Christianity, Anne Rice, Richard Dawkins, Stephen Hawking, and Me

8/9/2019 Christianity, Anne Rice, Richard Dawkins, Stephen Hawking, and Me

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242

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Pdjcn ae Kampnmp{

Rznedkn--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :

Om [ndzkf ae Gmaxcn`hn------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0Kzndpomh [ainpfomh A~p ae Mapfomh----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4Ha` O{ D @nc~{oam1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

@an{ Ha` Nvo{p1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

Xfa Kzndpn` Pfn Kzndpaz1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44

Xfnzn @a Xn Zndccy Kain Ezai1---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40Hzduopy dm` Ha`---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48

Xfdp o{ @dzg Idppnz1-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :2

Ha` D{ @dzg Nmnzhy Dm` @dzg Idppnz1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- :4Poin---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :;

[pnrfnm Fdxgomh ) Fndunm O{ Eaz Rnarcn [kdzn` Ae Pfn @dzg--------------------------------------- :?

I~cporcn ^mounz{n{< Eaz Rnarcn Xfa Dzn Dezdo` ae Coen------------------------------------------------- ;:[konmkn dm` Zncohoam< Ha` @o`m‟p Idgn Idm7 Idm Id`n Ha`{------------------------------------- ;;

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Rznedkn

Pfo{ n{{dy jnhom d{ d enx rdhn{ dm` {caxcy jca{{ain` ompa pfn nro{pcn op max o{- O jnhdm

xzopomh op l~{p depnz O znd` dja~p Dmm Zokn dm` fnz &max edia~{/ {pdpninmp znhdzòmh fnz

zncohoa~{ uonx{- Fnz kaiinmp{ cop pfn eozn pfdp eazhn` pfn xaz`{ ya~ znd` fnzn- Om pfo{

n{{dy# O xzopn dja~p Ha`# {konmkn# zncohoam# {ain ae pfn cdpn{p {konmpoeok ò{kaunzon{# dm`

{ain ae pfn {konmpo{p{ xfa rzaen{{ pa jn dpfno{p{ `~n pa pfnoz {konmpoeok jncone{-

Idmy {konmpo{p{ fdun kain pa jnconun Ha` àn{ map nvo{p- Pfny kdm fyrapfn{o|n dm`

pfnazo|n dm` om pfnoz fyrapfn{o{ dm` pfnazon{# pfny kdm nvrcdom pfn nvo{pnmkn ae map amcy

pfo{ ~mounz{n j~p dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ dm` nunzypfomh om pfni- Pfnzneazn# pfnzn

o{ ma mnn` pa jnconun om d &mam)nvo{pnmp/ Ha` pa nvrcdom kzndpoam-

Ezai nunzypfomh O fdun {p~òn` om {konmkn# O fdun kain pa jnconun {konmkn# pfza~hf op{

ò{kaunzon{# o{ rzauomh idmy pfomh{ dja~p a~z kamknrpoam ae Ha`- Fax kdm rnarcn znd`

dja~p {konmkn dm` op{ ò{kaunzon{ dm` kain pa pxa òeenznmp kamkc~{oam{1 Xncc# fax kdm

rnarcn znd` pfn Jojcn dm` kain pa ennc pfn mnn` eaz f~m`zn`{ ae `nmaiomdpoam{ xopf

udzyomh jncone{1 Rnzfdr{# xn zndkf pfn kamkc~{oam{ xn à jd{n` ~ram a~z coen

nvrnzonmkn{- Knzpdomcy# O {nn Ha` xfnznunz O nvdiomn {konmpoeok t~n{poam{ dm`

idpfnidpokdc nt~dpoam{ jnkd~{n O fdun {nnm dm` gmaxm Ha` dp xazg om iy axm coen-

[omkn O fdun fd` knzpdom coen nvrnzonmkn{# rnzfdr{ O {nn Ha` xfnzn pfn {konmpo{p{ à map-

Am pfn apfnz fdm`# op idy jn jnkd~{n O fdun dm arnm iom` dm` O di xoccomh pa eaccax pfn

nuo`nmkn xfnznunz op pdgn{ in- J~p ia{p cogncy# op o{ jnkd~{n O di map haomh pa cnp

{konmpo{p{ &az zncohoa~{ cnd`nz{/ pncc in xfdp O di haomh pa jnconun- O di haomh pa xnohf

pfn nuo`nmkn dm` `nko`n eaz iy{nce-

Om dmy kd{n# ya~ xocc eom` om pfn eaccaxomh kfdrpnz{ d pzdoc pfdp cnd`{ ya~ ezai {gnrpoko{i

dja~p Ha` pa d haa` ~m`nz{pdmòmh ae pfn cdpn{p {konmpoeok o`nd{ xfokf rzauo`n d

ezdinxazg eaz ~m`nz{pdmòmh Ha`- _n{# pfn {konmpo{p{# xfnpfnz pfny xocc dìop op# az map#

dzn rzauomh nunzypfomh dja~p pfn mam){nk~cdz Ha` pfdp ya~ dm` O jnconun om-

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


O farn ya~ nmlay pfn znd` d{ i~kf d{ O nmlayn` pfn xzopn-

O xnckain kaiinmp{- Rcnd{n nidoc in dp iokfdncQj~{jyBydfaa-kai- Oe ya~ dzn {dmn

dm` {nm{ojcn# znhdz`cn{{ ae ya~z jncone{# O xocc hcd`cy znd` xfdp ya~ fdun pa {dy-

O di dudocdjcn eaz {rndgomh nmhdhninmp{- Rcnd{n {nm` in d in{{dhn ae omt~ozy uod iy

nidoc d``zn{{ oe ya~ dzn ompnzn{pn` om nmhdhomh in d{ d {rndgnz eaz ya~z kf~zkf# az apfnz

azhdmo|dpoam-

;

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Om [ndzkf ae Gmaxcn`hn

Am Dmmn Zokn‟{ aeeokodc xnj{opn {fn ra{pn` pfn eaccaxomh dmma~mkninmp uod fnz edknjaag enn` am pfn depnzmaam ae L~cy :6# :242< *O t~op jnomh d Kfzo{podm- O(i a~p- Om pfn mdin ae

Kfzo{p# O zne~{n pa jn dmpo)hdy- O zne~{n pa jn dmpo)eniomo{p- O zne~{n pa jn dmpo)dzpoeokodc

jozpf kampzac- O zne~{n pa jn dmpo)@niakzdp- O zne~{n pa jn dmpo){nk~cdz f~idmo{i- O zne~{n

pa jn dmpo){konmkn- O zne~{n pa jn dmpo)coen- Om pfn mdin ae ---Kfzo{p# O t~op Kfzo{podmopy dm`

jnomh Kfzo{podm- Dinm-*

Xncc# dcc O kdm {dy {rnkoeokdccy pa fnz dmma~mkninmp o{# xfdp paag ya~ {a camh1 O t~op om

4?50 xfnm O xd{ amcy 4; yndz{ ac`- Jy pfnm# O gmnx iy Ha` dm` Kfzo{p xnzn map pfn Ha`

dm` Kfzo{p xfa nvo{pn` dio` pfn fyrakzopokdc# indm){rozopn`# dm` fdpne~c rnarcn O coun`

diamh om pfn dzirop ae pfn xazc`< Jaxon# Pnvd{- &Ma# O di map faia{nv~dc- Pfn rcdkn

zndccy àn{ {~kg# ~mcn{{ ya~ dzn d Kza)Idhmam ompnzjzn` xopf d Mndm`nzpfdc4 xfa yndzm{

pa idpn xopf d ~mokazm xfa{n edpfnz xd{ d hmain# pfnm op o{ fndunm- <///

D{ d ya~mh pnnmdhnz# O {np dja~p d {ndzkf eaz iy Ha` dm` Kfzo{p- O kdin pa zndco|n O xd{

l~{p d{ ompnccohnmp# oe map iazn {a# pfdm ia{p apfnz rnarcn- Oe {dhn{ dm` apfnz xo{n dm`

cndzmn` inm ka~c` kaml~zn ~r ha`{# pfnm O xd{ knzpdomcy kdrdjcn ae kaml~zomh ~r iy axm

ha`# {~opdjcn pa iy jncone {y{pni- Pfn zn{~cp< O fdun xaz{forrn` d Ha` xfa o{ map dmpo

dmypfomh dm` rza nunzypfomh pfdp o{ haa` dm` zohfp eaz pfn cd{p pxnmpy)pxa yndz{- Ae

ka~z{n# op han{ xopfa~p {dyomh iy Kfzo{p o{ nunzypfomh iy Ha` o{- O ea~m` iy Ha` dm`

Kfzo{p map xopfom pfn kameomn{ ae dmy kf~zkf# az zncohoam# j~p xopfom pfn `nrpf{ ae iy

fndzp d{ O la~zmnyn` ezai pnnmdhnz pa d`~cp-

Pfn kamknrp ae Ha`# az d Kzndpaz# o{ ~m`nz {onhn pa`dy ezai dcc {o`n{# j~p n{rnkodccy ezai

omòuo`~dc{ xfa jnconun pfny dzn pfn kzndi ae {akonpy- _a~ gmax xfai O di pdcgomh

4 Xncc# O idy jn houomh Mndm`nzpfdc{ d jd` mdin# {omkn op xd{ znknmpcy ò{kaunzn` Mndm`nzpfdc{ ò`

ompnzjznn` xopf ndzcy f~idm{ &faia {dronm{/- [nn

fppr<!!xxx-udmka~unz{~m-kai!j~{omn{{!pnkfmacahy!Mndm`nzpfdc{'ompnzjzn`'xopf'ndzcy'f~idm{!>4:>::>!

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


>

dja~p< pfn ~mounz{opy rzaen{{az{# {konmkn cdj zdp{# inòkdc rzaen{{oamdc{# dm` dcc apfnz{

xfa pfomg pfny cndzmn` {ainpfomh {rnkodc xfnm pfny xnmp pa kaccnhn dm` {dp pfza~hf d cdj

ka~z{n xopfa~p edccomh d{cnnr-

[~kf –cndzmn`’ omòuo`~dc{ {kaee dp pfn o`nd pfnzn o{ d Ha`- Eaz pfni# pfnoz ha` o{ {konmkn

dm` pfny dzn pfn mnx rzon{p{ om pfnoz –zncohoam’- Pfny {dy zncohoam o{ ozzncnudmp pa`dy

jnkd~{n op kdmmap rzauo`n dm{xnz{ pa pfn hzaxomh rzajcni{ ae d j~zhnamomh rar~cdpoam

dm` pfn dppnm`dmp occ{ d{{akodpn` xopf a~z aunz)rar~cdpoam ae a~z amkn)jnd~poe~c rcdmnp-

Dkkazòmh pa idmy ae pfn{n omòuo`~dc{# {konmkn kdm rzauo`n dcc pfn dm{xnz{-

Pfny kcdoi {konmkn rzauo`n{ pfn dm{xnz{ jnkd~{n ya~ kdm fyrapfn{o|n pfnm pn{p pfn

fyrapfn{o{7 pfnm uaocdb# d rzaunm fyrapfn{o{ o{ edkp dm` edkp o{ i~kf jnppnz pfdm d

nrfninzdc Ha` xfa{n nvo{pnmkn kdmmap jn ajlnkpouncy pn{pn`- Pfnoz kampom~dc zdmp< pfn

Ha` Fyrapfn{o{ ‛ kdmmap jn rzaunm# pfnzneazn Ha` kdmmap ra{{ojcy nvo{p- Gmax xfdp

apfnz fyrapfn{o{ kdmmap jn rzaunm1 Idmy {dkzn` dm` kfnzo{fn` {konmpoeok pfnazon{ kdmmap

jn rzaunm# n{rnkodccy pfn –cndzmn`’ omòuo`~dc{ ia{p kfnzo{fn` fyrapfn{o{< Pfn Joh

Jdmh :

Fyrapfn{o{-

Pfn eaccaxomh oidhn o{ ezai pfn XIDR rzalnkp- XIDR ‛ Xocgom{am Iokzaxdun

Dmo{apzarfy Idr ) xd{ `n{ohmn` pa idr pfn zn{o`~dc fndp cnep aunz om pfn ~mounz{n ezai

pfn Joh Jdmh- [nn pfn cdzhn jc~n dznd l~{p pa pfn zohfp ae knmpnz om pfn idr1 Pfo{ o{ pfn

kac`n{p# pfnzneazn ac`n{p# {nkpoam ae pfn ~mounz{n- Xfnm ya~ caag dp pfn jc~n {rap# ya~ dzn

caagomh dp pfn raomp xfnzn pfn Joh Jdmh akk~zzn`- Did|omh# nf1 &D{{~iomh ae ka~z{n

pfnzn xd{ d Joh Jdmh-/

: O pnm` pa pfomg ae –pfn Joh Jdmh’ d{ pfn eoz{p poin O id`n caun pa d xaidm-



nc J~{jy2

xxx-{kzoj`-kai!àk!;>:226?8!Kfzo{podmopy)Dmmn)Zokn)Zokfdz`)@dxgom{)[pnrfnm)Fdxgomh)dm`)In

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Kzndpomh [ainpfomh A~p ae Mapfomh

Ae ka~z{n# ya~ i~{p fdun fndz` ae Pfn Joh Jdmh Pfnazy- Dkkazòmh pa pfn nvrnzp{#drrzavoidpncy 4: joccoam yndz{ dha# houn az pdgn dja~p d joccoam# az pxa# yndz{# pfnzn xd{

mapfomh- Dj{ac~pncy mapfomh om nvo{pnmkn- [~``nmcy# xopfa~p xdzmomh# pfnzn xd{ dm

nvrca{oam ae ~moidhomdjcn idhmop~`n ezai d {omhcn# omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp ) d{ pfn

cndzmn` inm dm` xainm `n{kzojn pfn nunmp ) pfdp {ainfax kdin ompa nvo{pnmkn om pfo{

mapfomhmn{{ eaz l~{p pfn jzonen{p ae iainmp{ jneazn nvrcaòmh-

Faxnunz# xn dzn map knzpdom xfnzn pfo{ omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp kdin ezai om pfn

azohomdc mapfomhmn{{- D{ azohomdccy dmm~mkodpn`# pfn Joh Jdmh kdin ezai mapfomh- J~p# om

az`nz pa {a~m` rcd~{ojcn dm` pfnzneazn {dmn# pfn {konmpo{p{ fd` pa zn)kam{pz~kp pfn pfnazy

dza~m` pfo{ omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp dzo{omh ezai mapfomh# apfnzxo{n pfny xa~c` {a~m`

m~p{- &[ainpfomh ezai mapfomh1 Zndccy1 Xfdp caamny)jom ò` ya~ n{kdrn ezai1/

[~rra{n`cy# map nunm {rdkn; dm` poin nvo{pn` ~mpoc pfo{ Joh Jdmh akk~zzn`# dkkazòmh pa

pfa{n nvrnzp{ xfa pf~ij pfnoz ma{n{ dp pfn o`nd ae d Ha`!Kzndpaz- Ezai pfn {~j{nt~nmp

omeomopn{oidc {idcc raomp# nunzypfomh pfdp kairzo{n{ pfn ~mounz{n# dm` dm omeomopn m~ijnz

ae apfnz ~mounz{n{0# pa`dy j~z{p eazpf om d f~hn nvrca{oam# f~zpcomh {ainpfomh cogn 4v4262

inpzok pam{ &a~z ~mounz{n amcy ‛ i~cporcy poin{ omeomopy poin omeomopy eaz znidomomh

~mounz{n{/ ae {~rnz fndpn` &fy`zahnm1/ id{{ ompa pfn hzndpcy nvrdm`n` mnx {rdkn dm`

poin pfdp xd{ jnomh kzndpn` jy pfn unzy id{{ op{nce d{ op {rn` dxdy ezai pfn omeomopn{oidc

; [a fax ka~c` pfnzn jn dm omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp ezai mapfomh1 Nunm dm omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp

xa~c` znt~ozn {ain &omeomopn{oidccy {idcc/ {rdkn- Dm` jy pfn {konmpo{p{ axm `neomopoam# {rdkn dm` poin nvo{pfdm`)om)fdm` ‛ kdmmap fdun amn xopfa~p pfn apfnz ‛ d{ pfn pxa dzn kam{o`nzn` dm ompnz)xaunm edjzok

dkkazòmh pa Nom{pnomodm eonc` pfnazy xfokf o{ amn ae pfn e~m`dinmpdc cnh{ pfn xfacn {konmpoeok fa~{n ae

kdz`{ o{ j~ocp am- [a# dm omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp xa~c` {pocc fdun d {rdkn dm` poin d{{akodpn` xopf op-

