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Church of San Francisco of Caracas

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Nelson Gonzalez Leal
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nelson gonzález leal Church of San Francisco of Caracas
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Page 1: Church of San Francisco of Caracas

nelson gonzález leal

Church of San Francisco of Caracas

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NELSON GONZÁLEZ LEAL

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CHURCH OF SAN FRANCISCO OF CARACAS

Text and photos: Nelson González Leal

Churches are most often seen from outside. Usually the images from portals, travel guides and magazines are with buildings and religious monuments that give attention to the facades and exterior ornaments, leaving the church icons jealously-kept-inside.

The large access doors, the imposing towers, the arabesques of the beams, arches and pillars, the altar full of sculptures, signs and symbols, figures of saints and virgins, candles, altars and confessionals are the focal point of the tourism operator and people's eyes.

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However, for those seeking spiritual and not aesthetic wonders, churches should be seen from within as the sacred spaces they are. Starting with their internal spatial length, that is opened to the sensations of the procession and the return of the sacramental acts, to the suggestiveness of the proclamation and the redeeming answer that congregates give in their auditoria spaces, the churches awe and move the communion, even outside the usual ceremonies held on Sundays.

As places for encounter and spiritual communion, the churches have evolved through the centuries, to a different profile, different from that of a space for the political and social assembly, without losing the link with the objective events that can shake our society.

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The Church of San Francisco of Caracas, Venezuela, for example, was the scene of some events of high national importance, since the meeting held on August the 6th 1813, when Simón Bolívar was proclaimed " General Captain of the Armies of Venezuela, alive and liberator". There, General Bolívar received the highest political honor to be granted in a man's life, as a liberator of the oppressed peoples of America. And in 1842, the church welcomed his remains. The Church of San Francisco of Caracas, located on the corner of San Francisco and the Stock Exchange on University Avenue in the historic center (Cathedral Parish of the Liberator Municipality) has a neo-baroque architectural style and began to be built in 1593 under the design of Antonio Ruiz Ullán, as an annex to the Convent of San Francisco, now the Palace of the Academies.

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From 1593 onwards, this religious building was subject to various repairs and reconstructions, starting with what must have been done after the earthquake of 1641, which resulted in severe damage to the structure and continued with the significant reforms of 1745, which increased the height of the front door and reconstructed the three original ships, as well as the construction of the altar dedicated to the Holy Child of Bethlehem in 1767. Finally, on April the 6th 1956, the Church of San Francisco of Caracas becomes a National Historic Monument. Entering the Church of San Francisco of Caracas is to witness 417 years of spiritual path, never disconnected, as well as the country's political history, because it is located directly across from the Legislative Palace Venezuela. The impression given by the temple is amplified and influenced by the way the light penetrates the cracks and gives value to the internal volume, and the intimate connection that the parishioners establish with it.

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Both factors seem to merge in a unique testimony of silence and human and religious fervor. Volume, space, lines, curves and light, silence, communion and humanity, they all make the visual structure of the interior of the Church of San Francisco and give the city of Caracas one of the most beautiful architectural environments and deep religious absolutism.

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IGLESIA DE SAN FRANCISCO DE CARACASTexto y fotos: Nelson González Leal

Suele verse a las iglesias desde afuera. Por lo general las imágenes que los portales, guías y revistas de turismo presentan de los edificios y monumentos religiosos dan prevalencia a las fachadas y ornamentos exteriores, luego a los íconos que las iglesias guardan –con celo- en su interior.

Las grandes puertas de acceso, los imponentes campanarios, los arabescos de las vigas, arcos y pilares, los retablos plagados de esculturas, signos y símbolos religiosos, las figuras de santos y vírgenes, cirios, altares y confesionarios son el punto focal preferido del operador turístico y de la mirada ajena, por lo general laica.

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Sin embargo, para quien busca espiritualidad y no asombro estético, las iglesias son abordadas desde adentro como espacios sacros. Desde su longitud espacial interna, que se abre a las sensaciones propias de la procesión y el regreso de los actos sacramentales, hasta la sugestividad de la proclamación y la respuesta redentora que se congrega en sus espacios auditoriales, las iglesias sobrecogen y obligan a la comunión, incluso fuera de las consabidas ceremonias de domingo.

Como sitios de encuentro y comunión espiritual las iglesias han desarrollado a través de los siglos un perfil ciudadano diferente y distinto al de los espacios para la asamblea social y política, sin perder por ello el vínculo con los hechos que pueden estremecer de manera objetiva a la sociedad.

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La Iglesia de San Francisco, en Caracas, Venezuela, por ejemplo, fue escenario de acontecimientos de alta relevancia nacional, como la reunión que se celebró el 6 de agosto de 1813 para proclamar a Simón Bolívar "Capitán General de los ejércitos de Venezuela, vivo y efectivo y con el nombre de Libertador".

Allí el General Bolívar recibió el mayor honor político que se le concediera en su vida, el nombramiento como Libertador de los pueblos oprimidos de América. Y en 1842 este templo acogió sus restos.

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La Iglesia de San Francisco de Caracas, ubicada entre las esquinas de San Francisco y la Bolsa en la avenida Universidad, en el casco central (Parroquia Catedral del Municipio Libertador), es de estilo arquitectónico neobarroco y comienza a ser construida en 1593 bajo el diseño de Antonio Ruiz Ullán como un anexo del Convento de San Francisco, hoy Palacio de las Academias.

De 1593 en adelante esta edificación religiosa es objeto de varias reparaciones y reconstrucciones, empezando por la que debió realizarse luego del terremoto de 1641, que produjo daños severos a la estructura, para continuar con las significativas reformas de 1745, donde se aumenta el alto de la puerta principal y se reconstruyen las tres naves originales, y con la construcción del altar dedicado al Santo Niño de Belén en 1767.

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Finalmente, el 6 de abril de 1956 la Iglesia de San Francisco de Caracas es declarada Monumento Histórico Nacional.

Entrar en la Iglesia de San Francisco de Caracas es abordar 417 años de trayectoria espiritual que turban, nunca desvinculada, además, de la historia política del país, por estar ubicada justo frente al Palacio Legislativo venezolano.

La impresión que produce este templo deriva también de la forma en que la luz penetra sus resquicios y revaloriza el volumen interno y de la concordancia íntima que los feligreses establecen con éste.Ambos factores parecen unirse en un testimonio único de silencio y fervor religioso y humano.

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Volumen, espacio, líneas, curvaturas y luz, silencio, comunión y humanidad, conforman la estructura visual del interior de la Iglesia de San Francisco y otorgan a la ciudad de Caracas uno de los ambientes arquitectónicos de mayor belleza y de profundo absolutismo religioso.

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photographer NELSON GONZÁLEZ LEAL


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