CHURCH HISTORY II CHURCH HISTORY II Lesson 32Lesson 32

European Christianity in the 19th Century

ENGLAND

I. THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND

A. The Broad Church

Latitudinarianism

The Church is NOT in good condition

B. The evangelical movementThe “low” church

1. Evangelical revival

2. Departure of the Methodists

3. Church evangelicals-late 18th, early 19th century

John Newton

1725-1807

Thomas Scott

1747-1821

The Force of Truth

Commentary on the Bible

“If there be anything of the work of God in my soul, I owe much of it to his (Scott’s) preaching when I first set out in the way of the Lord” Wm Carey

“the Bible will teach predestination, election, and final perseverance in spit of my twisting and expounding it to try to make it teach something else.”

Charles Simeon

1759-1836

Holy Trinity Church, Cambridge

Horae Homileticae

21 volumes2,536 sermons

THE CLAPHAM SECT

Lay Christians putting evangelical life into practice

William Wilberforce

1759-1833

“God Almighty has put before me two great objects-the abolition of the slave trade and the reformation of the manners (conduct) of England.”

1807 Abolition of slave trade1833 Emancipation of slaves

A Practical View of the Prevailing Religious System of Professed Christians, in the Higher and Middle Classes in this Country, Contrasted with Real Christianity (1797)

Development of an Evangelical Party in the Church of England

J. C. Ryle (1815-1900)

Bishop of Liverpool

Handley G C Moule

1841-1920Bishop of Durham

John R W Stott

J. I. Packer

C. Anglo-Catholicism the ‘high’ church

The Oxford Movement Tractarians

John Henry Newman (1801-1890)

Apolgia Pro Vita SuaCardinal Newman

Bishop Ryle: 1) Broad Church

2) Efforts to ‘un-Protestanize’ Church of England

Bishop Gene RobinsonRt. Rev. Katherine Jeffers SchoriPresiding Bishop, Episcopal Church USA

II. THE NONCOMFORMIST

C H Spurgeon (1834-1892)

Great Preacher

Doctrinal Preacher

The Forgotten Spurgeon

Iain MurrayDefender of the Evangelical Faith

Downgrade Controversy

“The best preacher to preach Reformed Doctrine so that the common man could understand it”

Dr. David Calhoun, 1999

SCOTLAND

The Ordination of Elders in a Scottish Kirk John Lorimer

I. BACKGROUND

A. Settlement of 1690Church of Scotland

1743 The Reformed Presbyterian Church

“Associate”

B. Outside Groups

1. Scottish Episcopalians

2. Covenanters

“The Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America”

1560-1690 ‘tumultuous years’

1603 One King

1660-1689 Restoration of Stuarts

1690: One King/Two ChurchesAnglican-EnglandPresbyterian-Scotland

II. CHURCH OF SCOTLAND

A. Thomas Halyburton (1664-1712)

“Sanctification by Vinegar”

B. Marrow Controversy1. Archerader Presbytery

“Do you subscribe to the following: I believe that it is not sound and orthodox to teach that we must forsake sin in order to come to Christ?”

Thomas Boston

1676-1732

The Marrow of Modern Divinity

Edward Fisher (1645-48)

Ettrick, Scotland

Human Nature in its Four Fold StateCrook in the Lot

•Is anything required before we come to Christ, or is coming to Christ all that we need to do?

•Can we tell people that?

C. The Moderates

Robert Burns

“My creed is very nearly expressed by the words ‘Lord grant that we lead a good life for a good life makes a good end; at least it helps!”

John Witherspoon

1723-94

“Moderate preaching is like a winter’s day-brief, dark, and cold.”

D. Two Great Problems

1. Dead Orthodoxy

2. Patronage

IV. “The Seceders”

Ebenezer Erskine

1680-1754

1. The Associate Presbytery, 1733

2. Relief Presbytery, 1761

V. Other Church Bodies

1. Scottish Episcopalians

2. Congregationalists & Baptists

James Haldane

1768-1851

Robert Haldane

1764-1842

VI. Roman Catholicism

VII. Renewal and Division

A. Missions

B. Robert Murray McCheyne

Missions abroad

Holiness at home

1829 Alexander Duff

C. “Ten Years Conflict”

“The Disruption” 1743

400 Ministers, 400 Elders, 1/3 of the Churches

Thomas Chalmers

1780-1847

“I am now most thoroughly convinced that in the system of ‘do this and live’ there is no peace; it is ‘believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved!’

The Free Church of Scotland

William Cunningham ‘Rabbi’ John

Duncan

Horatius Bonar

“he was the only man I ever knew who appeared to me to believe and to love every word of God without preferring one above another”

A. Moody Stuart“Every sin will be adequately punished, bless be God,not every sinner!”

Evangelicals in Scotland Today

1. Free Church of Scotland

“Wee Free’s”

2. Church of Scotland

William Still

Eric Alexander

Rutherford House

What J.I. Packer Would Say to a New Christian

J.I. Packer