[nni{ kampzdòkpazy-0

I)Pfnazy rznòkp{ dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ xopf ndkf zn{oòmh am op{ axm –r)jzdmn-’ [ain

pfnazo{p{ max {dy pfnzn dzn dm omeomopy m~ijnz ae omeomopn ~mounz{n{ akk~ryomh pfn ~mounz{n- Pfnzn dzn dm

omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ xopf dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae karon{ ae in# dm` pfnm dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae

~mounz{n{ xopf dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ya~# dm` {a am dm` {a am eaz nunzy couomh kzndp~zn pfdp nunz nvo{pn`- O

pfomg op han{ xopfa~p {dyomh xn fdun xdm`nzn` aee pfn `nnr nm` fnzn-

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


{idcc raomp dp {rnn`{ drrzadkfomh pfn {rnn` ae cohfp op{nce dm` dp pnirnzdp~zn{ ae

f~m`zn`{ ae ioccoam# rnzfdr{ joccoam{# ae `nhznn{>-

Pfo{ o{ {konmkn‟{ pfnazy ae pfn azohom ae pfn ~mounz{n dm` pfn zn{p ae pfa{n omeomopn m~ijnz

ae ~mounz{n{5 rznòkpn` jy {pzomh pfnazy‟{ kfnzo{fn` I)Pfnazy< Pfnazy ae Nunzypfomh-

_n{# O gmax pfny dzn xazgomh am d ka~rcn ae apfnz pfnazon{ pfdp omkc~`n kaijomdpoam{ ae d

Joh Jdmh!Nvrca{oam eaccaxn` idmy f~m`zn`{ ae joccoam{# rnzfdr{ pzoccoam{ ae yndz{ cdpnz

jy d Joh Kz~mkf# dm` apfnz o`nd{ {~kf d{ map {~kf d Joh Kz~mkf# j~p idyjn dm dcia{p Joh

Kz~mkf# npk- d{ pfn ~mounz{n nvrdm`{ dm` kampzdkp{ om d mnunz nmòmh kykcn- _np# {konmkn

dcxdy{ znp~zm{ pa pfn azohomdc Joh Jdmh Pfnazy d{ pfn omopodc kd~{n!kzndpoam ae pfn

~mounz{n- Dùakdpn{ ae {pzomh pfnazy jnconun map amcy ò` pfn Joh Jdmh kzndpn a~z

aj{nzudjcn ~mounz{n# j~p dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae omuo{ojcn –rdzdccnc’ ~mounz{n{ dm` idmy

~maj{nzudjcn òinm{oam{# d{ xncc8-

Xfokf ae pfn pxa –~m)rzaudjcn’ fyrapfn{o{ o{ nd{onz pa jnconun<

4-/ D f~hn dia~mp ae {ainpfomh xd{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh# om dm om{pdmp ae poin# eaz ma

znd{am dp dcc# dcamh xopf dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae apfnz ~mounz{n{ dm` òinm{oam{ nvo{pomh om

–rdzdccnc’ xfnzn ma {rdkn dm` poin nvo{pn` jneazn# dm` 4: joccoam yndz{ cdpnz xn nvo{p

dcamh xopf pfn zn{p ae pfn idhmoeoknmp ~mounz{n# dm` dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae apfnz ~mounz{n{

dm` òinm{oam{ xn kdmmap rnzknoun# az<

:-/ D raxnz hzndpnz pfdm a~z djocopy pa kairznfnm` kzndpn` pfn ~mounz{n d{ xn gmax op eaz

znd{am{ xn kdmmap ~m`nz{pdm`- Rnzfdr{ eaz pfn rcnd{~zn ae idmy f~idm)cogn {rnkon{

couomh am ioccoam{ ae rcdmnp{ dza~m` pfn ~mounz{n1 &Az# rnzfdr{ map-/ Dm` 4: joccoam yndz{

cdpnz6 xn nvo{p1

> Edfznmfnop az Knc{o~{1 Dp >22 ioccoam `nhznn{# àn{ op zndccy idppnz1 O {~rra{n op àn{# jnkd~{n 4 ioccoam

`nhznn{ djaun az jncax iohfp zn{~cp om d ~mounz{n pfdp kdmmap {~rrazp dmy coen j~p# pfdp o{ l~{p kamlnkp~zn-5 Pa gnnr op {oircn# ezai pfo{ raomp eazxdz` O xocc l~{p znenz pa –~mounz{n’ pa nmkaird{{ a~z ~mounz{n rc~{

pfn znidomomh ~mounz{n{-8 Eaz dm ompnzn{pomh# j~p dcia{p ~mompnccohojcn znd` ~mcn{{ ya~ ~m`nz{pdm` rfy{ok{# ò{k~{{oam ae pfn cdpn{p

pfnazon{ znhdzòmh pfn kzndpoam ae pfn ~mounz{n ezai d Joh Jdmh# {nn Fdxgomh‟{ Pfn ^mounz{n Om D M~p{fncc-6 Pfnzn o{ d {~jpcn o{{~n fnzn xopf pfn 4: joccoam yndz{- [omkn pfn Joh Jdmh o{ d{{akodpn` xopf dm

omeomopn{oidccy {idcc {rdkn xfokf fd{ dm d{{akodpn` poin# fax kdm dmyamn t~dmpoey d –yndz’ dp pfn iainmp

:



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


_a~ {nn# op o{ pfdp &pzninmà~{cy f~hn/ {ainpfomh dm` pfn omeomopn m~ijnz ae apfnz

~mounz{n{ xopf {oiocdz kam{pz~kpoam pfdp xd{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh om ma {rdkn &dm` poin/

om dm om{pdmp dm` eaz ma znd{am dp dcc pfdp fd{ in {p~irn` xfnm op kain{ pa pfn Joh Jdmh

Pfnazy &kfaokn m~ijnz 4/- [konmpo{p{ nvrnkp ~{ pa pdgn op am edopf {~kf dm nunmp akk~zzn`#

l~{p jnkd~{n pfny {dy {a- @an{ pfo{ {a~m` cogn d ediocodz znezdom1 Zninijnz @dxgom{ dm`

Pfn Ha` Fyrapfn{o{< f~idm{ pnm` pa jnconun om d Ha`!Kzndpaz l~{p jnkd~{n {ainamn {dy{

{a1 [a xn {fa~c` jnconun pfn {konmpo{p{ l~{p jnkd~{n pfny {dy {a1 Ma cogncy# eaz in- Fax

dja~p ya~1

O l~{p kdmmap xzdr iy iom` dza~m` {~kf d –pdgn op am edopf’ o`nd?

ezai pfn {konmpo{p{ dm`

apfnz ncopo{p{ xfa rd{{oamdpncy jnconun om {~kf d rznra{pnza~{cy {a~mòmh o`nd- [ainpfomh

ezai mapfomh‥zndccy1 Pfn o`nd ae d [dmpd Kcd~{ xfa jzomh{ in d hoep nunzy Kfzo{pid{

Nun {nni{ pa fdun iazn inzop pfdm d Joh Jdmh pfnazy d{ op o{ dmm~mkodpn` jy pfn

{konmpo{p{-

Nunzy nvrnzonmkn ae iy coen pncc{ in pfomh{ fdrrnm eaz d znd{am dm` ya~ kdm mnunz# nunz#

NUNZ idgn {ainpfomh a~p ae mapfomh- Oe op o{ pz~n ‛ ya~ kdm idgn {ainpfomh ezai

mapfomh ) pfnm {konmkn {fa~c` jn djcn pa ha pa pfn cdj dm` kzndpn {ainpfomh a~p ae mapfomh

&dm` eaz ma znd{am dp dcc/- J~p# pfny kdmmap à pfo{ 42-

ae pfn Jdmh dm` eaz ioccoam{# az nunm joccoam{- ae –yndz{’ depnzxdz`{1 Pfny zndccy kdmmap# {a op o{ oira{{ojcn

pa {dy fax camh op paag ezai pfn iainmp ae pfn Jdmh ~mpoc pfn n{pdjco{finmp ae pfn eoz{p {pdz{ dm` pfn

{~j{nt~nmp `nuncarinmp ae hdcdvon{- Poin pfnm o{ map pfn {din d{ poin pa`dy- Xn t~dmpoey poin pa`dy d{

pfn znuac~poam ae a~z rcdmnp japf am op{ dvo{ dm` op{ la~zmny dza~m` pfn {~m- J~p pfnm# a~z rcdmnp dm` {~m ò`

map nvo{p eaz dja~p pfn eoz{p 6 joccoam –yndz{’ pfn ~mounz{n nvo{pn`- [a zndccy# op o{ oira{{ojcn pa rom àxm pfn

nvdkp poin pfn ~mounz{n xd{ kzndpn` jy d Joh Jdmh- Pfnzn o{ dmapfnz o{{~n xopf pfn Joh Jdmh Pfnazy ‛ op

{dy{ pfnzn o{ mapfomh# map nunm poin dm` {rdkn# a~p{o`n a~z ~mounz{n- Op o{ ajuoa~{ pa nunm pfn ia{p kd~{dcaj{nzunz# pfnzn i~{p jn {ainpfomh l~{p a~p{o`n pfn edz n`hn ae pfn edzpfn{p zndkfn{ ae pfn ~mounz{n# nunm oe op

o{ amcy nirpy –{rdkn’- Pfn rfy{oko{p{ ~{n d ò{dziomh pdkpok pa kcdoi pfnzn o{ mapfomh a~p{o`n a~z ~mounz{n-

Pfny idgn pfn pdkop d{{~irpoam xfnzn pfnzn o{ ma hzduopy# pfnzn kdm jn mapfomh# map nunm nirpy {rdkn# dm`

pfnzn knzpdomcy kdm jn ma poin- Xfy àn{ hzduopy fdun pa nvo{p om {ain –{rdkn’ jneazn pfny {dy pfdp –{rdkn’

nvo{p{1 Op o{ pzokgnzy nunzy jop d{ {~jpcn d{ pfn gdzmny pzyomh pa nmpokn ya~ ompa pfzaxomh ya~z iamny dxdy

am pfn oira{{ojcn)pa)xom hdin{ dp kdzmoudc{-? O fdun {nnm nuo`nmkn ae iy Kzndpaz om iy coen {a O kdm –pdgn op am edopf’ Fn![fn àn{ nvo{p-42 [konmpo{p{ nvrcdom –{ainpfomh’ ezai mapfomh jy ~{omh pfn rdzpokcn)dmpordzpokcn rdoz kzndpoam dm`

`n{pz~kpoam zn{ram{ojcn eaz pfdp fy`zahnm dpai pfdp o{ {rampdmna~{cy kzndpn` ezai mapfomh nunzy ioccoam

;



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xfnzn ò` dcc pfdp –{p~ee’ kain ezai pfdp nunmp~dccy rar~cdpn` dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae

~mounz{n{1 Om `nenm{n ae {konmkn# O i~{p {dy pfnzn o{ dmapfnz &~mrzaunm/ fyrapfn{o{ pfdp

{dy{ idyjn amkn om d ioccoam yndz{# a~p om pfn nirpomn{{ ae {rdkn# 44 dcc ae d {~``nm d

fy`zahnm dpai o{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh &{nn eaapmapn{ ? % 42/# dm` eaz ma znd{am

xfdp{anunz- [a# oe d {omhcn dpai ae fy`zahnm kdm jn kzndpn` ezai mapfomh nunzy ioccoam

yndz{# idyjn hounm d {~eeokonmpcy camh rnzoa` ae poin# {~eeokonmp id{{ kdm jn kzndpn`

`~zomh pfn ~mounz{n‟{ idmoen{pdpoam ae dm omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp# dm` xfdpnunz kdin

jneazn pfdp- Pfnm {~eeokonmp id{{ iohfp dkk~i~cdpn hounm nma~hf poin pfdp d Joh Jdmh

iohfp akk~z l~{p amkn om pfn papdc nvo{pnmkn ae pfn ~mounz{n dm` xfdpnunz kdin jneazn

pfdp--

Dkkazòmh pa pfo{ pfnazy# pfn kzndpoam ae d fy`zahnm dpai nunzy ioccoam yndz{ jnhommomh

xopf mapfomh ka~c` nunmp~dccy# hounm dja~p 4v42pzoccoam# pzoccoam# pzoccoam# pzoccoam |nzan{

–yndz{#’ kzndpn

nma~hf idpnzodc zn{oòmh om pfo{ omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp pa houn ~{ pfn amn {omhcn

~mounz{n xn gmax- J~p# xn i~{p i~cporcy pfn djaun m~ijnz jy omeomopy pa dkka~mp eaz pfn

znidomomh ~mounz{n{- [a# hounm nma~hf poin# fy`zahnm dpai{ ezai mapfomh rar~cdpn` pfn

omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp ~mpoc amn `dy# amn dpai paa idmy xd{ d``n` pa pfn j~kgnp#

pfnm jaai$ Pfnzn han{ pfn mnohfjazfaa`- Faxnunz# pfn kzndpoam ae &fy`zahnm/ dpai{

ezai mapfomh o{ ynp dmapfnz ~m)rzaudjcn {konmpoeok fyrapfn{o{ xn {fa~c` pdgn am edopf4:

-

O di {pocc fduomh òeeok~cpy xzdrromh iy fnd` dza~m` pfn Joh Jdmh- Xfdp xd{ pfnzn

jneazn pfn Joh Jdmh1 Pfn omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp- Xfdp xd{ pfnzn jneazn pfn

omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp &dm` xnzn ò` op kain ezai1/ [konmkn {dy{ pfnzn xd{ mapfomh-

Dj{ac~pncy mapfomh- Ma {rdkn# ma poin# ma idppnz# ma m~pfom-4; J~p# pfnzn fd` pa jn

yndz{- [konmpo{p{ fdun edocn` pa `npnkp pfn {rampdmna~{ kzndpoam ae d rdzpokcn)dmpo)rdzpokcn rdoz om idmy yndz{ae pzyomh- _np dmapfnz ~m)rzaudjcn {konmpoeok fyrapfn{o{-44 Xncc# pfnzn zndccy o{ map {~kf pfomh d{ –nirpy’ {rdkn-4: Dkp~dccy# {konmkn fd{ ~{ pdgomh pfomh{ –am edopf’ i~kf# i~kf iazn pfdm zncohoam- O{m‟p pfdp nmcohfpnmomh14; Nvknrp {konmkn e~`hn{ l~{p d coppcn dm` {dy{ pfn Joh Jdmh dkp~dccy {pdzpn` ezai pfdp omeomopn{oidccy {idcc

raomp kairzo{n` ae t~d`)pzoccoam ~ram t~d`)pzoccoam pam{ ae# n{{nmpodccy# fy`zahnm- Ncoiomdpn{ pfn mnn` pa

jnconun –{ainpfomh ezai mapfomh’- Pfnzn xa~c` jn d hzduopdpoamdc eonc` d{{akodpn` xopf pfn omeomopn{oidccy

{idcc raomp- Pfn hzduopdpoamdc eonc` xa~c` jn f~hn {omkn nunzypfomh nvo{pomh om pfn ~mounz{n pa`dy xa~c` jn

d{{akodpn` xopf pfdp {idcc raomp- Dkkazòmh pa Nom{pnom# dmy hzduopdpoamdc eonc` i~{p fdun {rdkn dm` poin

d{{akodpn` xopf op {omkn d hzduopdpoamdc eonc` o{ d –{rdkn)poin edjzok’- [a# pfn t~n{poam jnhhomh pa jn d{gn`#

0



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


{ainpfomh jneazn pfn Joh Jdmh- Nunzy {nm{n O ra{{n{{ pncc{ in pfnzn fd` pa jn {ainpfomh#

eaz mapfomh rc~{ mapfomh nt~dc{ mapfomh# ynp pfnzn o{ {ainpfomh max# {a pfnzn fd` pa jn

{ainpfomh jneazn- Xdop d iom~pn- Dcamh kain{ [pnrfnm Fdxgomh- Om Pfn Hzdm` @n{ohm#

fn kcdoi{ pfn Cdx Ae Hzduopy nvo{pn` jneazn pfnzn xd{ pfn omeomopn{oidccy {idcc raomp- O

xocc {rndg pa pfo{ {~jlnkp cdpnz-

Xn gmax {konmkn kdmmap kzndpn {ainpfomh ezai mapfomh- Pfnzneazn# pfny xocc mnunz jn

djcn pa –rzaun’ Pfn Joh Jdmh Pfnazy# {a pfn {konmpo{p{ nvrnkp dcc ae ~{ cn{{nz f~idm{

