CHITKARA UNIVERSITY

effects of smoking cigarette

Presented by ;: Sabbir Ali:Pharm.D

SMOKING

Smoking is inhaling and exhaling the smoke produced by the burning of tobacco in cigars, pipes and cigarettes.

Cigarette

Cigarette is a cylindrical roll of shredded or ground tobacco that is wrapped in a paper or another substance that does not contain tobacco.

History The history of smoking dates back to as

early as 5000 BC in shamanistic rituals. In 1865, a man named Washington Duke

from north carolina began to roll cigarette and sell them to others for profit.

In 1883 James Bonsack invented a machine that could roll cigarette and produce thousands per day.

history

The smoking of tobacco, as well as various hallucinogenic drugs was used to achieve trance and to come in contact with the spirit world.

Cannabis smoking was common in sub-saharan Africa through Ethiopia and the east African coast in the middle east before the arrival of tobacco, and was early on a common social activity that centered around the type of water pipe called a hookah.

what are in cigarette• cigarette smoke contains over 4,000 different

chemicals and compounds.(60 are known carcinogene)

List of major chemicals and compounds

Nicotine Tar Ammonia Lead Licorice Cocoa Carbon monoxide Carbon disulfide Hydrogen cyanide

Menthol Acetone Arsenic Polonium-210 Cadmium Mercury Benzene Formaldehyde acetylaldehyde

nicotine (insecticide/addictive drug )

One of the most addictive substance known to man, a powerful and fact acting medical and non-medical poison.

Tar

Particulate matter drawn into lungs when you inhale on a lighted cigarette. once inhaled, smoke condenses and about 70% of the tar in the smoke is deposited in the smokers lung.

ammonia (toilet cleaner)

Ammonia an alkali found in dry cleaning fluids is added to cigarette to speed the rate which nicotine is absorbed through the blood stream and blood-brain-barrier. It raises the ph levels of smoke creating “free nicotine” which can be absorbed by the body more quickly than “bound nicotine”.

Carbon monoxide (car exhaust fumes)

An odorless, tasteless and poisonous gas, rapidly fatal in large amount -its is the major gas in cigarette smoke, formed when the cigarette is lit.

Hydrogen cyanide

Gas chamber poison

ArsenicRat poison

Acetonene (nail polish remover)

Volatile liquid ketone, used as a solvent, for e.g nail polish remover.

Benzene (gas additive)

a colorless cyclic hydrocarbon obtained from coal and petroleum, used as solvent in fuel and in chemical manufacture.

It’s a known as carcinogen and is associated with leukaemia.

Polonium-210 (radon)

A radio active element found in smoke and is equivlent to the radiation from 4 chest x-rays.

Formaldehyde (embalming fluid)

A colorless liquid, highly poisonous, used preserve dead bodies. Known to cause caner, respiratory skin and gastrointestinal problems.

Cocoa, licorice and menthol

Cocoa and licorice when burned together, act as bronchodilaters allowing greater amount of smoke inhalation providing larger amounts of nicotine delivery.

Menthol used to anesthetize the throat so the smoker doesn’t feel the irritating effects.

Reason for smoking To feel relaxed To look and be cool They enjoy smoking Peer pressure They are mirroring other Social integration They are psychologically dependent it’s an addiction Stress removal To think properly

Effects of smoking Effect-1

Respiratory system

smoking can cause of dangerous disease like, asthma, tuberculosis, lung cancer, emphysema, feeling out of breath, pneumonia, cold and flu.

Effect-2 Digestive system

it creates peptic ulcer, gallstones, stomach cancer, and heart burn.

Effect-3 Lungs

When a person smoke then tobacco makes blockage in lungs, and gradually it develops lung cancer

Effect-4 Cardiovascular system

Increase heart rate Elevated blood pressure Tissue hypoxemia Increase fibrolytic and platelet activity

Effect-5

Immune system

Decrease neutrophil activity Impaired wound healing Impaired immunity increases the risk for lung

infections.

Effect-6 Musculoskeletal system

Increase risk of osteoporosis, fracture, herniation of an intervertebral disk.

Effect-7 Skin

Smoking badly effect on human skin. it can cause of aging, wrinkles, scaring and capillaries on the skin.

Effect-8 Heart attack

It leads to inadequate blood supply due to the effect of carbon monoxide discharge from tobacco

Also leads to, Heart failure Stroke

Effect-9 Brain

Brain goes to the un-conscious level at the time of intoxication and it kills essential tissues of the brain.

It can also cause of blood clotting in brain.

Effect-10 Cancer

Tobacco use leads to most commonly to disease affecting the heart and lungs, and being a major risk factor for cancer

WHO estimate the tobcco caused 100 million death over the course of 20th century.

• For, Look and feel healthier Save money Be save and save other

from fatal disease Smile brighter Live longer Set an example