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Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx...

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ORDP Report No. 2: InSeason Management of Perennial Sow Thistle with Stinger Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck Cornell Cooperative Extension Vegetable Program Cornell Cooperative Extension Vegetable Program Empire Produce Expo, Syracuse, NY: January 21, 2014 Part 2 of 3
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Page 1: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

ORDP Report No. 2:In‐Season Management of 

Perennial Sow Thistle with Stinger

Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth BuckCornell Cooperative Extension Vegetable Program

Cornell Cooperative ExtensionVegetable Program

Empire Produce Expo, Syracuse, NY: January 21, 2014

Part 2 of 3

Page 2: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Page 3: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Treatment Rate Crop Stage Weed Stage Date1. Untreated Weedy Check2. Hand weeded Check 4‐leaf NE to EB Jun‐183B. Loop + Kill Plot:StingerStingerStingerStinger

4 fl oz8 fl oz8 fl oz8 fl oz

Loop2.5‐leaf4‐leaf7‐8 leaf

NE to ERNE to LRNE to MBEB to MB

May‐9Jun‐7Jun‐20Jul‐5

8. 4 fl oz x 4:StingerStingerStingerStinger

4 fl oz4 fl oz4 fl oz4 fl oz

2.5‐leaf4‐leaf6‐leaf7‐8 leaf

NE to LRNE to MBNE to EbudEB to MB

Jun‐7Jun‐20Jun‐27Jul‐5

9. 8 fl oz x 2:StingerStinger

8 fl oz8 fl oz

2.5‐leaf4‐leaf

NE to LRNE to MB

Jun‐7Jun‐20

Page 4: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Treatment Rate Crop Stage Weed Stage Date10. 16 fl oz x 1:Stinger  16 fl oz 4‐leaf NE to EB Jun‐2011: High‐Low + 4:Stinger StingerStinger

8 fl oz4 fl oz4 fl oz

2.5‐leaf4‐leaf6‐leaf

NE to LRNE to MBNE to Ebud

Jun‐7Jun‐20Jul‐5

12. Low‐High + 4:StingerStingerStinger

8 fl oz4 fl oz4 fl oz

2.5‐leaf4‐leaf7‐8 leaf

NE to LRNE to MBEB to Mbud

Jun‐7Jun‐20Jul‐5

15. Standard:StingerStinger

4 fl oz4 fl oz

4‐leaf6‐leaf

NE to LRNE to MB

Jun‐20Jul‐5

Page 5: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

1700

710

2080

280

7010

130

460

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1. Untreatedcheck

2. handweeded

3B. Kill plot 8. Max 16 4 x 49. Max 16 8 x 2 10. Max 16 16x 1

11. Max 16 Hi‐Low + 4

12. Max 16Low‐Hi + 4

15. Standard

Weed Biom

ass fresh weight (g/0.5m

2)

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle:Weed Biomass (Aug‐13)

a

c

b

bc

cc

cc

bc

untreated

kill plot

hand weeded

Max 16Hi‐Low + 4

Max 16Low‐Hi + 4

standard:4 @ 4L4 @ 6L

Max 164 x 4

Max 168 x 2

Max 1616 x 1 @ 4L

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Page 6: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

Ground Cover Measured by: No. live plants every foot per 2 transects per plot

Page 7: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

64.9

98.7

8792.2

85.7

92.2 90.9

42.9

58.2

98.895.3

83.5

95.999.4

92.3

72.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

2. hand weeded 3B. Kill plot 8. Max 16 4 x 4 9. Max 16 8 x 2 10. Max 16 16 x1

11. Max 16 Hi‐Low + 4

12. Max 16 Low‐Hi + 4

15. Standard

% weed control

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle:% Weed Control (Jul‐30 & Aug‐13)

% weed control (ground cover) Jul‐30 % control (fresh weight) Aug‐13

kill plot

hand weeded

Max 16Hi‐Low + 4

Max 16Low‐Hi + 4

standard:4 @ 4L4 @ 6L

Max 164 x 4 Max 16

8 x 2Max 16

16 x 1 @ 4L

1 2635 4

87

Page 8: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

• The most susceptible stage of perennial sow thistle to kill with Stinger pre‐solstice is the mid‐rosette stage.– 5‐9 leaves– 4‐7 inches in diameter

• Weed is self‐sufficient, not depending on parent rhizome for nourishment

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Page 9: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

• Late‐rosette and early‐bolt stages of perennial sow thistle most difficult to control pre‐solstice.