&`nzahdpouncy gmaxm d{ rnn)jzdom{ pa pfn ncopo{p{/ pa dkknrp xfdp pfny {dy d{ edkp dm` map

t~n{poam pfnoz znd{amomh7 pa pdgn nunzypfomh pfny {dy am –edopf’- Pfny nvrnkp ~{ pa dkknrp

op d{ edkp jnkd~{n pfny dzn n`~kdpn` dm` gmax xfdp pfny dzn pdcgomh dja~p# j~p xn cn{{nz

iazpdc{ &dp cnd{p in dm` amn apfnz enccax O gmax/ dzn map- Op o{ dm dzh~inmp O kdmmap

{xdccax dm` òhn{p- Xfdp o{ cnep pa jnconun om1 Kfaokn m~ijnz :-

xfnzn ò` pfn {idcc raomp dm` pfdp pzninmà~{cy f~hn id{{ ae fy`zahnm &az xfdpnunz/ om{o`n op kain ezai1

[konmpo{p{ kdmmap dm{xnz pfdp fdz` t~n{poam# nvknrp pa {dy# fy`zahnm hd{ ninzhn{ ezai mapfomh- _n{# O

gmax O di jn)cdjazomh pfn raomp- Op o{ rnzfdr{ pfn ia{p oirazpdmp raomp om pfn xfacn {konmpoeok fa~{n ae

kdz`{-

>



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Ha` O{ D @nc~{oam1

Om Pfn Ha` @nc~{oam &:225/ Jzopo{f joacaho{p Zokfdz` @dxgom{# d rzaen{{azodc enccax ae

Mnx Kaccnhn# Aveaz`# dm` pfn omd~h~zdc fac`nz ae pfn Kfdzcn{ [oiamyo Kfdoz eaz pfn

R~jcok ^m`nz{pdmòmh ae [konmkn dp pfn ^mounz{opy ae Aveaz`40

# kampnm`{ pfdp d

{~rnzmdp~zdc kzndpaz knzpdomcy àn{ map nvo{p dm` pfnzneazn pfn jncone om d rnz{amdc ha`

t~dcoeon{ d{ d `nc~{oam- Fn `neomn{ `nc~{oam d{ d rnz{o{pnmp edc{n jncone fnc` om pfn edkn ae

{pzamh kampzdòkpazy nuo`nmkn- @dxgom{ dhznn{ xopf Zajnzp Roz{oh({ aj{nzudpoam om Cocd

pfdp *xfnm amn rnz{am {~eenz{ ezai d `nc~{oam op o{ kdccn` om{dmopy- Xfnm idmy rnarcn

{~eenz ezai d `nc~{oam op o{ kdccn` zncohoam-*

D{{~iomh dm d~pfazopdpoun pamn# @dxgom{ dzzahdmpcy ohmazn{ fo{ axm `nc~{oam{# o-n- fo{

jncone {konmkn o{ omedccojcn dm` Pfn Joh Jdmh zndccy ò` fdrrnm dm` op xd{ pfn jnhommomh

ae kzndpoam# d{ fn pfzax{ jdzj depnz jdzj dp zncohoam om Pfn Ha` @nc~{oam- _np# Pfn Joh

Jdmh fyrapfn{o{# cogn d Kzndpaz fyrapfn{o{# o{ d fyrapfn{o{ ~mrzaunm- Pfnzneazn# ~{omh

@dxgom{ axm znd{amomh# amn kdmmap fncr j~p zndkf pfn kamkc~{oam @dxgom{# xfa

jnconun{ om pfn Joh Jdmh pfnazy dm` dcc idmmnz ae apfnz {konmpoeok –edkp{#’ {~kf d{

@dzxom‟{ Pfnazy ae Nuac~poam# o{ `nc~{oamdc dm` dcc rzaen{{az{# {konmpo{p{# dm` apfnz

cndzmn` inm# dm` xainm# ae {oiocdz kcapf# dzn {~eenzomh ezai d `nc~{oam kdccn` {konmkn-

@am‟p hnp in xzamh ‛ O di map dm dùakdpn eaz ia`nzm zncohoam dm` O à jnconun {konmkn

o{ ~{ne~c- Faxnunz# O znkahmo|n japf zncohoam‟{ {fazpkaiomh{# dm` {konmkn‟{ {fazpkaiomh{-

E~zpfnziazn# O zndco|n oe zncohoam àn{ map kfdmhn# op xocc jnkain d {akodc òma{d~z# d zncok

ezai f~idmgom`‟{ rd{p- O àm‟p indm zncohoam i~{p kfdmhn om e~m`dinmpdc jncone{# o-n-

Ha`# Kfzo{p# zohfp# xzamh# dm` pfn jd{ok haa`mn{{ ae f~idmgom`- J~p# oe op àn{ map

kfdmhn xopf zn{rnkp pa xfdp xn fdun ò{kaunzn` dja~p a~z xazc` dm` houn znkahmopoam pa

40 Xfnx$ Pfdp xd{ d ia~pfe~c# nf1 Ma xam`nz fn pfomg{ fn o{ jnppnz pfdm nunzyamn nc{n- O {~rra{n O xa~c`#

dc{a oe O fd` {~kf dm oirzn{{oun {ainpfomh depnz iy mdin-

5



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


edkp{ xfnzn omkampzaunzpojcn edkp{ nvo{p4># pfnm op xocc kampom~n pa idzhomdco|n rnarcn ~mpoc

op o{ ma camhnz dm neenkpoun {akodc eazkn- Op xocc hzd`~dccy xocp dxdy d{ dm azhdmo|n` {akodc

eazkn xopf dmy kca~p om f~idm nm`nduaz-

Dm nvdircn xfnzn {konmkn pz~ir{ zncohoam o{ pfn dhn ae pfn rcdmnp- Pfn ndzpf xd{ map

kzndpn` >#222 yndz{ dha- Rnzoa`- Houn ~r pfn dzh~inmp- Op o{ agdy pa pfomg pfn ~mounz{n

xd{ kzndpn` 4: joccoam45

yndz{ dha dm` pfn ndzpf xd{ {~j{nt~nmpcy kzndpn` dja~p 0)>

joccoam yndz{ dha- Idyjn op xd{# dm` idyjn op xd{m‟p# j~p dzh~omh xopf pfn {konmpo{p{ aunz

nvdkpcy xfnm pfn ndzpf xd{ kzndpn` `npzdkp{ ezai pfn e~m`dinmpdc in{{dhn{ zncohoam

{fa~c` jn kamunyomh- [dun pfn nmnzhy eaz i~kf iazn oirazpdmp o{{~n{# {~kf d{ aunz)

rar~cdpoam48

dm` pfn `nkcomomh {pdm`dz` ae couomh dza~m` pfn xazc` &xfokf xocc {aam cnd`

pa id{{oun f~idm {~eenzomh am d {kdcn edz nvknnòmh rd{p f~idm {~eenzomh/-

4>

Op paag idmy yndz{ jneazn Pfn Kf~zkf eomdccy znkahmo|n` pfn ndzpf xd{ map pfn knmpnz ae pfn ~mounz{n dm`pfn rcdmnp xd{ amn ae {nunzdc kozkcomh dza~m` dm ~moirazpdmp {pdz om pfn io`{p ae joccoam{ ae {oiocdz {pdz{- Op

{nni{ Pfn Kf~zkf dm` apfnz zncohoam{ xa~c` fdun cndzmn` {ainpfomh ezai pfdp nvrnzonmkn j~p# oe pfny ò`

pfny à map {nni pa fdun znpdomn` pfn cn{{am om pfnoz kaccnkpoun iniazy-45 [nn rznuoa~{ eaapmapn znhdzòmh o{{~n{ xopf `dpomh pfn dhn ae pfn Joh Jdmh!~mounz{n-48

Xfnm dzn pfn Kdpfacok{ om Invoka dm` apfnz [rdmo{f){rndgomh ka~mpzon{ haomh pa hnp op ompa pfnoz fnd`

fduomh 42)4? kfoc`znm pa`dy o{ map d kncnjzdpoam ae jnomh Kfzo{podm dm` Kdpfacok< jnomh ez~ope~c dm`

i~cporcyomh1 Op o{ d kncnjzdpoam ae pfn `ndpf ae pfn f~idm zdkn# d Idcpf~{odm kdpd{pzarfn# d `ndpf {nmpnmkn

eaz pfn cdpn# hzndp rcdmnp ndzpf- [din kdm jn {do` eaz I~{coi{ dm` Fom`~{ dm` dmy apfnz{ xfa xdmp

~mcoiopn` m~ijnz{ ae kfoc`znm# {~kf d{ AkpaIai dm` IazamIai-

8



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


@an{ Ha` Nvo{p1

D k~zznmp o`nd z~mmomh di~kg diamh pfn haa` cndzmn` inm dm` xainm ae pfn xazc`kamknzm{ f~idm nuac~poam dm` a~z `n{knmp ezai òma{d~z{# az eo{f# az iamgny{# az

dianjd)cogn kzndp~zn{# az xfdpnunz- Xfnm O pfomg ae {ain rnarcn O fdun inp om pfn rd{p# O

pnm` pa pfomg xn dzn `n{knm`n` ezai pad`{ ‛ iamgny{ xa~c` jn d {pnr ~r eaz {ain- O{m‟p

pfdp zohfp Cdzzy Xoccodi{1 &[azzy# O eazhap ya~ kdmmap znd`-/ J~p# op o{ pfa~hfp xn rd{{n`

pfza~hf iamgny dm` drn)cogn kzndp~zn{ d{ xn jnkdin f~idm dm` dcc ia`nzm f~idm{ dzn

a~p)ae)Dezokd- _a~ gmax# @dzxom‟{ Pfnazy ae Nuac~poam ae Nunzypfomh Nvknrp Zakg{

&dcpfa~hf {konmpo{p{ fdun jnnm gmaxm pa drrcy @dzxom‟{ pfnazy {ncnkpouncy# nunm pa zakg{#

dm` n{rnkodccy xopf zn{rnkp pa pfn k~zznmp kaccnkpoam ae f~idm zdkn{-/

Pfnm pfnzn dzn pfnazon{ znhdzòmh pfn mdp~zn ae pfn ~mounz{n op{nce dm` pfn ncninmpdzy

rdzpokcn{ xfokf kairzo{n pfn ~mounz{n< t~dzg{# cnrpam{# dm` pd~ mn~pzoma{# hc~am{# x % |

ja{am{# rfapam{# Fohh{ ja{am{# dm` hzduopam{ &{pdm`dz` ia`nc/7 {pzomh{# jzdmn{# dm`

hzduopam{ &{pzomh pfnazy/ dm` apfnz{ ezai d`òpoamdc pfnazon{ omkc~òmh rznam{ dm`

dkkncnzam{- Pfnzn dzn ka~mpnzrdzp{ om pfn f~idm rdmpfnam pa {ain ae pfn{n e~m`dinmpdc

rfy{okdc rdzpokcn{< pfny dzn kdccn` hnng{# iazam{ dm` padòn{ &ea~m` om {konmkn cdj{#

~mounz{opy fdccxdy{# dm` ka~mpzy kc~j{-/ &pamh~n)om)kfnng/-

Pfn xazc`‟{ zncohoa~{ cnd`nz{ xd{pn ka~mpcn{{ yndz{ dzh~omh xopf pfn{n o`nd{# kcdoiomh

{omkn f~idm{ dzn id`n om pfn oidhn ae Ha`# xn kdmmap ra{{ojcy jn `n{knm`n` ezai

iamgny{ dm` nunm ndzconz kzndp~zn{# {~kf d{ pfn kznnry)kzdxcy pfomhy pfomh{ pfdp r~ccn`

pfni{ncun{ a~p ae pfn rzoiazòdc i~kg# `nuncarn` c~mh{ dm` cnh{# dm` {np dja~p j~ocòmh

dm` {nccomh fain{ am aunz)rzokn` zdmkf n{pdpn{ om Dzo|amd# Mnud`d# dm` nc{nxfnzn- _np#

pfn {konmpo{p{ r~cc a~p pfn zn{~cp{ ae pfnoz @MD {p~òn{ dm` kcdoi nunzy couomh pfomh am pfn

rcdmnp {fdzn{ i~kf ae pfn {din @MD- [nni{ cogn d xd{pn ae nmnzhy dzh~omh xopf

{konmpo{p{ xfnm pfny dzn iazn# az cn{{# zohfp-

6



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xfdp o{ xzamh xopf {fdzomh {ain ae pfn {din @MD xopf d xazi# az d pznn1 Oe d eazi~cd#

az znkorn xazg{# xfy map ~{n op pa xazg iazn ae pfn {din gom` ae idzunca~{ idhok1 Xfy

àn{ nunzy pfomh fdun pa jn {a òeenznmp ezai nunzypfomh nc{n pfdp dp pfn nvpznin coiop{ ae

pfn {~j)iokza{karok cnunc# pfn òeenznmkn xa~c` jn {a hzndp d{ pa rznkc~`n pfn zn)~{n ae

kaiiam j~ocòmh jcakg{1 Oe d Kzndpaz àn{ nvo{p# dm` pfn Kzndpaz o{ {idzp &{idzpnz pfdm

in eaz knzpdom dm` rzajdjcy {idzpnz pfdm pfn {konmpo{p{ dm` rzajdjcy nunm {idzpnz pfdm

ya~/# amn xa~c` pfomg pfn Kzndpaz xa~c` ~{n kaiiam j~ocòmh jcakg{- Op o{ pfn GO[[

rzomkorcn ‛ gnnr op {oircn# {p~ro` ) dp xazg dm` rcdy om pfn `n{ohm dm` nuac~poam ae

nunzypfomh- Oe {ainpfomh xazg{ eaz amn pfomh# pfnm ~{n op eaz {ainpfomh nc{n# oe

drrzarzodpn- [nm{ojcn- Nzha# xfnm f~idm{ jnkdin kcnunz nma~hf pa omunmp iokza{karn{

dm` {pdzpn` caagomh dp pfn kam{pz~kpoam ae omòuo`~dc kncc{# pfny xa~c` {nn d kaiiam

rdppnzm znrndpn` om nunzy pfomh pfny nvdiomn`- [nni{ znd{amdjcn pa in pa jnconun d

Kzndpaz xa~c` jn pfdp kcnunz- Xfdp dja~p ya~1 Pfomg pfn Kzndpaz o{ kcnunz# az l~{p rcdom

{p~ro`1

L~{p d{ {konmkn àn{ map fdun d rzajcni dkknrpomh pfomh{ op kdmmap nvrcdom# {~kf d{ pfn

Joh Jdmh Pfnazy# zncohoam kdm dc{a dkknrp mnx o`nd{ op kdmmap nvrcdom# j~p {nni

znd{amdjcn pa pfn dunzdhn rnz{am- O`nd{ {~kf d{ d Ha`!Kzndpaz xfa o{ nunm iazn

zn{a~zkne~c pfdm pfn dmkonmp{ yn{pnz`dy dm` {konmpo{p{ pa`dy oidhomn`- Pfdp o{ iy

Ha`!Kzndpaz dm` O di {pokgomh xopf Foi!Fnz-

@dxgom{ {rnm`{ d kam{o`nzdjcn razpoam ae fo{ jaag ò{k~{{omh dm` pzyomh pa rzaun d

rnz{amdc Ha`!Kzndpaz àn{ map# dm` kdmmap# nvo{p- Fn r~p{ eazpf fo{ dzh~inmp{ ~{omh pfn

jn{p {konmpoeok cahok dm` znd{amomh# {rzomgcn` fnzn dm` pfnzn xopf d à{n ae {nniomhcy

ecdxcn{{ rfoca{arfy- O kdmmap dzh~n {ain ae fo{ raomp{# eaz O à map jnconun iy rnz{amdc

Kzndpaz {rnm`{ Fo{!Fnz `dy xdpkfomh aunz in dm` gnnromh in ezai fdzi‟{ xdy nunzy

xdgomh iainmp ae iy coen- Maz à O jnconun iy Kzndpaz houn{ `ndpf {nmpnmkn{ pa kfoc`znm

dm` d`~cp{ om pfn eazi ae omk~zdjcn kdmknz{# az ò{nd{n- Iy Kzndpaz àn{ map r~mo{f

rnarcn eaz –{om{’ jy idgomh pfni occ# az goccomh pfni om fazznmà~{ kdz kzd{fn{-

?



