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8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2
Establishing Frame Relay
ConnectionsModule 8
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-3
Objectives
Upon completing this module, you will beable to:
Use Cisco IOS commands to configure an operationalserial Frame Relay connection and Frame Relay
subinterfaces, given a functioning router
Use show commands to identify anomalies in anoperational serial Frame Relay connection and FrameRelay subinterfaces, given a functioning router
Use debug commands to identify events and anomaliesin an operational serial Frame Relay connection andFrame Relay subinterfaces, given a functioning routerand an operational serial Frame Relay connection
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-4
2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4
Frame Relay Overview
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-5
Objectives
Upon completing this lesson, you will beable to:
Describe the features and operation of a FrameRelay network
Define important Frame Relay terms includinglocal access rate, virtual circuit, PVC, SVC, DLCI,
CIR, InARP, LMI, FECN, and BECN
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-6
Frame Relay Overview
Connections made by virtual circuits
Connection-oriented service
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
7/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-7
Frame Relay Stack
OSI Reference Model Frame Relay
Physical
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data-Link
Application
EIA/TIA-232,
EIA/TIA-449, V.35,
X.21, EIA/TIA-530
Frame Relay
IP/IPX/AppleTalk, etc.
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
8/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-8
Frame Relay Terminology
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9/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-9
Frame Relay default: nonbroadcast, multiaccess (NBMA)
Selecting a Frame Relay Topology
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
10/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-10
Reachability Issues with Routing Updates
Problem:
Broadcast traffic must be replicated foreach active connection.
Split-horizon rule prevents routing updates received onone interface from being forwarded out the same interface.
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
11/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-11
Resolving Reachability Issues
Split horizon can cause problems in NBMA environments.
Subinterfaces can resolve split horizon issues.
Solution: A single physical interface simulates multiple logicalinterfaces.
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
12/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-12
Frame Relay Address Mapping
Use LMI to get locally significant DLCI from the Frame Relayswitch.
Use Inverse ARP to map the local DLCI to the remote routers
network layer address.
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13/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-13
Frame Relay Signaling
Cisco supports three LMI standards: Cisco
ANSI T1.617 Annex D
ITU-T Q.933 Annex A
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
14/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-14
Frame Relay Inverse ARPand LMI Signaling
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
15/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-15
Stages of Inverse ARPand LMI Operation
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16/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-16
How Service Providers Map FrameRelay DLCIs: Service Provider View
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
17/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-17
How Service Providers Map FrameRelay DLCIs: Enterprise View
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
18/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-18
Service ProviderFrame Relay-to-ATM Interworking
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
19/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-19
FRF.8 Service Interworking
8/14/2019 CISCO CCNA ICND PPT D20S08L01
20/22 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-20
Summary
Frame Relay is an ITU-T and ANSI standard that definesthe process for sending data over a public data network.
The core aspects of Frame Relay function at the lowertwo layers of the OSI reference model.
Knowing the terms that are used frequently whendiscussing Frame Relay is important to understandingthe operation and configuration of Frame Relay services.
Frame Relay allows you to interconnect your remote sitesin a variety of topologies including star, full mesh, andpartial mesh.
A Frame Relay NBMA topology may cause routing updatereachability issues, which are solved by usingsubinterfaces.
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2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.08-21
Summary (Cont.)
A Frame Relay connection requires that, on a VC, thelocal DLCI be mapped to a destination network layeraddress such as an IP address.
LMI is a signaling standard between the router and theFrame Relay switch that is responsible for managing the
connection and maintaining status between the devices.
Service providers map Frame Relay DLCIs so that DLCIswith local significance appear at each end of a FrameRelay connection.
FRF.5 provides network interworking functionality thatallows Frame Relay end users to communicate over anintermediate ATM network that supports FRF.5. FRF.8provides service interworking functionality that allows aFrame Relay end user to communicate with an ATM
end user.
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