Circumstance

By: Lena, Jaclyn, Jennifer, Sheena, Nilani and Rafia

Parameters in which an event:

Can or cannot happen

Whether the event has happened already, or will

happen in the future

and

Circumstance is composed of two strategies:

1. The Possible and the Impossible

2. Past Fact and Future Fact

The Possible and the Impossible

What?

Inspires audience with confidence in reality of accomplishing something, using examples of people who have completed similar or identical acts

Possible and Impossible

More similar the example, the more persuasive the argument

Possible and Impossible

Advantages

Strategy proves to audience that desirable act is attainable

Possible and Impossible

Disadvantages

Two things are never equally possible, or impossible

Possible and Impossible

Examples

If something has a beginning it can have an end, vice versa

Possible and Impossible

Parts possible

Whole thing possible

Possible and Impossible More

Examples…

Possible and Impossible

If something can be produced without preparation, it can be done

with the aid of preparation

Continued…

Past Fact and Future Fact

What?

Factor in which an incident/event has happened in the past or will happen in the future.

Past Fact and Future Fact

Advantages

Both use deductive reasoning (arguing from probable premise(s) to draw a probable conclusion(s)).

Past Fact and Future Fact

Past; degree of probability increases with frequency of occurrence.

Past Fact and Future Fact

Advantages Continued…

The more attempts you make and the more faith you have, the more likely it will occur; which creates optimism.

Disadvantages

Not everything that has happened will happen again.

Ex. Dinosaurs, Polar bears

Past Fact and Future Fact

Past Fact and Future Fact

Disadvantages Continued…

Our presumptions effect our minds from thinking reasonably

Each fact must be supported with evidence otherwise it is considered unreliable.

Examples

Past If something that naturally follows something else has occurred,

then that something else has happened too.

Ex. Hear thunder, presume that lightning has flashed.

Past Fact and Future Fact

Future If antecedents/previous circumstances, of something are

present then the natural consequences that follow will occur.

Ex. Dark clouds have gathered, its going to rain.

Past Fact and Future FactMore

Examples…

If it was probable that it happened once then it could happen again.

Ex. If a boy stole money from his father before, then he is capable of stealing from his employer as well.

Past Fact and Future FactContinued…

If the power and desire to do something is present, then that

something will be done.Ex. If a nation has nuclear weapons then it becomes tempting to use it

against their enemy.

Past Fact and Future Fact

If the means are available, the end will be accomplished.

Ex. If someone has enough money to buy that special item, then they can

get it.

Past Fact and Future Fact

Thank you