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Idmy pfomh{ om pfo{ xazc` dzn l~{p d m~ijnz{ hdin< {ain rnarcn dzn haomh pa hnp zokf#

{ain rnarcn dzn haomh pa hnp kdmknz- Am dmy hounm `dy# {ain rnarcn dzn haomh pa òn#

{ain rnarcn dzn haomh pa coun- Om pfn nunzy`dy kacco{oam ae iacnk~cn{ dm` nunmp{# op o{ l~{p

d m~ijnz{ hdin xfa xocc hnp xfdp dm` xfnm- O à map jnconun Ha` fd{ d @ouomn Fdm`

azkfn{pzdpomh nunzy pfomh pfdp fdrrnm{ am pfo{ rcdmnp- Hnn|‥xfnm xa~c` Fn![fn46 nunz

fdun poin pa znd` n{{dy{ {~kf d{ pfo{ amn1

Iy Kzndpaz o{ map azkfn{pzdpomh nunzypfomh pfdp han{ am# omkc~òmh nunzy `nko{oam nunzy

f~idm idgn{- Iy rnz{amdc Kzndpaz o{ map pfdp rnz{amdc- Iy Kzndpaz kzndpn` pfn ~mounz{n#

{nppomh ~r pfn omopodc kamòpoam{ om pfn ~mounz{n xfokf nunmp~dccy hdun ~{ d jnd~poe~c

rcdmnp pa `n{pzay- Pfdp o{ dcc pfn Kzndpaz ò` ‛ {np ~r pfn omopodc kamòpoam{ xfokf dccaxn`

~{ pa nvo{p dm` gocc ndkf apfnz pfza~hf a~z axm id` `nuokn{- J~p# pfdp àn{ map indm pfn

Kzndpaz àn{ map kdzn-

O jnconun iy Kzndpaz ò` dp poin{# dm` {pocc àn{# kaii~mokdpn xopf omòuo`~dc f~idm{#

pzyomh uod Fo{!Fnz kaii~mokdpoam{ pa jnm` a~z ndz dm` pf~{ {pnnz ~{ om pfn òznkpoam xn

mnn` pa ha- O jnconun om pfo{ idmmnz# oe xn co{pnm# xn kdm fdun d rnz{amdc Ha` pa pfn nvpnmp

xn fnn` haa` dùokn- O à jnconun iy Kzndpaz kzndpn` Ln{~{ ae Md|dznpf pa jn d

in{{nmhnz eaz dcc f~idmgom`‟{ jnmneop-

[rndgomh dja~p Ln{~{# xd{ Ln{~{ ae d uozhom jozpf1 O àm‟p gmax dm` d{ edz d{ O di

kamknzmn`# op àn{ map idppnz# eaz znhdz`cn{{ ae pfn kozk~i{pdmkn{ ae Ln{~{ jozpf# fo{

in{{dhn eaz f~idmgom` o{ l~{p d{ oirazpdmp- Xfdp àn{ idppnz o{ fndzomh Ln{~{‟ in{{dhn

dm` idgomh pfn zohfp `nko{oam{ eaz iy coen- Dm` O fdun pzon` pa fnn` fo{ in{{dhn dm` coun

d coen fn xa~c` drrzaun ae &ia{p ae pfn poin# dmyxdy-/

46 O jnconun pfn Kzndpaz o{ hnm`nz mn~pzdc- Mnn` pa pfomg ae d haa` rzama~m eaz {~kf d Kzndpaz pfdp o{

indmomhe~c xopfa~p kamunyomh d {nm{n ae hnm`nz-

42



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xfa Kzndpn` Pfn Kzndpaz1

Amn ompnzn{pomh dzh~inmp @dxgom{ idgn{ eaz pfn mam)nvo{pnmkn ae d Kzndpaz< oe pfnzn o{ dKzndpaz# pfnm xfa kzndpn` pfn Kzndpaz1 @dxgom{ fd{ pa~kfn` ~ram d {~jlnkp O fdun

kampnircdpn` eaz idmy yndz{- O àm‟p fdun d –rzaudjcn’ dm{xnz zohfp max# j~p O iohfp

amn `dy# oe O gnnr {p~`yomh pfn t~n{poam- J~p# dm ~m)rzaudjcn fyrapfn{o{ kain{ pa iom`<

Fn![fn xd{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh om d Joh Jdmh)cogn nunmp- Xfokf o{ nd{onz pa jnconun# dm

omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ xopf pzoccoam{ ~ram pzoccoam{ ~ram pzoccoam{ ae pam{ ae idpnzodc

&i~cporcon` jy omeomopy/ xd{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh om d Joh Jdmh nunmp# az d {omhcn

{~rznin Kzndpaz xd{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh om d Joh Jdmh)cogn nunmp1

[konmpo{p{ dzn eam` ae t~apomh Akkdi‟{ Zd|az-4? Akkdi‟{ Zd|az {pdpn{# –Nmpopon{ i~{p

map jn i~cporcon` jnyam` mnkn{{opy-’ Op o{ ~{~dccy ompnzrznpn` jy {konmpo{p{ pa indm pfn

{oircn{p nvrcdmdpoam o{ ~{~dccy pfn kazznkp amn- Xncc1 Xfokf o{ {oircnz# d [~rznin Jnomh

ezai d Joh Jdmh# az dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae f~hn ~mounz{n{ e~cc ae ~mpac` òeenzomh

–pfomh{1’ D [~rznin Jnomh# ae ka~z{n- I~kf {oircnz- [a# pa @dxgom{ t~n{poam# –Xfa

kzndpn` pfn Kzndpaz1’# xn dm{xnz< fo{ Joh Jdmh- Mokn pa~kf# nf1 <///

Iy rnz{amdc Kzndpaz àn{ kdzn dja~p pfn ~mounz{n# pfn rcdmnp Ndzpf# dm` dcc f~idmgom`-

J~p# O jnconun om eznn xocc dm` O pfomg {konmkn fd{ rzaun` eznn xocc nvo{p{ uod d e~m`dinmpdc

inkfdmo{i gmaxm d{ pfn Fno{nmjnzh ^mknzpdompy Rzomkorcn ) pfn drrcn ae pnirpdpoam# {a

pa {rndg# j~p am dm dpaiok cnunc- _a~ {nn# oe zncohoam xa~c` l~{p co{pnm xopf dm arnm iom`#

op xa~c` ò{kaunz {ainpfomh ed{komdpomh dja~p {konmkn ‛ {caxcy {konmkn o{ rzauomh

nunzypfomh {do` om pfn Jojcn dja~p pfn Kzndpaz-

[konmkn fd{ rznppy i~kf rzaun` uod @MD pn{pomh pfnzn xd{ dm D`di dm` dm Nun# dcjnop

dja~p 4>2#222 yndz{:2

ndzconz pfdm e~m`dinmpdco{p{ kcdoi# dm` map mnkn{{dzocy couomh dp pfn

4? Pfny dzn dc{a eam` ae t~apomh d i~cpop~`n ae apfnz pfomh{ oe pfny pfomg op xocc j~ppzn{{ xfdpnunz dzh~inmp

pfny dzn idgomh-:2 D znknmp {konmpoeok {p~`y ~{omh pfn nuac~poam ae fnd` dm` ja`y cokn fd{ romraompn` dja~p 4>2#222 yndz{

dha xfnm f~idm{ jnhdm xndzomh ja`y kaunzomh{ xn iohfp n~rfnio{pokdccy kdcc –kcapfn{-’ Dc{a# dja~p

44



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


{din poin &fdz` pa oidhomn# nf1/- _a~ gmax# pfn e~m`dinmpdco{p{ kcdoi pfn ndzpf o{ amcy

>#222 yndz{ ac`# {a D`di dm` Nun dzn >#222 yndz{ ac` iom~{ 5 `dy{ &{omkn Ha` kzndpn`

D`di dm` Nun am pfn {ovpf `dy/- [ainfax# pfny znd` pfn Jojcn dm` kain ~r xopf pfo{

eoh~zn- _np# @MD pn{p zn{~cp{ {fax xn dcc kain ezai pfn {din xaidm xfa coun`

drrzavoidpncy 4:>#222 yndz{ dha dm` pfn {din idm xfa coun` dja~p 4>2#222 yndz{ dha-

Oidhomn pfdp- O di agdy xopf pfo{ –D`di dm` Nun’ {pazy-

E~zpfnziazn# znknmp {p~òn{ omòkdpn d map)paa)ò{pdmp hcajdc kdpd{pzarfn goccn` aee dcia{p

dcc f~idm{# cnduomh amcy dja~p :#222 {~zuouaz{- Ompnzn{pomh# nf1 Xn dcia{p jnkdin dm

nvpomkp {rnkon{ {nunzdc f~m`zn` pfa~{dm` yndz{ dha- Caag dp ~{ max# idgomh jdjon{ ed{pnz

pfdm xn kdm `nuncar eaa` zn{a~zkn{ eaz pfn f~mhzy ia~pf{- Xfdp xocc jnkain ae ~{1

Dzidhn`àm1 _a~ hap op$ J~p map mnkn{{dzocy d eomdc xdz om pfn Io``cn Nd{p gom` ae

Dzidhn`àm# j~p rzajdjcy znhoamdc xdz{ pfza~hfa~p pfn xazc` d{ cdzhn ka~mpzon{ {pdzp

pzyomh pa i~{kcn om am pfnoz mnohfjaz{# goccomh ioccoam{ d{ pfn iazn raxnze~c pdgn dxdy

ezai pfn xndgnz om az`nz pa enn` pfnoz j~zhnamomh f~idm rar~cdpoam ezai `xom`comh

zn{a~zkn{-

O kdm {nn pfn ^-[- idzkfomh ezai Pnvd{ pa [a~pf Dinzokd amn `dy om pfn `n{rnzdpn

dppnirp pa kdrp~zn nma~hf eaa` zn{nzun{# oe xn fdun map jnnm omud`n` eoz{p- @o{p~zjomh

oidhn# nf1 Op xam‟p jn ò{p~zjomh xfnm ya~ dzn f~mhzy dm` xdmp pa ndp- Om dmy kd{n#

fo{pazy o{ zoen xopf aunz)rar~cdpoam{ ae udzyomh gom`{ {nce)kazznkpomh uod kdpd{pzarfok

kampzac inkfdmo{i{- O àm‟p pfomg xn xocc dcc idzkf àxm pa pfn {nd nm id{{n dm` `zaxm

a~z{ncun{ cogn pfn cniiomh- J~p pfnzn o{ ma à~jp om iy iom`# pfn m~ijnz{ {fax pfn

rcdmnp kdmmap {~rrazp pfn nvrnkpn` f~idm rar~cdpoam {o|n om dmapfnz :2)02 yndz{- [ain

4>2#222 yndz{ dha pfnzn xd{ dm nvpomkpoam nunmp dm` op o{ jnconun` amcy dja~p :#222 f~idm{ coun` pfza~hf

pfn kdpd{pzarfok poin- Ompnzn{pomh pfdp dcc pfznn nunmp{ ‛ D`di# Nun# nvpomkpoam nunmp# dm` pfn jnhommomh ae

kcapfn{ ) kamunzhn am dja~p 4>2#222 yndz{ dha- Eaz op o{ `npnziomn` jy {p~`yomh pfn nuac~poam ae kzdj cokn#

f~idm{ ca{p pfnoz ja`y fdoz &pfnoz iamgny fdoz/ {nunzdc ioccoam yndz{ dha- Xfy ò` xn map jnhom xndzomh

–kcapfn{’ pfnm1

4:



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


rzajdjcy ~mnvrnkpn`# inkfdmo{i xocc jn ~mcnd{fn`:4 pfdp xocc kazznkp pfn rar~cdpoam {o|n

dm` O àm‟p pfomg pfn rzakn{{# az pfn nm` zn{~cp# xocc jn rznppy-

O pfomg zncohoam fd{ dm ajcohdpoam pa op{ d`fnznmp{ pa {rndg pfn rcdom pz~pf- Pfn Jojcn àn{

map fdun d iamaracy am pz~pf- J~p# mnopfnz àn{ {konmkn- O pfomg pfnzn dzn knzpdom –{nkp{’

xopfom azhdmo|n` zncohoam xfa {nn pfnoz &eomdmkodc/ ompnzn{p{ con om pzyomh pa t~ncc

gmaxcn`hn dm` gnnr pfnoz iomoam{ om d {pdpn ae ohmazdmkn- E~m`dinmpdco{p{ dzn haa` dp

drrndcomh pa pfn caxn{p kaiiam `nmaiomdpaz diamh pfa{n xfa xdmp pa jnconun om d

Kzndpaz# pfnm ~{omh pfnoz omec~nmkn dm` raxnz pa idmor~cdpn pfnoz ecakg ompa {pdyomh xopfom

pfn eac` ~{omh t~n{poamdjcn pnkfmot~n{# {~kf d{ jzdom)xd{fomh dm` rzardhdm`d- Om{pnd` ae

~{omh dcc pfdp nmnzhy pa kamuomkn pfnoz d`fnznmp{ pfn xazc` xd{ kzndpn` amcy >#222 yndz{

dha# xa~c` op map jn {oircnz pa l~{p dìop pfn xazc` xd{ map kzndpn` >#222 yndz{ dha dm`

iaun am pa {ainpfomh iazn oirazpdmp1 Cogn pzyomh pa {dun a~z rcdmnp jneazn pfn raomp ae

ma znp~zm o{ zndkfn`1

Xncc# pfny ennc oe pfny dìoppn` d{ i~kf# pfnm pfn xfacn Jojcn jnkain{ t~n{poamdjcn- Hnp

aunz op$ F~idmgom` fd{ jnnm t~n{poamomh pfn Jojcn {omkn pfn eoz{p xaz`{ xnzn xzoppnm-

T~n{poam pfn Jojcn dcc ya~ xdmp- Op o{ map pfn Jojcn pfdp idgn{ pfn Kzndpaz# az pfn f~idm-

Op o{ xfdp o{ om a~z fndzp{< xfdp xn ennc dm` jnconun# dm` xfdp xn à- Pfdp o{ pfn zndc

idmoen{pdpoam ae pfn Kzndpaz am rcdmnp ndzpf# map xaz`{ om d jaag-

:4 Idyjn {ain mnx uoz~cnmp duodm uoz~{1 Iazn cogncy# {idccrav xocc n{kdrn amn ae pfn cd{p pxa ud~cp{ op o{

kampdomn` om- Xopf ?2. ae pfn rar~cdpoam {~{knrpojcn pa pfn uoz~{# pfn `ndpf ae joccoam{ om d idppnz ae amn)

pfznn iampf{ xocc knzpdomcy jn kdpd{pzarfok-

4;



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xfnzn @a Xn Zndccy Kain Ezai1

[a# xfnzn ò` xn kain ezai# zndccy1 Dm` xfy à xn nvo{p1 Znhdzòmh k~zznmp {konmpoeokpfnazon{# pfnzn o{ d {kfaac ae jnconunz{ xfa pfomg pfnzn dzn dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{

nvo{pomh dp pfo{ unzy iainmp- Pfo{ {kfaac ae pfa~hfp jnconun{ om pfo{ omeomopn dzzdmhninmp

ae ~mounz{n{# nunzy idpfnidpokdccy kamknoudjcn dzzdmhninmp ae idppnz xocc nvo{p-

Pfnzneazn# op o{ amcy d m~ijnz{ hdin< d unzy {idcc m~ijnz ae pfn{n omeomopn m~ijnz ae

~mounz{n{ xocc jn dzzdmhn` {~kf pa rzauo`n pfn zohfp kamòpoam{ eaz rzoiopoun eazi{ ae coen

pa fdun d kfdmkn pa kain ompa nvo{pnmkn pfnm nuacun ompa iazn kaircnv azhdmo{i{

nunmp~dccy zn{~cpomh om ya~ dm` O::- [omkn xn nvo{p# op o{ rzaae xn coun om pfn ~mounz{n pfdp

fd{ pfn zohfp kamòpoam{ eaz coen pa kain ompa nvo{pnmkn- Xn dzn pfn –rzaae ae pfn

r~`òmh#’ {a pa {rndg :;- Oe xn ò` map nvo{p# pfnm op xa~c` jn rzaae pfo{ ~mounz{n àn{ map

fdun pfn zohfp kamòpoam{ eaz coen pa nvo{p- Lnn|‥oidhomn pfdp$

Fax à ya~ cogn pfo{ o`nd1 Dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ om az`nz pa hnp l~{p d ka~rcn ‛

idyjn amcy amn ) xopf pfn zohfp kamòpoam{ eaz coen pa zo{n ezai pfn ncninmp{ ae pfn {nd &az

ezai d inpnazopn# az xfnznunz/ dm` nuacun ompa xdcgomh# pdcgomh# rcdmnp)`n{pzayomh

f~idm{- Dcc O fdun pa {dy pa {~kf pfnazo|omh o{# Akkdi‟{ Zd|az- Akkdi‟{ Zd|az `n{pzay{

pfn o`nd ae dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ nvo{pomh nopfnz dp pfn {din poin &rdzdccnc

