• Class VMs • Star – for X demonstration and Lab 5• Trouble (Final and XC)• Duke (Lab 4)• Dutch (Class exercise – Instructor station only)
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Quiz
Please close your books, turn off your monitor, take out a blank piece of paper and answer the following questions:
•True or False? - Package managers like RPM check for dependencies.
•Which compression tool is faster, gzip or bzip2?
•What command would install the VMwareTools-1.0.5-80187.i386.rpm package?
CIS 191 – Lesson 7
Objectives Agenda
• Hour 1 - Debian Installation• Hour 2 - Network• Hour 3 – X Windows• Hour 4 – Lab 5 and Final preparation• Lab Time
• Quiz
• Questions from last week
• The Networking Layer
• Understanding X
• Debian Install
• Wrap up
= hands on exercise for topic
X Windows
CIS 191A
Lesson 1
VMware ServerUbuntu 8.04
Lesson 2
PartitioningMake file systemsRH9
Lesson 3
BootingDual bootFedora 9/DOS
Lesson 6
RPM, apt-getTarballs
Lesson 5
TroubleshootingCentOS Install
Lesson 4
RootingopenSUSE 11
Lesson 7
X windowsDebian InstallReview
Final
Course Skills Pacing
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Last weeks Assignment
• Questions on previous material or assignments?
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Debian
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Debian GNU/Linux
• Debra and Ian Murdock
• "Social Contract" with the Free Software Community1. Debian will remain 100% free2. We will give back to the free software community3. We will not hide problems4. Our priorities are our users and free software5. Works that do not meet our free software standards
•APT package management system
•Ubuntu, Damn Small Linux, Knoppix many others based on
• debian-40r4a-i386-DVD-1.iso• Create a VM named dutch with 5 GB hard drive• Install Debian any way you want on the VM• Use APT to install the chess program
• /etc/sysconfig/network - Contains host name and default gateway
• /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 - Contains IP address and network mask
Note: To make permanent network configuration changes, modify these files then restart the network. For Red Hat use:
service network restart
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Networking LayerNetwork Files
/etc/hosts - Contains host name/ip-address pairs
[root@star ~]# cat /etc/hosts# Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail.127.0.0.1 star.localdomain star localhost.localdomain localhost::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6[root@star ~]#
[root@star ~]# ping 192.168.0.1PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=8.44 ms64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=2.93 ms64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=2.89 ms64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=2.83 ms
--- 192.168.0.1 ping statistics ---4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3001msrtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.830/4.275/8.441/2.406 msYou have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root[root@star ~]#
[root@star ~]# ftp 192.168.0.42Connected to 192.168.0.42.220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5)530 Please login with USER and PASS.KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication typeName (192.168.0.42:root): cis191331 Please specify the password.Password:230 Login successful.Remote system type is UNIX.Using binary mode to transfer files.ftp> ls227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,42,195,109)150 Here comes the directory listing.drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 1024 Aug 22 15:18 Desktop-rw------- 1 1000 1000 1923179 Oct 06 08:18 lab4.simmsmar226 Directory send OK.ftp> mget *mget Desktop? nmget lab4.simmsmar? y227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,42,103,188)150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for lab4.simmsmar (1923179 bytes).226 File send OK.1923179 bytes received in 0.44 seconds (4.3e+03 Kbytes/s)ftp> bye221 Goodbye.[root@star ~]#
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
X
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XOverview
• One of the original open source projects • Developed at MIT • Criticisms of X• Handles fonts poorly • Security issues• Overly complex
• Recent improvements to XFree86
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XOverview
X server
Local X clients
Remote X clients
Network
X clients are programs with a graphical user interface:
• xeyes• xlogo• firefox• gimp• etc.
User's System
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XThe Components of X
• Server Component• most important component • controls input devices • controls video hardware • VGA and hardware specific servers
• Client Component• clients are what the user sees • window manager provides access to individual clients
and windows e.g. metacity, mwm, twm, sawfish, enlightenment ... • file manager - client that acts as a graphical shell
allowing access to the file system • desktop manager - provides login sessions,
authentication, and taskbar support
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XUnderstanding the XF86config File
• General Format of the File: 1. File Section 2. Keyboard Section 3. Pointer Section 4. Monitor Section 5. Graphics Device Section 6. Screen Section
• Testing the Configuration
• startx shell script – starts up your GUI desktop
• x, xinit commands
• xdm command• can be run only by root • usually used in startup scripts • shows graphical logon screen
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XStarting an X Window Session
xinit (bare bones X server and xterm)x (bare bones X server)
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XWindow Managers – widgets level (look and feel)
To close windows or exit using Tom's Window Manager, left click and hold on the background to get a pop-up menu, then select choice.
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Xover
Network
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
X over the NetworkClient – Server model (just reversed)
We will use Duke's X server to serve up a graphical display from a program running on Star.
StarDuke
localremote
The xclient runs hereThe xclient graphical output is displayed here using the local X server
Normally we refer to the remote computer running an application as the "server". It is the reverse with X.
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
ssh remote login with –X option
Note: the processes running on Star before and after the remote ssh login
Note: Using the –X option on ssh command to log into Star
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Note: xeyes process running on Star
Note: xeyes graphical output is displayed on Duke
Using X to run xeyes client program remotely
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Using X to run firefox client program remotely
Note: xfirefox processes running on Star
Note: firefox graphical output is displayed on Duke
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
X over the NetworkClient – Server model (just reversed)
We will use Duke's X server to serve up a graphical display from a program running on a Windows PC
StarWindowsVistaPC
localremote
The xclient runs hereThe xclient graphical output is displayed here using the local X server (cygwin)
Normally we refer to the remote computer running an application as the "server". It is the reverse with X.
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Using X with Microsoft Windows PC
2) Connect to Star (CentOS) with:ssh –X [email protected] run xeyes and xclock
1) Run Cygwin Bash Shell and enter:startx
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
New X commands:redhat-config-xfree86 - configures X server on RedHatstartx - runs the graphics desktopX - starts X serverxinit - starts X server and xterm terminalxhost - grants remote X-client access to serverxwd, xwud - create and view window dumps
New X Files and Directories:/etc/X11/XF86Config/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc and $HOME/.xinitrc/etc/X11/xinit/Xclients$HOME/.xauthority
New network commandsdhclient - request DHCP addresshostname - Show and set name of the systemifconfig - show current TCP/IP configurationping - Test connectivity to other hostsssh - runs secure login shell on remote systemscp - remote secure copyftp, telnet, rsh - Unsecure remote access commandswall, write, talk - local communication
New network related files/etc/sysconfig/network - hostname/etc/resolv.conf - DNS servers/etc/hosts - manual host and IP mappings
CIS 191 – Lesson 7
Next Class
Assignment: Check Calendar Page on web site to see what is due next week.
http://simms-teach.com/cis191ABcalendar.php
CIS 191 – Lesson 7
Backup
CIS 191 - Lesson 7
Understanding XConfiguring X
• Vital part of any Linux Installation• XF86Setup • xf86config • redhat-config-xfree86 (RedHat)