• Energy flow is generally upward

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Early Bolt plants are those with any sign of a vertical shoot up to about 6” tall.

Large rosette plants have many expanded leaves, are >7 inches across, and have not yet started to grow a flower stalk.

Page 10: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

1. Untreated

Jun‐27‐3013 Jul‐30‐3013

Page 11: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)15. Standard: Stinger 4 fl oz at 4‐leaf & 6‐leaf

Jul‐30‐3013

Page 12: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

8. 4 fl oz x 4: Stinger 4 fl oz at 2.5‐leaf, 4‐leaf, 6‐leaf & 7‐8‐leaf

June 27, 2013

Killed 90% of rosettes

Early and mid‐bolt escapes with injury

Jul‐30: rhizomes not healthy

Page 13: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)9. 8 fl oz x 2: Stinger 8 fl oz at 2.5‐leaf & 4‐leaf

June 27, 2013

90% kill overall, including rosettes and early‐bolt

Page 14: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

12. Low+High + 4: Stinger 4 fl oz (2.5‐leaf) + 8 fl oz (4‐leaf) + 4 fl oz (6‐leaf)

June 27, 2013

60% kill overall, including rosettes and some early‐bolt.

Early‐bolt that escaped first app were not killed by the second app.

New emergence. 

Page 15: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

11. High‐Low + 4: Stinger 8 fl oz (2.5‐leaf) + 4 fl oz (4‐leaf) + 4 fl oz (6‐leaf)

June 27, 2013 plants that are dead above‐ground also have dead rhizomes

70% kill overall:Rosettes & some early‐bolt killed,  minor new emergence, early‐bolt struggling to survive.

some root pruning

Page 16: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

June 27, 2013

High‐Low

Untreated

Low‐High

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Page 17: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

10. 16 fl oz x 1: Stinger 16 fl oz at 4‐leaf

Excellent below‐ground kill

Best control of large weeds pre‐solstice (LB) NE continued to grow untreatedJul‐30‐3013

Page 18: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

10. 16 fl oz x 1: Stinger 16 fl oz at 4‐leaf

Aug‐7, 2013

Page 19: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

3B. Kill Plot: Stinger 4 fl oz at loop + 8 fl oz (2.5‐leaf, 4‐leaf & 7‐8‐leaf)

Jul‐30‐3013

Stinger 8 fl oz eventually killed most of escapes from loop stage app.  No NE.  Best treatment overall!

Page 20: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

2. Hand weeded at 4‐leaf (Jun‐18)

Jun‐27‐3013

Hand weeded when onions at 4‐leaf on Jun‐18

Page 21: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

Hand weeding stimulates bud‐break on rhizomes

Page 22: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle (Main)

2. Hand weeded at 4‐leaf

Compared to untreated, weeds in hand weeded plots were delayed, parent rhizomes had fewer adventitious roots and buds.

Page 23: Christy Hoepting and Elizabeth Buck · NE to MB EBto MB May‐9 Jun‐7 Jun‐20 Jul‐5 8. 4flozx 4: Stinger Stinger Stinger Stinger 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 4floz 4oz fl 2.5‐leaf 4‐leaf

Future Research Plans:• Investigate 6 fl oz and 12 fl oz• Trial Starane and Garlon for feasibility of controlling perennial sow thistle in onions including efficacy and crop tolerance

• Investigate strategies to align susceptible weed stage with crop tolerance of growth regulator herbicides.

In‐Season Management of Perennial Sow Thistle


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