~mounz{n{/# az amn dp d poin &{nzodc ~mounz{n{/# om az`nz pa fdun amn ~mounz{n xopf ~{ pdgomh

pfn rcdmnp drdzp- Akkdi‟{ Zd|az dccax{ amcy amn ~mounz{n pa nvo{p dp d poin dm` op o{ a~z

~mounz{n pfdp nvo{p{ max-

Xfnzn à O pfomg xn kain ezai dm` xfy xn nvo{p1 O jnconun f~idm{ dzn cogn d

kfoirdm|nn:0

om d fa~{n- Pfn iamgny kdm {pdm` dp pfn xomàx xdpkfomh pfn {rzomh zdom

:: Pfomg dja~p pfo{ rzaea~m` pfa~hfp eaz d iainmp< ya~ dzn pfn zn{~cp ae dm ~mjzagnm kfdom ae {~kkn{{e~c

znrza`~kpoam zndkfomh jdkg aunz : joccoam yndz{ dha- Did|omh pfa~hfp# nf1 Oidhomn dcc pfn `nd` nm`{

zn{~cpomh ezai ~m{~kkn{{e~c znrza`~kpoam `~zomh pfdp poin rnzoa`- Idyjn pzoccoam{ ~ram pzoccoam{ ae `nd`

nm`{-:; Dkp~dccy# op o{ d zoòk~ca~{ {konmpoeok ra{p~cdpoam# j~p amn pfdp o{ fnc` `ndz jy pfn nmcohfpnmn` amn{-:0 O `ncojnzdpncy kfaa{n d kfoirdm|nn jnkd~{n pfny fdun jnnm {faxm pa jn ompnccohnmp dm` fdun jnnm pd~hfp

pa kaii~mokdpn xopf f~idm{ uod {ohm cdmh~dhn-

40



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


edcc a~p{o`n dm` ~m`nz{pdm` pfn zaae gnnr{ pfn zdom aee fo{ fnd`- Fn kdm {pdm` dp pfn

xomàx om pfn xompnz xdpkfomh pfn {max edcc a~p{o`n dm` ~m`nz{pdm` fn o{ xdzi dm` `zy#

dm` {oiocdzcy# kaac dm` `zy om pfn {~iinz- Faxnunz# pfn iamgny fd{ ma kamknrp ae fax

dm` xfy pfn fa~{n xd{ j~ocp# nunm xfnm xdpkfomh d fa~{n jnomh j~ocp mnvp àaz- &Mapn

pfn {oiocdzopy pa ~{ couomh am pfn rcdmnp dm` hd|omh pfza~hf a~z pncn{karn{ dp ò{pdmp {pdz

m~z{nzon{ jozpfomh mnx {pdz{ jy pfn pfa~{dm`{-/

Oidhomn {~kf d iamgny {oppomh om pfn nd{y kfdoz jneazn pfn eoznrcdkn amn kac`# xompnz

nunmomh {pdzomh ompa pfn eozn- Fn o{ pfnazo|omh dja~p pfn pfomh{ fn àn{ fdun {ain {idcc

~m`nz{pdmòmh ae< eozn# xom`# xdpnz# zdom# {max# kca~`{# {gy# ndzpf# dm` pfn fa~{n pfdp

gnnr{ foi xdzi- Ae ka~z{n# fn xa~c` pfnazo|n {ain hzndpnz jnomh pfdm foi{nce kzndpn`

pfn{n pfomh{# eaz knzpdomcy fn o{ {idzp nma~hf pa ~m`nz{pdm` fn kdmmap j~oc` {~kf d fa~{n#

ynp pfn fa~{n nvo{p{- Dm` fn ~m`nz{pdm`{ pfn zndcopy ae pfn ncninmp{# nunm oe fn àn{ map

~m`nz{pdm` xfy pfny nvo{p az fax pfny ompnzdkp xopf nunzypfomh dza~m` foi- Nunmp~dccy

fn xa~c` pfnazo|n fn ò` map fdun pfn paac{np &jzdom raxnz/ pa ~m`nz{pdm` xfy dm` fax

pfn fa~{n xd{ kzndpn`# i~kf cn{{ dcc pfn apfnz pfomh{ om pfn ~mounz{n fn o{ japf dxdzn dm`

~mdxdzn ae- Pfn iamgny xa~c` jn zohfp ‛ fn àn{ map ra{{n{{ pfn paac{np pa ~m`nz{pdm`-

Dm` {a op o{ xopf ~{ xfnm xn pzy pa ~m`nz{pdm` pfn xfacn ~mounz{dc rokp~zn dm` xfy xn

nvo{p-

O {op dm` pfomg dja~p òzp# xdpnz# zdom# zakg{# doz# xom`# cohfp# rnarcn# rcdmnp{# hdcdvon{# npk-

&O di pfn iamgny om iy fa~{n# d{ iy eazinz xoen xa~c` dhznn-/ O gmax xfnzn pfn{n

pfomh{ kain ezai- Om pfo{ zn{rnkp# O di {nunzdc {pnr{ dfnd` ae pfn kfoirdm|nn- Dkkazòmh

pa pfn pfnazon{ ae {konmkn# dcc pfn rfy{okdc pfomh{ xn {nn om pfn ~mounz{n nvknrp amn kain{

ezai pfn iyzod` rzakn{{n{ pfdp {pdzp xfnm d f~hn# fap jdcc ae `nm{n# eazinzcy fy`zahnm

hd{ kaccdr{n{ ~ram op{nce `~n pa pfn {~i ae op{ hzduopdpoamdc neenkp aunzkaiomh pfn

zn{o{pdmkn ae pfn omòuo`~dc rdzpokcn{ &dpai{/ kairzo{omh pfn id{{- Pfn hzduopdpoamdc

rzn{{~zn{ om{o`n pfn hd{ jdcc azohomdccy cop pfn dpaiok eozn pfdp j~zm{ dp pfn knmpnz ae pfn

{pdz- F~m`zn`{ ae ioccoam{# rnzfdr{ joccoam{# ae yndz{ cdpnz pfn {pdz kaccdr{n{ ~m`nz op{ axm

xnohfp pfnm nvrca`n{ om d {~rnz maud-

4>



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Op o{ xfnm pfn {pdz kaccdr{n{ pfdp pfn f~hn hzduopdpoamdc rzn{{~zn dm` fndp kairzn{{ pfn

e~m`dinmpdc rdzpokcn{ ae pfn azohomdc fy`zahnm hd{# {ain ae xfokf o{ dcznd`y kamunzpn`

ompa fnco~i# ompa pfn udzoa~{ ncninmp{ ea~m` om pfn ~mounz{n- Pfnm pfn {~rnz maud jcax{

pfo{ fap idpnzodc a~p ompa pfn nirpy {rdkn ae pfn ~mounz{n- Aunz pfn ompnzunmomh ioccnmmod#

d{ pfn idpnzodc kaac{# pfa{n e~m`dinmpdc ncninmp{ cogn kdzjam kc~ir pahnpfnz dm` ~m`nz

pfnoz axm hzduopdpoamdc rzn{{~zn:>

# eazi pfn fdz`){~zedkn` rcdmnp{ dm` rnzfdr{ pfn

m~kcn~{ ae pfn hodmp# hd{ rcdmnp{ dm` pfn zn{p ae pfn mam)fy`zahnm idpnzodc xn eom` om pfn

~mounz{n-

{

m` hzduopy- Pfdp o{ dja~p d{ {oircn d{ op hnp{ dm` Akkdi‟{ Zd|az o{ {~j{pdmpodpn`-

hnm hd{# hzduopy# poin# dm` {rdkn< pfn Ea~z Faz{ninm ae

n Drakdcyr{n# om d {nm{n-

Faxnunz# jneazn pfn fy`zahnm {pdz ohmopn` dm` jnhdm kaagomh pfn omhznònmp{ ae pfn

rcdmnpdzy rdzp{ ae pfn ~mounz{n# xfnzn ò` pfdp azohomdc fy`zahnm hd{ kain ezai1 Hnp pfn

rokp~zn1 Akkdi‟{ Zd|az dp xazg dm` rcdy om pfn kzndpoam ae nunzypfomh omkc~òmh dcc pfn

idpnzodc kairzo{omh pfn rcdmnp{ om pfn ~mounz{n ‛ nunzypfomh jnhom{ xopf fy`zahnm hd

d

Oe xn kdm `npnziomn fax dm` xfy fy`zahnm hd{ kdin ompa nvo{pnmkn# xn kdm rzajdjcy

eoh~zn a~p xfy pfn ~mounz{n xd{ kzndpn`- J~p# pa pfomg nunzypfomh om pfn ~mounz{n# xopf

fy`zahnm hd{ d{ pfn azohom# kdin ezai mapfomh om d Joh Jdmh# l~{p {nni{ oira{{ojcn pa

in- Cnp ~{ {op dm` pfomg dja~p fy`zahnm hd{ dm` hzduopy eaz dxfocn- Znhdz`cn{{ ae xfdp O

{do` ndzconz# xn iamgny{ l~{p iohfp eoh~zn op a~p eaz max dcc xn mnn` pa pfomg dja~p dzn

pxa pfomh{# fy`zahnm hd{ dm` hzduopy# dm` map pfn apfnz ~rpnnm à|nm pfomh{ pfdp nvo{p

pa`dy- Pfn Kzndpaz id`n op {oircn ‛ fy`zahnm hd{ dm` hzduopy- Dcc nc{n pfdp xd{ mnn`n`

xd{ poin‥dm` {rdkn- Fy`za

pf

:> Dp cnd{p# pfdp o{ pfn k~zznmp {konmpoeok pfnazy- O pfomg pfnzn i~{p jn {ain apfnz inkfdmo{i dp xazg dm`

rcdy pfdp eazi{ rcdmnp{ ezai xo`ncy {rdkn` ecadpomh {rdkn `njzo{-

45



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Hzduopy dm` Ha`

Xncc# pfn Hzndp dm` Dcc Raxnze~c &dm` Unzy Iz- Xam`nze~c/ Xo|dz` ae A|# aar{‥Oindm @akpaz [pnrfnm Fdxgomh fd{ xnohfpn` om am pfn {~jlnkp amn iazn poin- Om d {aam)

pa)jn r~jco{fn` jaag popcn` Pfn Hzdm` @n{ohm# Fdxgomh dùakdpn{ nunzypfomh pfdp nvo{p{

om pfn ~mounz{n pa`dy kdin ezai amn pfomh amcy# hzduopy- Xdop$ Jncdy pfdp- Fn xzopn{#

*Jnkd~{n pfnzn o{ d cdx {~kf d{ hzduopy# pfn ~mounz{n kdm dm` xocc kzndpn op{nce ezai

mapfomh:5

- [rampdmna~{ kzndpoam o{ pfn znd{am pfnzn o{ {ainpfomh zdpfnz pfdm mapfomh# xfy

pfn ~mounz{n nvo{p{# xfy xn nvo{p-* Pfdp o{# amcy d CDX xd{ znt~ozn` pa omopodpn pfn Joh

Jdmh dm` kzndpn pfn ~mounz{n- Xncc# pfdp knzpdomcy {dpo{eon{ Akkdi‟{ Zd|az-

Fn han{ am pa {dy# *Op o{ map mnkn{{dzy pa omuagn Ha` pa cohfp pfn jc~n pa~kf rdrnz dm` {np

pfn ~mounz{n haomh-* &Xfdp om pfn xazc` o{ –jc~n pa~kf rdrnz:8’1/

Xn {fa~c` zninijnz Fdxgomh‟{ pfnazo|omh o{ jd{n` ~ram d fa~{n ae kdz`{ xfokf kdm dm`

xocc kain p~ijcomh àxm xopf pfn mnvp hzndp {konmkn ò{kaunzy- J~p# l~{p oidhomn Pfn

Ha` T~n{poam &ezai pfdp ia{p omàiopdjcn ae dpfno{p{# Zokfdz` @dxgom{/ jnomh {acun` jy

Fdxgomh‟{ nvrcdmdpoam pfdp Pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy# dm` amcy Pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy nvo{pn`

rzoaz pa pfn eazidpoam ae pfn ~mounz{n# dm` nunzypfomh pfdp nvo{p{ pa`dy kdin amcy ezai

Pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy:6-

Xncc# O l~{p happd d{g# –Xfnzn ò` Pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy kain ezai1’ Fdxgomh {dy{ op

kdin ezai mapfomh ‛ –‥pfn ~mounz{n kdm dm` xocc kzndpn op{nce ezai mapfomh---’ Fn {dy{

pfo{ o{ ra{{ojcn jnkd~{n pfnzn o{ d –Cdx ae Hzduopy-’ Fn omenz{ pfdp jnkd~{n pfnzn o{ pfo{

–cdx’ pfdp {konmpo{p{ fdun pfnazo|n` pa nvrcdom {ain pfomh{ dja~p fax pfn ~mounz{n xazg{#

dm` amcy jnkd~{n ae pfo{ –cdx#’ {ainpfomh xd{ kzndpn` ezai mapfomh# nunm pfn cdx op{nce-

:5 [a# map hzduopy op{nce# j~p pfn CDX AE HZDUOP_ kzndpn` fy`zahnm- Ompnzn{pomh-

:8 Dkp~dccy# op o{ d Jzopo{f {dyomh xfokf indm{# oe {ainamn cohfp{ pfn pa~kf rdrnz az cohfp{ pfn jc~n pa~kf

rdrnz# pfny à {ainpfomh xfokf kd~{n{ dmhnz az nvkopninmp- *Pa~kfrdrnz* o{ rdrnz oirznhmdpn` xopf

{dcprnpzn dm` ~{n` d{ d e~{n eaz nvrca{oun{# n{rnkodccy eoznxazg{- Cohfpomh op omopodpn{ pfn rzakn{{ cndòmh pa

pfn nvrca{oam-:6 Mapn pfdp xn {pocc à map fdun d pfaza~hf ~m`nz{pdmòmh ae hzduopy-

48



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xncc# d{ O {nn op# oe pfnzn xd{ mapfomh jneazn pfnzn xd{ {ainpfomh# pfnm pfnzn xd{ ma –Cdx

ae Hzduopy’ pa jnhom xopf# pfnzneazn pfnzn ka~c` jn ma {ainpfomh ezai mapfomh jd{n`

~ram pfn mam)nvo{pnmp –Cdx ae Hzduopy-’ Faxnunz# Fdxgomh {pdpn{ pfnzn xd{ d –Cdx ae

Hzduopy’ jneazn pfnzn xd{ {ainpfomh# j~p pfn –Cdx ae Hzduopy op{nce o{ {ainpfomh# {a

xfdp xd{ pfnzn jneazn pfn –Cdx ae Hzduopy1’ Pfn cdx fd` pa kain ezai {ainrcdkn- Op

{nni{ cogn d kozk~cdz znenznmkn pa in< Cdx ae Hzduopy 9 hzduopy 9 Cdx ae Hzduopy- Xfokf

kdin eoz{p# pfn cdx# az pfn idmoen{pdpoam ae pfn cdx1 Dmapfnz kfokgnm dm` nhh {knmdzoa# O

pfomg-

[azzy [pnrfnm# j~p ya~ kaircnpncy io{{n` pfn idzg xopf pfo{ amn$$$

Pa jnconun Fdxgomh# ya~ i~{p jnconun hzduopy dcxdy{ nvo{pn`- Xdop- Map pfdp hzduopy

dcxdy{ nvo{pn`# j~p pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy nvo{pn`- Oe ya~ {dy pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy dcxdy{

nvo{pn`# pfnm dcc ya~ fdun àmn o{ kfdmhn pfn mdin ae pfn kzndpaz# ezai Ha` pa Hzduopy

dm` ya~ fdun oira{n` pfn {din kamòpoam{ eaz jncone d{ Kfzo{podm{ oira{n ) edopf- Hnn

xfo|$ Xfdp à {konmpo{p{ pfomg pfn zn{p ae pfn rar~cdpoam o{# oòap{1 &Ma# pfny pfomg xn dzn

rnn)jzdom{ dm` nunm mdin` pfn ea~z)òinm{oamdc {~zedkn pfny {~zio{n pfn ~mounz{n

zn{o`n{ am d{ d r)jzdmn pa kncnjzdpn a~z {p~roòpy- Zndccy-/

J~p# idyjn {ain xocc {dy pfnzn o{ d f~hn òeenznmkn ‛ Ha` o{ ha` dm` o{ dcoun om {ain

