheran Decline

Prince Nicholas Von

Zinzendorf (1700-1760)

Christian Commune

RevivalImpacted Wesley


83/121

First Great Awakening (England)John Wesley (1703-1791)

AnglicanPreached in the openair

Founded

Methodism


84/121

First Great Awakening (America)Jonathan Edwards(local)

George Whitfield(1714-1770)

Massive appeal

Strong Calvinist

Influenced theRevolution


85/121

The Evangelical AwakeningsThe First (1802-1812)

Ivy LeagueUnitarianism

The Second (1857-1862)

North: New York City

South: ConfederateArmy


86/121

The Rise of Modern Missions

The Golden Age


87/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism


Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine

John Wycliffe

John Hus

Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin

John Knox

John Bunyan

Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelical

Activity


88/121

The Great CommissionAll authority is given to me in heaven and earth.

Therefore, as you go, disciple the peoples

baptizing them in the name of the Father, theSon, and the Holy Spirit and teaching them to

obey all that I have commanded. And, behold, Iam with you even to the end of the world.

--Matthew 28:18-20


89/121

The Golden Age1800 1900 Today

British Empire

India & South Asia Missions

China Missions

Africa Missions

Muslim Missions


90/121

Causes for the Rise of MissionsThe Awakenings

The Rediscovery of the Priesthood of

Believers

Rise in Global Trade

Growth of the British Empire

Wealth of the Middle Class


91/121

The Players

A List of Household Names


92/121

William Carey (1761-1834)BritishTeacher/Pastor

Proposed organizedmissions

Went to Bengal(Bangladesh)

Formed BaptistMissionary Society

Attempt great things for God; expectgreat things from God


93/121

Adoniram Judson (1788-1850)American

Congregationalist

Became BaptistBurma


94/121

David Livingstone (1813-1873)Scottish

Planned for China

but ended up inAfrica

Explored much ofAfrican continent

Dr. Livingstone, I presume?

H.M. Stanley


95/121

Hudson Taylor (1832-1905)Medical Student

Called to China onBrighton Beach

Opened the interior ofChina

Founded China InlandMission (OMF)

Father of FaithMissions


96/121

A.T. Pierson (1837-1911)AmericanPresbyterian

Pastoral Catalyst forGlobal Missions

US

England


97/121

C.T. Studd (1860-1931)English Cricket Star

Member of the

Cambridge SevenMissionary to China(CIM)

Missionary to Africa(WEC)


98/121

Guess WhoCalvin College

Florida Atlantic

UniversityWestminsterSeminary

Pastorates in NJ, FL,

and NCMissionaries toEritrea

Don andJeannette Taws


99/121

Major ImpactCountless Para-Church Agencies

Gospel Spread to Every Country

Missions Part of Fabric of EvangelicalChurches


100/121

Missions TodaySending has shifted toother countries

More countries areclosed to missionaries

Alternative strategiesare being created

Missions minded peopleare bypassing theagencies in favor ofdirect engagement


101/121

The Church in the Early 21st

Century

A Series of Contrasts


102/121


30-313

Roman Dominance

313-1517

Reformation

1517-1910

Modern Times1910-?

Apostles

Church Fathers

Persecutions

Roman Ascendancy



German

European

English

Liberals

Fundamentalism

Modernism

Evangelicalism

Ignatius

Polycarp

Constantine

Gregory the Great

Jerome

Augustine

John Wycliffe

John Hus

Erasmus

Martin Luther

John Calvin

John Knox

John Bunyan

Gresham Machen

C.S. Lewis

Billy Graham

Martyrs

Heresies

Legal Status

Canon and Creeds


Crusades

95 Theses

5 Solas

Missions

Revivals

Revolutions

Secularism

Abortion

Shift ofEvangelicalActivity


103/121

Contrast #1: American vs. Global

Christianity


104/121

Contrast #2: Traditional vs.

Contemporary ChurchesStyles:

Music

DressFormat

Underlying Reasons:

Appeal to the Past

Appeal to the Public

Appeal to Scripture


105/121

Contrast #3: Impact vs. Relevance

Impact: Whatdifference are we

making?

Relevance: Doesanybody listen to

what we say?


106/121

Result of These Tensions: Emergence of

New Types of Churches

Media/Celebrity Churches

Emerging ChurchesOrganic/House Churches

Mega-Churches/Relevant Environment

Churches

Renewed Traditional Churches


107/121

Media-Celebrity ChurchesMass Appeal

Entertainment

Focused:Drama

Music

Glitz

Attractive PastoralTeams


108/121


109/121

Mega-ChurchesFocus on relevance

Stripping all but thegospel

Mass appeal & seekeremphasis

Heavy use ofmarketing thought

Multiple campuses

Built on brands andnames


110/121

Mega Churches: Pro & ConPositive Side:

Focused on thegospel

Appeal to theunchurched

Evangelistic effortand impact

Massive cashgeneration

Dangers:Boundaries &slippery slopes

Watering down thetruth

Minimal discipleship

More strategy than

spiritualityRelocation ofmalcontented sheep


111/121

Renewed Traditional ChurchesFocused onScripture

Connected to theirhistory

Emphasis onreverence in worship

Structured

Liturgical


112/121

SoA time ofCONFUSION

A time ofTRANSITION

A time ofEXPERIMENTATION

Wheres it all headed?


113/121

Whats Next?

The Future of the Church in America


114/121

Globally

Decline &disenfranchisementof the American

churchFragmentation oforganized missionactivity

Ascendance of theAsian-Chinesechurch


115/121

3 Factors Well Face in the U.S.

Ultra-liberal,Established Church

GovernmentInterference

Discipleship &Persecution


116/121

The Mainline, Established Church

Fulfill the human need for worship

A god of humanistic designFocus on social fellowship and social issues

Christ presented as a way to God


117/121

Government Interference

Elimination or limitationof tax-exempt status

Control of Hiring

Practices

Application of ToleranceDoctrine to teaching

Acceptable messages

Hate Speech


118/121

Persecution of Evangelicals

Starker difference between believers &unbelievers

Decline of professors vs. possessors

Restriction of Free Speech via theTolerance Doctrine

Ridicule and alienation via media


119/121

The Shape of the Church in America

The Good News:Jesus Christ willcontinue to bring

people to himselfThe Unknown News:

Revival will changethe outcome

The Bad News:If things remain thesame


120/121

A Possible Landscape

Public open &tolerant church

Despisedevangelicalism

Informal & homeoriented Christianity


121/121

Upon this rock I will build my churchand the gates of hell shall not prevail

against it.

--The Lord Jesus

Date post:	14-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	myjustyna
View:	218 times
Download:	0 times

christian_history.ppt

Documents