{nm{n:?# xfnznd{ hzduopy o{ omdmoidpn dm` kdm mnunz jn –dcoun’ om dmy {nm{n- O dhznn# j~p

pfn raomp o{# Fdxgomh# @dxgom{# dm` dcc pfn apfnz dpfno{p {konmpo{p{ nvrnkp ~{ pa jnconun

pfnoz pfnazon{ jy dkknrpomh xfdp pfny {dy am edopf- [konmkn o{ d –edopf)jd{n`’ zncohoam dm`

Fdxgomh# @dxgom{ dm` pfn apfnz dpfno{p rzdkpopoamnz{ `nohm pa jn pfn mnx nzd Rarn{ dm`

Kdzòmdc{ ae pfn mnx zncohoam- O di map {xdccaxomh pfdp eo{f)faag$$$ Fax dja~p ya~#

‖coppcn eo{fon‟1

:? [nn cdpnz kfdrpnz{-

46



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Jy pfn xdy# O xdmp pa dm{xnz pfn dhn ac` t~n{poam ‛ xfokf kdin eoz{p# pfn kfokgnm# az pfn

nhh- Nunzy Pnvd{ edzi jay xfa xnmp pa {kfaac jnyam` pfn {ovpf hzd`n &in dm` pxa apfnz

enccax{ O gmax/ gmax{ pfn eoz{p kfokgnm kdin ezai d eo{f nhh- Max ya~ gmax pfn

dm{xnz-

Zninijnz O xzapn pfn ia{p e~m`dinmpdc dpai# pfn rznk~z{az pa nunzypfomh nc{n# xd{

fy`zahnm1 Max Fdxgomh {pdpn{ dcc pfdp o{ znt~ozn` eaz fy`zahnm pa kain ompa nvo{pnmkn o{

pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy- Fn kain{ pa pfo{ kamkc~{oam uod d {p~`y ae I)Pfnazy xfokf pzon{#

zdpfnz fdz`# pa jn pfn Pfnazy ae Nunzypfomh pfdp ~mopn{ pfn ea~z e~m`dinmpdc eazkn{ om pfn

~mounz{n- I)Pfnazy o{ unzy kaircokdpn` dm` coppcn ~m`nz{paa` jy dmyamn apfnz pfdm pfn

rfy{oko{p{ xfa `zndin` op ~r- J~p# nunm {ain ae pfn{n rnn)jzdom{ diamh pfn copnzdpn kdm

edpfai d enx pfomh{ ezai {~kf d kaircokdpn` io{f)id{f ae {ainpoin{ kamecokpomh o`nd{-

Pfnzn dzn pxa idom znd{am{ O à map r~zkfd{n xfdp I)Pfnazy {konmpo{p{ dzn {nccomh- Pfn

eoz{p znd{am o{ Akkdi‟{ Zd|az< I)Pfnazy o{ l~{p paa kaircokdpn`- Znkdcc Akkdi‟{ Zd|az

{pdpn{ xn {fa~c` map idgn pfomh{ dmy iazn kaircokdpn` pfdm dj{ac~pncy mnkn{{dzy &Gnnr

op [oircn# [p~ro`/- I)Pfnazy han{ edz jnyam` {oircn-

Pfn apfnz znd{am O kdmmap {~j{kzojn pa Fdxgomh‟{ rzaen{{oam{ ae edopf &fn oircon{ Pfn

Cdx ae Hzduopy o{ ha`/# o{ Ha`nc‟{ Omkaircnpnmn{{ Pfnazni- Ha`nc‟{ pfnazni {np{

e~m`dinmpdc coiop{ am idpfnidpok{ jy `niam{pzdpomh pfnzn dzn rzajcni{ pfdp kdmmap jn

{acun` jy dmy {np ae z~cn{# az rzakn`~zn{- Ha`nc‟{ pfnazni kaijomn` xopf Fno{nmjnzh‟{

^mknzpdompy Rzomkorcn dm` pfn rzdkpokdc oira{{ojocopy ae idrromh nunm {oircn

`npnziomo{pok {y{pni{ pfdp jnkain kfdapok om iazn pfdm d ka~rcn ae òinm{oam{ kaijomn

pa eazi d eazio`djcn {np ae coiopdpoam{ pfdp zndccy idgn op oira{{ojcn pa rznòkp xfnzn pfn

~mounz{n kdin ezai- Cdx ae Hzduopy d{ ha`1 [~kf d {pdpninmp o{ xfdp o{ znenzzn` pa om

{konmpoeok ldzham d{ dm –n`~kdpn` h~n{{)poidpn-’

4?



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xfdp o{ @dzg Idppnz1

@dzg idppnz‥xn mnn` pa {fomn {ain cohfp am pfo{ parok- Pfn ka{iacaho{p{ kdck~cdpn pfnzno{ i~kf iazn idppnz om pfn ~mounz{n pfdm kdm jn dkka~mpn` eaz jy dcc pfn {pdz{# pfn ‖cohfp

idppnz‟- Pfny kdck~cdpn dcc pfn {pdz{ om pfn ~mounz{n dkka~mp eaz amcy :2. ae pfn papdc

hzduopdpoamdc neenkp dkpomh ~ram a~z ~mounz{n- Pfn znidomomh 62. ae id{{ o{ znenzzn` pa d{

‖`dzg idppnz‟ {omkn op kdmmap jn {nnm- Fdxgomh dm` dcc pfn rfy{oko{p{ xfa jnconun I)

Pfnazy o{ pfn Pfnazy ae Nunzypfomh pfomg `dzg idppnz idy jn pfn hzduopdpoamdc neenkp am

a~z ~mounz{n kd~{n` jy d`ldknmp ~mounz{n{ ‛ amn am ndkf {o`n# rnzfdr{ ‛ xfokf dzn

zn{oòmh am pfnoz axm r)jzdmn{-

O jnconun om Akkdi‟{ Zd|az- O pfomg pfnzn o{ d i~kf iazn {oircn nvrcdmdpoam eaz `dzg

idppnz- O pfomg `dzg idppnz o{ {oircy pfn hzduopdpoamdc neenkp ae dcc pfn rcdmnp{ dm` `~{p om

pfn ~mounz{n;2- Oe ia{p {pdz{ fdun 5)? rcdmnp{ azjopomh pfni# pfnm pfo{ xa~c` dkka~mp eaz

dja~p 52. ) 82.. ae pfn `dzg idppnz id{{- Pfn znidomomh 42. ) :2. `dzg idppnz id{{

ka~c` jn dkka~mpn` eaz jy {pnccdz `~{p- [oircn- &Akkdi‟{ Zd|az-/ Pfnzn o{ ma mnn` pa

omuagn rdzdccnc ~mounz{n{ xfokf znidom ~m{nnm# ynp {ainfax kdm kd{p d hzduopdpoamdc r~cc

dkza{{ pfdp ~m{nnm ja~m`dzy dm` rcdy –{faap pfn idzjcn{’ &zomhnz az zaccny facn# pdgn

ya~z rokg/ xopf a~z hdcdvon{- Ndkf xnng op {nni{ pfn mnx{ znrazp{ mnx rcdmnp{ `npnkpn`

azjopomh {pdz{ mndz ~{- O pfomg op o{ amcy d idppnz ae poin jneazn {konmkn fd{ nma~hf `dpd

kaccnkpn` pa n{poidpn xopfom znd{am pfn papdc m~ijnz ae rcdmnp{ om pfn ~mounz{n- Xn xocc

pfnm {nn rcdmnp{ kairzo{n pfn j~cg ae pfdp `dzg idppnz- Pfnm pfn {konmpo{p{ xocc fdun pa

ia`~cdpn pfnoz pfnazon{ pa ncoiomdpn d`ldknmp ~mounz{n{ p~hhomh dp a~z ~mounz{n-

;2 J~p# {nn pfn mnvp kfdrpnz eaz d òeenznmp nvrcdmdpoam pfdp xocc ompzoh~n ya~-

:2



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Ha` D{ @dzg Nmnzhy Dm` @dzg Idppnz1

Xncc# fnzn op o{ :244 dm` xn dzn cn{{ pfdm pxa yndz{ dxdy ezai pfn nm` ae pfn xazc` &oe

ya~ jnconun pfn àai{`dy rznòkpoam{ {~rra{n`cy jd{n` ~ram pfn Idydm kdcnm`dz

kaiomh pa dm nm` am :4 @nknijnz :24:/- Xn fdun znknmpcy ò{kaunzn` d iy{pnzoa~{

nmnzhy xfa{n {a~zkn om ~mgmaxm- Pfn iy{pnzoa~{ nmnzhy o{ iazn pfdm 5 poin{ d{ {pzamh

d{ dcc pfn hzduopy om pfn ~mounz{n- Ka~c` pfo{ f~hn iy{pnzoa~{ nmnzhy jn pfn kd~{n ae a~z

rcdmnp‟{ `nio{n1 Xfa gmax{1 J~p# O di h~n{{omh a~z rcdmnp dm` pfn iy{pnzoa~{ nmnzhy o{

{pocc haomh pa jn dza~m` ra{p)@nknijnz :24:- Pfo{ iy{pnzoa~{ nmnzhy fd{ d {konmpoeok

mdin< @dzg Nmnzhy- [konmpo{p{ fdun ma kc~n xfnzn pfo{ nmnzhy kain{ ezai# maz xfdp op{

kaira{opoam o{- Pfny l~{p gmax op nvo{p{ dm` op{ {pznmhpf o{ hzndpnz pfdm dmapfnz

iy{pnzoa~{ t~dmpopy kdccn` @dzg Idppnz- [omkn pfn hzduopdpoamdc neenkp ae @dzg Idppnz o{

n{poidpn` pa jn eoun poin{ d{ raxnze~c d{ dcc pfn Cohfp Idppnz om pfn ~mounz{n# pfdp idgn{

@dzg Nmnzhy hzndpnz pfdm ;2 poin{ pfn hzduopdpoamdc neenkp ae Cohfp Idppnz# d unzy

raxnze~c eazkn# om`nn`-

@dzg Idppnz o{ {~rra{n`cy pfn hc~n pfdp jom`{ hdcdvon{ pahnpfnz xfokf gnnr{ pfn {rommomh

hdcdvon{ ezai ecyomh drdzp- [konmpo{p{ kdm pfnazo|n @dzg Idppnz nvo{p{# j~p pfny kdmmap {dy

xfdp op o{# fax op xd{ kzndpn`# dm` xfnzn op o{- Faxnunz# @dzg Nmnzhy o{ r~ccomh hdcdvon{

drdzp# {a amn `dy# {omkn @dzg Nmnzhy o{ hzndpnz pfdm @dzg Idppnz# op o{ pfnazo|n` hdcdvon{

xocc r~cc dxdy ezai ndkf apfnz d{ pfn {pdz{ om ndkf hdcdvy r~cc dxdy ezai ndkf apfnz#

~mpoc d {nunzdc pzoccoam# az iazn# yndz{ ezai max# pfnzn xocc jn ma iazn hdcdvon{ dm` nunzy

omòuo`~dc rcdmnp# {pdz# {rnkg ae `~{p# npk- xocc jn a~p{o`n pfn uo{ojcn {ohfp ae dmypfomh nc{n-

Om apfnz xaz`{# om d ka~rcn ae pzoccoam yndz{# xfdpnunz eazi pfn rcdmnp ndzpf o{ om# op xocc jn

ecyomh pfza~hf pfn ~mounz{n dcamn# {a edz ezai pfn mndzn{p cohfp)nioppomh {pdz# pfn {pdz‟{cohfp xocc mnunz zndkf pfn rcdmnp- Ma {pdz{ om pfn mohfp {gy1 _nr# nunmp~dccy# dkkazòmh pa

pfn nvrnzp{-

Op akk~z{ pa in &dm` O h~n{{ l~{p pa in/ pfo{ @dzg Idppnz dm` @dzg Nmnzhy# {~rra{n`cy d

faiahnmna~{ rdzp ae pfn ~mounz{n ka~c` jn Ha`- ^f--Af‥Fnzn{y# nf1 Xncc# xn pnm` pa

:4



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


pfomg ae Ha` d{ dcc)raxnze~c# dm` nunzyxfnzn om pfn ~mounz{n- [konmpo{p{ pfomg ae @dzg

Idppnz dm` @dzg Nmnzhy d{ dcc)raxnze~c dm` nunzyxfnzn om pfn ~mounz{n- [nni{ pa in pfn

{konmpo{p{ fdun ò{kaunzn` rfy{okdc nuo`nmkn ae Ha` eaz pfn {konmpoeok nvrcdmdpoam eaz

@dzg Nmnzhy dm` Idppnz o{ pfn nvdkp `n{kzorpoam pfn Jojcn houn{ eaz Ha`-

::



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Poin

Znhdzòmh Fdxgomh dm` fo{ jncone pfn Cdx ae Hzduopy o{ pfn kzndpaz ae nunzypfomh# O xdmppa kdcc ya~z dppnmpoam pa {ainpfomh e~m`dinmpdc mnopfnz fn# maz dmy apfnz rfy{oko{p# {nni{

pa zndccy ~m`nz{pdm`# pfnznjy rzajdjcy idgomh io{pdgn{ om pfn {~j{nt~nmp j~ocòmh jcakg{

~ram xfokf pfnoz fa~{n ae kdz`{ zn{p- Om pfn 4?82{‟ pxa fohfcy dkk~zdpn dpaiok kcakg{

xnzn ecaxm om arra{opn òznkpoam{ dza~m` pfn ndzpf eaz {nunzdc xnng{ xfocn d pfoz` dpaiok

kcakg znidomn` {pdpoamdzy am ndzpf- Xfnm pfn pfznn kcakg{ xnzn kairdzn`# amn xd{

z~mmomh ed{pnz ‛pfn amn ecaxm xn{p ) kairdzn` pa pfn ndzpf kcakg dm` amn ‛ pfn amn ecaxm

nd{p ) xd{ z~mmomh {caxnz- Rfy{oko{p{ ~{n` pfn zn{~cp{ ae pfo{ nvrnzoinmp pa djdmàm pfn

kamknrp ae d ~mounz{dc poin dm` pa kain ~r xopf pfn kamknrp ae dm ompnzxaunm edjzok

kdccn` {rdkn)poin- Pfny dc{a ~{n` pfn nvrnzoinmp zn{~cp{ pa ‖kameozi‟ Nom{pnom‟{

fyrapfn{o{ pfdp znhdz`cn{{ ae dm aj{nzunz‟{ zncdpoun iapoam dm` ezdin ae znenznmkn# pfn

{rnn` ae cohfp o{ pfn {din eaz dcc aj{nzunz{-

Cnp in kdcc ya~z dppnmpoam pa dmapfnz o{{~n jneazn O znp~zm pa pfo{ o{{~n ae poin- Pfnzn o{ d

kamknrp kdccn` pfn @arrcnz [foep pfdp o{ drrcokdjcn pa dcc pzduncomh xdun{# {~kf d{ {a~m`

xdun{- Pfn fazm jcaxomh am d ed{p cakaiapoun xfocn drrzadkfomh dm aj{nzunz xocc {a~m`

fohfnz om ropkf pfdm pfn {din fazm d{ op o{ iauomh dxdy ezai pfn {din aj{nzunz- Pfn

znd{am eaz pfo{ rfnmainmd o{ pfn {a~m` xdun{ dzn kairzn{{n` d{ pfn cakaiapoun

drrzadkfn{ pfn aj{nzunz dm` pfny dzn {pznpkfn`!ncamhdpn` d{ pfn cakaiapoun {rnn`{ dxdy-

Pfn {din neenkp o{ aj{nzun` om ajlnkp{ nioppomh cohfp om {rdkn- Pfa{n ajlnkp{ nioppomh

cohfp pfdp dzn iauomh dxdy ezai pfn ndzpf fdun pfnoz cohfp {rnkpz~i {foepn` paxdz` pfn zn`

nm` ae pfn {rnkpz~i jnkd~{n pfn cohfp xdun{ dzn ncamhdpn` kairdzn` pa d {pdpoamdzy cohfp

nioppomh {a~zkn- Pfa{n cohfp nioppomh ajlnkp{ iauomh paxdz` ndzpf fdun pfnoz cohfp

{rnkpz~i {foepn` paxdz` pfn jc~n nm`# indmomh pfn cohfp xdun{ dzn kairzn{{n` jy pfn

iapoam# dhdom kairdzn` pa d {pdpoamdzy cohfp nioppomh {a~zkn-

Agdy# xn l~{p `n{kzojn` pfn @arrcnz Neenkp ~{omh pxa kaiiam xdun{# {a~m` dm` cohfp-

Xncc# xfdp o{ pfn zn{~cp{ ae pfn poin nvrnzoinmp apfnz pfdm dmapfnz nvdircn ae d @arrcnz

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Neenkp1 Pfn ecyomh kcakg{ {dx poin kairzn{{n` az ncamhdpn`# `nrnmòmh ~ram pfn

òznkpoam ae pzdunc kairdzn` pa d {pdpoamdzy kcakg am pfn ndzpf‟{ {~zedkn- Faxnunz# op o{

gom` ae d znunz{n# az omunz{n# @arrcnz Neenkp- Om pfn apfnz pyrn{ ae xdun{# pfn aj{nzunz o{

{pdpoamdzy dm` fndz{!{nn{ pfn @arrcnz Neenkp om d Mnxpamodm ezdin ae znenznmkn- Xopf

poin# pfn aj{nzunz o{ iauomh dm` {nn{ pfn @arrcnz Neenkp xopf zn{rnkp pa d {pdpoamdzy poin

ronkn om pfn {din Mnxpamodm ezdin ae znenznmkn-

Xfdp àn{ pfo{ indm1 Xncc# O di {pocc rnz~{omh pfo{ aj{nzudpoam j~p op àn{ map cnd` in pa

jnconun poin o{ dm ompnhzdc rdzp ae {rdkn d{ apfnz rfy{oko{p{ pfomg dm` ezai xfokf pfnoz

Pfnazy ae Nunzypfomh &I)Pfnazy/ o{ `nrnm`nmp ~ram- O pfomg op o{ {dyomh poin o{

om`nrnm`nmp ae {rdkn om pfn {nm{n pfn pxa dzn map ompnhzdc dm` om{nrdzdjcn- Op indm{ xfnm

xn iaun om {rdkn# poin idmoen{p{ {ain gom` ae xdun rzarnzpy xopf zn{rnkp pa ~{ pfdp o{

map ynp znkahmo|n`# az ~m`nz{paa`# jy pfnaznpokdc rfy{oko{p{- J~p fny$ O di l~{p d caxcy

nmhomnnz {a xfa di O pa t~n{poam pfn cogn{ ae Nom{pnom dm` Fdxgomh1 Xncc# O di pfn

{din h~y xfa kaml~zn` fo{ axm Ha` dm` xfa o{ unzy kaieazpdjcn xopf pfn pfa~hfp oe

rfy{ok{ {~kknn`{ dp dcc om ò{kaunzomh d pz~n Pfnazy ae Nunzypfomh# Ha`# xfdpnunz ya~

kamknoun Ha` pa jn# xocc jn rzaiomnmp dm` knmpzdc om pfn pfnazy-

Xfy1 Jnkd~{n# {ainpfomh mnunz kdin ezai mapfomh# nvknrp ra{{ojcy in- Pfo{ o{ d

znenznmkn pa d kamunz{dpoam xopf dm Dio{f enccax xfa pac` in amn `dy {nunzdc yndz{ dha

O xd{ –{ainpfomh-’ O fd` {parrn` jy fo{ enn` {pazn om Caunuoccn# Idzycdm` pa j~y d

ka~rcn ae {dkg{ ae kazm- Fn d{gn` in xfdp zncohoam O xd{- Xfnm O {do` O xd{ –mapfomh’ fn

caagn` {fakgn` dm` pac` in xn dzn dcc –{ainpfomh#’ eaz Ha` mnunz id`n –mapfomh-’ [a#

O xnmp ezai jnomh mapfomh pa {ainpfomh dm` O di pfnzneazn rzaae Ha` kdm idgn

{ainpfomh ezai mapfomh- Dcpfa~hf O di {pocc map knzpdom xfdp –{ainpfomh’ O di-

Xn kdm pfnazo|n dja~p fax dm` xfy a~z ~mounz{n nvo{p{# j~p ~mcn{{ xn kdm {ainfax

ncnudpn a~z inmpdc edk~cpon{ pa d {ainpfomh ) d fohfnz rcdmn1 &xfdpnunz pfdp o{/ ) az

apfnzxo{n kain ~r xopf pfn paac{np ) pfn {rnkodc {nm{n{ dm` jzdomraxnz znt~ozn` ) rnzfdr{

xn xocc mnunz gmax xfnzn pfn ~mounz{n kain{ ezai dm` xfy xn nvo{p- Eaz max# op o{

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Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


{~eeokonmp pa gmax xn nvo{p dm` oe xn à map hnp a~z rar~cdpoam ~m`nz kampzac unzy {aam#

pfnm unzy# unzy {aam xn {fdcc knd{n pa nvo{p- Jn{o`n{ xfa zndccy xdmp{ pa gmax dcc pfn

dm{xnz{1 O{m‟p op rcnd{dmp eaz ~{ rnn)jzdom{;4 pa fdun d enx iy{pnzon{ pa i~cc aunz d{ xn

{op om a~z fa~{n jneazn pfn j~zmomh eozn om pfn xaa` {paun dm` kampnircdpn pfn ec~ee om a~z

mdunc{ &xfnzn àn{ pfdp {p~ee kain ezai# dmyxdy1/ dm` apfnz iy{pnzon{ ae pfn ~mounz{n1

Pfnzn o{ dmapfnz o{{~n xopf poin- [konmpo{p{ {dy pfny kdm {nn jdkg pa {nunzdc f~m`zn`

pfa~{dm` yndz{ depnz pfn Joh Jdmh- Pfdp o{# d{pzamainz{ kcdoi pa {nn {pdz{ om hdcdvon{

pxncun joccoam cohfp yndz{ ezai ndzpf- Oe pfn ~mounz{n xd{ kzndpn` dja~p 4: joccoam cohfp

yndz{ dha;: dm` xfdp o{ max rcdmnp ndzpf xd{ rdzp ae pfdp kzndpoam# fax kdm xn max {nn

cohfp nioppn` 4: joccoam cohfp yndz{ dha1 Pfdp cohfp xa~c` fdun rd{{n` jy xfdp xd{ pa

jnkain pfn rcdmnp {aam depnz pfn eazidpoam ae pfn ~mounz{n-

Cohfp zndkfomh ~{ pa`dy ezai pfn edzpfn{p {pdz pfn F~jjcn pncn{karn kdm {nn znt~ozn` 4:

joccoam cohfp yndz{ pa zndkf ~{- Pfo{ indm{ pfn cohfp xd{ nioppn` dja~p pxncun joccoam yndz{

dha- Fax kdm pfo{ jn xfnm pfn ~mounz{n o{ n{poidpn` pa jn amcy 4: joccoam yndz{ ac`1 [nn

pfn t~dm`dzy om pfo{ o{{~n1 Oe pfn ~mounz{n o{ pxncun joccoam yndz{ ac` pfnm xfdpnunz xd{ pa

jnkain rcdmnp ndzpf xd{ mndzjy pfn {pdz pfdp o{ nioppomh pfn cohfp {a op xa~c` fdun rd{{n`

~{ jy xopfom d enx f~m`zn` pfa~{dm` yndz{ depnz pfn jozpf ae pfn ~mounz{n-

Oe xn dzn {nnomh cohfp nioppn` 4: joccoam yndz{ dha# pa`dy# pfnm xn fd` pa jn unzy edz drdzp

ezai pfn nioppomh {pdz 4: joccoam yndz{ dha7 rzajdjcy dja~p 4: joccoam cohfp yndz{ drdzp

&houn az pdgn d enx f~m`zn` ioccoam yndz{ {omkn xn dzn znknòmh ezai apfnz hdcdvon{# j~p

dp d {rnn` edz cn{{ pfdm pfn {rnn` ae cohfp/- [a# pfdp idgn{ pfn ~mounz{n dp cnd{p :0 joccoam

yndz{ ac` &houn az pdgn d enx f~m`zn` ioccoam ‛ O di paa cd|y dp 2:22 om pfn iazmomh pa à

pfn kdck~cdpoam{ pa hnp d iazn rznko{n dm{xnz-/-

;4 Dm ajcot~n znenznmkn pa I)Pfnazy dm` r)jzdmn{‥ezai d rnn)jzdom- <///;: –F~jjcn ind{~zn{ pfn nvrdmòmh ^mounz{n-’ &Idy# :> 4???/ MD[D [konmkn Mnx{-

fppr<!!{konmkn-md{d-hau!{konmkn)mnx{!{konmkn)dp)md{d!4???!d{p:>idy??Q4!

:>



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Xncc# caagomh dp pfn djaun òdhzdi# op l~{p àn{ map idgn {nm{n pfn F~jjcn pncn{karn kdm

{nn 4: joccoam yndz ac` cohfp# ~mcn{{ pfn ~mounz{n o{ à~jcn pfdp dhn- _np# {konmpo{p{ dzn

kcdoiomh pfn F~jjcn kdm {nn 4: joccoam yndz ac` cohfp- Oe pfn ~mounz{n o{ amcy 4: joccoam

yndz{ ac`# pfdm 4: joccoam yndz ac` cohfp xa~c` fdun rd{{n` ~{ jy dja~p 4: joccoam yndz{

dha- Marn# eaz pfnoz kdck~cdpoam{ pa jn dkk~zdpn# pfn dhn ae pfn ~mounz{n i~{p jn à~jcn

pfdp# houomh ~{ d :0 joccoam yndz ac` ~mounz{n- [nn pfn eaccaxomh òdhzdi-

:5



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


Pfnzn xd{ d uohaza~{ kampzaunz{y znhdzòmh pfn dhn ae pfn ~mounz{n jneazn F~jjcn {dx

pfn cohfp ezai pfn {pdz 4: joccoam cohfp yndz{ dxdy- Amn {o`n ae pfn dzh~inmp {do` pfn

~mounz{n xd{ 42 joccoam yndz{ ac` xfocn pfn apfnz {o`n dzh~n` op xd{ :2 joccoam yndz{ ac`-

Max pfn :2 joccoam yndz ac` {konmpo{p{ fdun hounm ~r pfdp dzh~inmp d{ d zn{~cp ae pfn

F~jjcn ind{~zninmp{ dm` pfny fdun jnkain 4: joccoam ') 4-: joccoam yndz{ ac` {konmpo{p{-

[nni{ cogn pfny {fa~c` fdun {p~kg xopf pfn :2 joccoam rc~{ 0$

Om Idy 4???# pfn F~jjcn Pncn{karn Rzalnkp Pndi dmma~mkn` pfn F~jjcn Kam{pdmp pa jn

82 gi!{nk!irk# xopf dm ~mknzpdompy ae 42 rnzknmp- Pfo{ indm{ pfdp d hdcdvy drrndz{ pa jn

iauomh 452#222 iocn{ rnz fa~z ed{pnz eaz nunzy ;-; ioccoam cohfp)yndz{ dxdy ezai

Ndzpf-;;

ncc# O mnn` pa kampnircdpn pfn cohfp o{{~n {ain iazn jneazn kampom~omh-X

;; Ojo`-

:8



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


@o{k~{{ –kamn ae cohfp’ F~jjcn pncn{karn &dm` dcc apfnz pncn{karn{/ o{ kameomn` pa

nvdiomomh {omkn ma arpokdc pncn{karn kdm rnnz pfza~hf pfn hdcdvy om pfn rcdmn pfn ndzpf o{

azjopomh- N{{nmpodccy# xn kdm amcy {nn dja~p 4):. ae pfn ~mounz{n j~p xn dzn hnmnzdco|omh

pfn zn{p ae pfn ~mounz{n caag{ dm` jnfdun{ nvdkpcy d{ pfn {idcc razpoam ae op xn kdm

aj{nzun-

:6



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


[pnrfnm Fdxgomh ) Fndunm O{ Eaz Rnarcn [kdzn` Ae Pfn@dzg

_n{pnz`dy# 46 Idy :244# [pnrfnm Fdxgomh dmma~mkn` pfnzn xd{ ma fndunm- Fn {pdpn`

pfn kamknrp ae fndunm xd{ amcy ~{ne~c eaz rnarcn xfa xnzn dezdo` ae pfn `dzg- Xncc# O di

map dezdo` ae pfn `dzg-

Nunzypfomh [pnrfnm Fdxgomh jnconun{ om ‛ i~cpounz{n{# Joh Jdmh{# omeomopn ~mounz{n{# I)

Pfnazy# t~dmp~i inkfdmok{# npk ‛ o{ jd{n` ~ram amn unzy jd{ok dm` omn{kdrdjcn edkp< a~z

{y{pni ae ka~mpomh pfomh{- _n{# pfdp o{ kazznkp# a~z m~ijnz {y{pni eazi{ pfn ea~m`dpoam

ezai xfokf dcc rfy{oko{p{ {rzomh eazpf xopf d iyzod` t~dmpopy ae {nniomhcy kzd|y o`nd{-

Pa ~{n rfy{ok{ pnzi{# pfdp m~ijnzomh {y{pni o{ kairzo{n` ae t~dmpd# pfa{n jnomh pfn

jd{ok m~ijnz{ 2# 4# :# ;‥npk- [ainxfnzn jnpxnnm kzndpoam dm` d ka~rcn ae pfa~{dm`{ ae

yndz{ dha xn cndzmn` pa ka~mp a~z {fnnr# hadp{# kax{# faz{n{# dm` j~{fnc{ ae hzdom- Ma

go`òmh- Pfn dzkfndacaho{p{ fdun ea~m` pfn rappnzy {fdz`{ ezai Kfdc`nd pfdp znrzn{nmp

pfn unzy eoz{p dppnirp{ pa znkaz` d inzkfdmp{ rza`~kp{ om m~ijnzn` t~dmpopon{- Drrdznmpcy

rappnzy {fdz`{ xnzn ~{n` {omkn pfnzn xd{ rcnmpy ae jzagnm rappnzy dudocdjcn {a op i~{p

fdun jnnm omnvrnm{oun pa ~{n eaz pfn r~zra{n- Om dmy kd{n# rnzfdr{ depnz ka~mpomh am

eomhnz{ eoz{p# xn jnhdm znkazòmh pfn ka~mp{ am rappnzy# àk~inmpomh eaz ra{pnzopy pfn

drrzavoidpn poin {konmpo{p{ kdm {dy eaz knzpdom f~idm{ fd` cndzmn` pa ka~mp-

D coppcn iazn fo{pazy ‛ jy pfn poin ae Kfzo{p# i~kf ae pfn f~idm xazc` ka~c` ka~mp- Pfn

Zaidm{ fd` pfn Zaidm m~inzdc {y{pni# d rcdh~n eaz {kfaackfoc`znm xfnm O xd{ om

ncninmpdzy {kfaac dm` fd` pa map amcy cndzm pa ka~mp xopf pfn m~inzdc{# j~p dc{a fax pa

à pfn idpf xopf pfni- Dzhff$ Pfnm pfnzn xnzn pfn Dzdj{ dm` pfn Dzdjodm m~inzdc{- O

cndzmn` pfn{n eoz{p om ncninmpdzy {kfaac j~p xfnm O coun` dm` xazgn` om [d~ò Dzdjod om

pfn 4?82{‟ O cndzmn` pfn zndc Dzdjodm m~inzdc{- Pfn òeenznmkn jnpxnnm pfn Zaidm

m~inzdc{ dm` pfn Dzdjodm m~inzdc{ o{ {ohmoeokdmp- Pfn Dzdj{ fdun d m~inzdc eaz |nza# j~p

:?



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


pfn Zaidm{ ò` map- Pfdp o{ xfy pa`dy# pfn xazc` ~{n{ pfn Dzdj ka~mpomh {y{pni om{pnd`

ae pfn Zaidm {y{pni-

[omkn pfn Zaidm{ ò` map fdun d m~inzdc eaz |nza# pfny xnzn map rnzrcnvn` jy dmy a``

o{{~n{ xopf pfnoz {y{pni- Faxnunz# {~kf xd{ map pfn kd{n xopf pfn Dzdj {y{pni- Ae

ka~z{n# om ncninmpdzy {kfaac xn dcc cndzm 4'4 9 : dm` ndkf ae pfa{n m~ijnz{ znrzn{nmp d

`neomdjcn t~dmpopy- Pfdp o{# oe xn fdun amn jdcc om ndkf fdm` dm` xn iaun amn jdcc pa pfn

apfnz fdm`# pfn fdm` pfdp hdom{ pfn jdcc xocc fdun pxa jdcc{- Pdgn dmapfnz nvdircn< Pfnzn

dzn pxa jay{ xfa fdun ea~z idzjcn{ jnpxnnm pfni{ncun{- Pfny `nko`n pa òuo`n pfn

idzjcn{ nt~dccy- Pfny xnzn pd~hfp om ncninmpdzy {kfaac pfn idpfnidpokdc arnzdpoam eaz

òuoòmh pfn idzjcn{ o{ 0 ø : 9 : {a ndkf jay {fa~c` hnp pxa idzjcn{- Idgn{ {nm{n# nf1

J~p# pfnzn o{ amn idpfnidpokdc zncdpoam{for# az arnzdpoam# ~{omh Dzdjodm m~inzdc{ pfdp

àn{ map idgn {nm{n- Xfdp oe pfnzn xnzn ea~z idzjcn{ pa jn òuo`n` nt~dccy jy |nza

jay{1 Pfn arnzdpoam o{ 0 ø 2 9 1 Pfo{ {nni{ cogn {~kf d {oircn o{{~n pfdp op dcia{p {nni{

pa {p~ro` pa nunm ò{k~{{- Fax kdm ya~ òuo`n |nza ae {ainpfomh ompa {ain t~dmpopy1

Xncc# ya~ kdm òuo`n dmy apfnz m~inzdc# az kaijomdpoam{ ae m~inzdc{# ompa dmy

kaijomdpoam ae m~inzdc{ dm` hnp d zndco{pok dm{xnz- J~p# òuoòmh dmy t~dmpopy jy |nza

àn{ map idgn {nm{n {a pfn {konmpo{p{ {dy op o{ dm ~m`neomn` arnzdpoam-

Max# pfomg ae òuo`n jy |nza‟{ {yiinpzok arnzdpoam- Pfdp o{# òuo`n |nza jy dmy apfnz

t~dmpopy< 2 ø 49 1 @an{ pfo{ idgn {nm{n1 Ae ka~z{n op àn{- Pfn {konmpo{p{ {dy |nza

òuo`n` jy dmy t~dmpopy houn{ dm `neomopn dm{xnz- Pfdp o{# 4 xocc ha ompa |nza nvdkpcy |nza

poin{- Pfnzneazn xn kdm {dy# 2 ø 49 2-

Cnp ~{ znp~zm pa {ain m~ijnz òuo`n` jy |nza- [omkn pfn arnzdpoam o{ ~m`neomn` om a~z

ka~mpomh {y{pni# xfnmnunz {konmpo{p{ kain ~r xopf pfo{ arnzdpoam om pfnoz idpfnidpokdc

arnzdpoam{# om{pnd` ae {dyomh {~kf dm` {~kf o{ mam)nvo{pnmp# pfny {dy op han{ pa omeomopy-

Pfo{ o{ xfnzn pfny kain ~r xopf {~kf pfomh{ d{ dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{ ‛ jy d

{oircn idpfnidpokdc arnzdpoam pfdp zndccy indm{ {ainpfomh o{ ~m`neomn`- Op o{ pz~cy pfn

Kdck~c~{ xfokf houn{ pfn{n gom` ae dm{xnz{-

;2



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


@ouo`n jy \nza o{ pfn m~inzokdc arnzdpoam xfokf pfn {konmpoeok kaii~mopy rom{ pfnoz

xfacn kd{n eaz nunzypfomh ezai t~dmp~i inkfdmok{ pa Joh Jdmh pa I)Pfnazy-

V ø 2 xfnzn V o{ dmy m~ijnz o{ xfnzn pfny hnp pfn omeomopn m~ijnz ae ~mounz{n{# omeomopn

m~ijnz ae nunzypfomh nc{n ezai-

Om{pnd` ae t~n{poamomh {~kf e~m`dinmpdc o`nd{ d{ V ø 2# pfny kzd{f jcom`cy dfnd` kaiomh

~r xopf iazn dm` iazn nvapok pfnazon{ jd{n` ~ram pfo{ {y{pni ae idpfnidpok{ pa nvrcdom

pfn azohom ae a~z ~mounz{n- Pfn {konmpo{p{ fdun j~ocp d fa~{n ae kdz`{ dm` pfny nvrnkp

nunzyamn nc{n pa jnconun xfdp pfny {dy# jd{n` ~ram edopf pfn {konmpo{p{ gmax xfdp pfny dzn

pdcgomh dja~p- [konmkn o{ d edopf)jd{n` zncohoam xopf Hzduopy d{ Ha` dm` [pnrfnm Fdxgomh

pfn mnx dhn Ia{n{ pzyomh pa cnd` ~{ dcc pa pfn –hcazy cdm`’- O àm‟p gmax dja~p ya~# j~p O

t~n{poam nunzypfomh {konmkn pncc{ in xopf pfn dzàz dm` rd{{oam O kfdccnmhn nunzypfomh

zncohoam{ {~kf d{ Kdpfacoko{i pncc{ in-

;4



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


I~cporcn ^mounz{n{< Eaz Rnarcn Xfa Dzn Dezdo` ae Coen

[a# pfnzn o{ ma fndunm# [pnrfnm Fdxgomh1 O d{{~zn ya~# xopfa~p dm à~jp# op o{ omeomopncy

nd{onz eaz in pa jnconun pfnzn o{ d Fndunm xopf d Ha`# pfdm op o{ eaz in pa jnconun pfnzn o{

dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae omeomopn ~mounz{n{# rnarcn` jy dm omeomopn m~ijnz ae karon{ ae in

dm` ya~- Fndunm o{ eaz rnarcn {kdzn` ae pfn `dzg1 Zndccy1 Eazpy yndz{ ae kampnircdpomh

ya~z mdunc dp Aveaz` dm` pfo{ o{ pfn jn{p ya~ kdm à1 O {dy# i~cporcn ~mounz{n{ dzn eaz

rnarcn xfa dzn dezdo` ae pfn coen dm` fo`n jnfom` pfn mam)pfzndpnmomh m~ijnz{ am d

kfdcgjadz` om d cdj# az kcd{{zaai-

;:



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


[konmkn dm` Zncohoam< Ha` @o`m‟p Idgn Idm7 Idm Id`nHa`{

Om dm Ar N` dzpokcn om pfn Ca{ Dmhncn{ Poin{# `dpn` 4? L~cy :244;0# Dm`nz{am Pfai{am

dm` Kcdzn D~gaenz xzopn pfdp –{konmpo{p{ {rnkodco|omh om pfn iom` fdun jnh~m pa ~mzdunc

zncohoam‟{ –@MD-’’ Omuagomh oidhn{ ae Lafm Cnmmam dm` fo{ edia~{ xaz`{# –Oidhomn

pfnzn‟{ ma fndunm‥ma fncc jncax ~{‥dm` ma zncohoam#’ pfn rdoz ae xzopnz‟{ dzh~n znknmp

zn{ndzkf om pfn iom` rzaun{ pfnzn o{ ma Ha`;>

- Pfai{am dm` D~gaenz {dy# –[konmpo{p{

fdun {a edz o`nmpoeon` dja~p :2 fdz`)xozn`# nuacun` *d`drpdpoam{* d{ pfn j~ocòmh jcakg{

ae zncohoam- Cogn dppdkfinmp# pfny dzn inkfdmo{i{ pfdp ~m`nzcon f~idm ompnzdkpoam{-’

E~zpfnziazn# pfny {dy# –Diamh pfn r{ykfacahokdc d`drpdpoam{ zncdpn` pa zncohoam dzn a~z

mnn` eaz znkorzakopy# a~z pnm`nmky pa dppzoj~pn ~mgmaxm nunmp{ pa f~idm dhnmky# a~z

kdrdkopy eaz zaidmpok caun# a~z eonzkn *a~p)hza~r* fdpzn`{ dm` l~{p d{ eonzkn caydcpon{ pa

pfn om hza~r{ ae gom dm` dccon{- Zncohoam foldkg{ pfn{n pzdop{- Om d`òpoam pa pfn{n

d`drpdpoam{# f~idm{ fdun `nuncarn` pfn znidzgdjcn djocopy pa pfomg dja~p xfdp han{ am

om apfnz rnarcn({ iom`{ dm` kzndpn dm` znfndz{n kaircnv ompnzdkpoam{ xopf dm ~m{nnm

apfnz- Om a~z iom`{ xn kdm `n)ka~rcn kahmopoam ezai poin# rcdkn dm` kozk~i{pdmkn- Xn

kam{o`nz xfdp {ainamn nc{n iohfp à om a~z rcdkn7 xn rzalnkp e~p~zn {knmdzoa{7 xn znrcdy

rd{p nunmp{- Op({ dm nd{y l~ir pa {dy# kamunz{omh xopf pfn `nd` az pa kaml~zomh ha`{ dm`

rzdyomh pa pfni- Iazdcopy# xfokf {ain {nn d{ oira{n` jy ha`{ az zncohoam am {dudhn

f~idm{# {konmkn {nn{ d{ ynp dmapfnz d`drpoun {pzdpnhy fdm`n` àxm pa ~{ jy mdp~zdc

{ncnkpoam-

_dcn r{ykfacahy rzaen{{az Rd~c Jcaai mapn{ pfdp *op o{ aepnm jnmneokodc eaz f~idm{ pa

xazg pahnpfnz ‥ xfokf indm{ op xa~c` fdun jnnm d`drpoun pa nudc~dpn pfn moknmn{{ dm`

;0fppr<!!xxx-cdpoin{-kai!mnx{!aromoam!kaiinmpdzy!cd)an)pfair{am)dpfno{i):2442846#2#>56::52-{pazy

;> Om pfn {din {amh# Lafm Cnmmam xzapn –Oidhomn ma ra{{n{{oam{-’ Xfocn fn idy fdun jnnm dm dpfno{p# fn

knzpdomcy ò` map rzdkpokn xfdp fn –rzndkfn`-’ Fn fd` d cap ae ra{{n{{oam om fo{ ~rpaxm# nvrnm{oun

drdzpinmp aee Knmpzdc Rdzg xfnzn fn coun` dm` om fo{ Nmhco{f n{pdpn{- Cogn ia{p fyrakzopokdc rnarcn# xfdp o{

haa` eaz in dm` ya~# xd{ map mnkn{{dzocy haa` eaz foi# nf1

;;

http://www.latimes.com/topic/education/colleges-universities/yale-university-OREDU0000166.topic

http://www.latimes.com/topic/health/medical-specialization/psychology-13003003.topic

http://www.latimes.com/topic/health/medical-specialization/psychology-13003003.topic

http://www.latimes.com/topic/education/colleges-universities/yale-university-OREDU0000166.topic



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


md{pomn{{ ae apfnz omòuo`~dc{-*’ Dm` pfny {dy Jcaai fd{ {faxm –omedmp{ om pfnoz eoz{p

yndz ae coen `niam{pzdpn d{rnkp{ ae dm ommdpn {nm{n ae zohfp dm` xzamh# haa` dm` jd`#

nunm edoz dm` ~medoz-’

Pfnm pfny idgn pfn kcdoi –Jnyam` r{ykfacahokdc d`drpdpoam{ dm` inkfdmo{i{# {konmpo{p{

fdun ò{kaunzn` mn~zacahokdc nvrcdmdpoam{ eaz xfdp idmy ompnzrznp d{ nuo`nmkn ae òuomn

nvo{pnmkn-’

Pfai{am dm` D~gaenz pfomg –pfn jnppnz xn ~m`nz{pdm` f~idm r{ykfacahy dm` mn~zacahy#

pfn iazn xn xocc ~mkaunz pfn ~m`nzrommomh{ ae zncohoam- [ain ae pfni# cogn pfn

dppdkfinmp {y{pni# r~{f ~{ paxdz` d jncone om ha`{ dm` idgn `nrdzpomh ezai op

nvpzdazòmdzocy òeeok~cp-’

Pfn pxa d~pfaz{ {pdpn# –Cogn a~z rfy{oacahokdc @MD# pfn r{ykfacahokdc inkfdmo{i{

jnfom` edopf nuacun` aunz pfn nam{ pfza~hf mdp~zdc {ncnkpoam- Pfny fncrn` a~z dmkn{paz{

xazg neenkpouncy om {idcc hza~r{ dm` {~zuoun dm` znrza`~kn-’

^{omh pfo{ –`dpd#’ pfny kamkc~`n –Om znknmp yndz{ {konmpo{p{ {rnkodco|omh om pfn iom` fdun

jnh~m pa ~mzdunc zncohoam({ *@MD-* Pfny fdun rza`~kn` zaj~{p pfnazon{# jdkgn` jy

nirozokdc nuo`nmkn &omkc~òmh *oidhomh* {p~òn{ ae pfn jzdom dp xazg/# pfdp {~rrazp pfn

kamkc~{oam pfdp op xd{ f~idm{ xfa kzndpn` Ha`# map pfn apfnz xdy dza~m`-’

D{ d {konmpo{p iy{nce# O xo{f xn ka~c` à dxdy xopf azhdmo|n` zncohoam# map jnkd~{n O à

map jnconun om Ha`# j~p `~n pa op{ `n{pz~kpoun mdp~zn aunz pfn ka~z{n ae f~idm nunmp{-

Iazn rnarcn fdun jnnm goccn` om pfn mdin ae zncohoam pfdm dmy apfnz nvk~{n gmaxm pa

idmgom`- Fduomh {do` pfdp# O à map jnconun @dxgom{# az pfn{n pxa j~ijcomh d~pfaz{#

fdun rzaun` idm kzndpn` Ha`# az pfn mam)nvo{pnmkn ae Ha`- Am pfn kampzdzy# op kdm jn

dzh~n` Ha` r~p pfn{n nvdkp kfdzdkpnzo{pok{ om a~z @MD ~{omh mdp~zdc {ncnkpoam {a xn

xa~c` zo{n djaun pfn xazi# eo{f# iamgny &dm` @dxgom{/ dm` jnconun om d [~rznin

Jnomh- O indm# oe pfn{n kfdzdkpnzo{pok{ xnzn map rdzp ae a~z @MD# pfnm fax ka~c` xn

;0

http://www.latimes.com/topic/health/human-body/dna-HHA000078.topic

http://www.latimes.com/topic/health/human-body/dna-HHA000078.topic



Iokfdnc J~{jy¯:242


jnconun om Ha` dp dcc1 @a iamgny{ jnconun om Ha` &ae ka~z{n xn gmax @dxgom{ àn{

map/1 @a eo{f jnconun om Ha`1 @an{ ya~z kdp az àh jnconun om Ha`1 [a# O pfomg pfo{ dzpokcn

àn{ iazn pa rzaun pfn nvo{pnmkn ae d [~rznin Jnomh# pfdm op àn{ pa rzaun pfn mam)

nvo{pnmkn ae d Ha`- Op o{ dcc d idppnz ae rnz{rnkpoun# nf1

Eomdccy# dm` dja~p poin paa# xn fd un dm {konmpoeok nvrcdmdpoam eaz dpfno{i - Ezai

Pfai{am dm` D~gaenz dzh~inmp{# xn kdm zndkf pfn kamkc~{oam dpfno{p{ ò` map omfnzop pfn

drrzarzodpn @MD eaz jnconuomh om Ha`- Idyjn pfdp xd{ @dxgom{‟ rzajcni# dc{a-

@n{kdzpn edia~{cy {do`# *O pfomg# pfnzneazn O di-* Om pfn nm` fn `nko`n` fn jnconun` om Ha`

pfnzneazn# Fn nvo{pn`- [ainxfnzn dcamh pfn xdy# @n{kdzpn zndco|n` edopf xd{ dm oirazpdmp

pzdop pa fdun-

O fdun kaunzn` d cap ae idpnzodc om pfo{ pzndpo{n- Pa rzauo`n d {~iidzy# O jnconun xopf ndkf

mnx# pz~n# {konmpoeok ̀ o{kaunzy ;5# {konmkn o{ rzauomh pfn nvo{pnmkn ae Ha` jnyam` dmy à~jp# ma

edopf mnn`n` zndccy7 amcy d gnnm nyn dm` ma{n pa {nrdzdpn pfn j~cc{fop ezai pfn zndc `ndc-

O xo{f eaz ya~ d xam`nze~c `dy-

;5 O mnn` pa òeenznmpodpn pfn zndc ò{kaunzon{ ae {konmkn {~kf d{ pfn ò{kaunzy ae ncnkpzaidhmnpo{i xfokf

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Christianity, Anne Rice, Richard Dawkins, Stephen Hawking, and Me

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