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Software Defined Networks & Cisco Evolved Programmable Network
Alexander Preusche
Consulting Systems Engineer EMEAR
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Agenda
3
SDN Introduction and SP Industry Initiatives
Evolved Programmable Network – Infrastructure Layer
SDN Control and Orchestration Layer
Network Application Layer
– DEMO
Summary
SDN Introduction and SP Industry Initiatives
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
What is Software Defined Networking?
Separation of Control and Forwarding Plane
Centralized Management – Global View
Open and Programmable Flexibility and Innovation at Software Speed
Application Interaction
Virtualized Ressources
Simplicity, Automation
SDN Layers
Infrastructure Layer
NCS NCS
Open
APIs
Open
APIs
EDGE CORE
Access
VM VM
Edge
Core
VM
Orchestration and Control Layer
VM / Storage Control
Service Catalog Service Orchestration Apps
VM
Application Layer
CDN
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public 6
“…In the SDN architecture, the control and data planes are decoupled, network intelligence and state are logically centralized, and the underlying network infrastructure is abstracted from the applications…”
https://www.opennetworking.org/images/stories/downloads/white-papers/wp-sdn-newnorm.pdf
“Open protocol that specifies interactions between de-coupled control and data planes……..open standard that enables researchers to run experimental protocols in campus networks. Provides standard hook for researchers to run experiments, without exposing internal working of vendor devices……”
http://www.openflow.org/wp/learnmore/
Open source project formed by industry leaders and others under the Linux Foundation. “…OpenDaylight's mission is to facilitate a community-led, industry-supported open source framework, including code and architecture, to accelerate and advance a common, robust Software-Defined Networking platform…”
http://www.opendaylight.org/
Key SP Industry Initiatives (1) SDN, OpenFlow, Open Daylight
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Cisco Confidential 7
“Open vSwitch (OVS) is a production quality open source software switch designed to be used as a vswitch in virtualized server environments.……Open vSwitch supports standard management interfaces (e.g. sFlow, NetFlow, IPFIX, RSPAN, CLI), and is open to programmatic extension and control using OpenFlow and the OVSDB management protocol”
Self-Organizing Network (SON): ….Automation of some network planning, configuration and optimisation processes via the use of SON functions can help the network operator to reduce OPEX by reducing manual involvement in such tasks.
Key SP Industry Initiatives (2) SON, Openstack, Open vSwitch
http://www.3gpp.org
http://openvswitch.org
Open source software for building public and private Clouds; includes Compute (Nova), Networking (Neutron) and Storage (Swift) services.
http://www.openstack.org
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
NFV Initiative
– Initiative announced at “SDN and OpenFlow World Congress”, Darmstadt, Oct 2012
Use of cloud technology to support network functions
– Management, Control and Data plane components
Not technically related to SDN
Value Proposition
– Shorter innovation cycle
– Improved service agility
– Reduction in CAPEX and OPEX
ETSI based standardization
Extract from ”Network Functions Virtualisation – Introductory White Paper
Open
Innovation
Software
Defined
Networks
Network
Functions
Virtualisation
Key SP Industry Initiatives (3) NFV (Network Functions Virtualisation)
NFV = Transition of network infrastructure services to run on virtualised
compute platforms – typically x86
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
NAT
VM
Firewall
VM
SBC
VM
dDOS
VM
Virus Scan
VM
IPS
VM
DPI
VM
CGN
VM
Portal
VM
PCRF
VM
DNS
VM
DHCP
VM
BNG
VM
SDN Ctrl.
VM
RaaS
VM
WLC
VM
WAAS
VM
CDN
VM
Caching
VM
NMS
VM
Cisco UCS
Network infrastructure/Service Functions run on
Virtualized x86 compute platforms
• Key Enabler: Cloud
– Hypervisor & x86 compute hardware
– Network automation / orchestration
• Benefits:
– Faster service provisioning/Agility
– Shorter innovation cycle
– CAPEX & OPEX Savings
• SDN complementary, but not mandatory
NfV (Network Functions Virtualization)
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
The SDN Proposal The “purist” viewpoint
Data Plane
Control Plane
Data Plane
Provisioning Controller
Today SDN / OF
Devic
e
Vendor-specific
APIs
Openflow
Protocol
SDN Optimist View • Simpler to configure
• More flexible
• More scalable
• Cheaper/Monetisation
SDN Pessimist View • Reinventing the wheel
• Moving complexity around
protocol integrations
Centralised
Distributed
“…In the SDN architecture, the control and data planes are decoupled,
network intelligence and state are logically centralized, and the
underlying network infrastructure is abstracted from the applications…”
Openflow
Hardware
Key Factors in SDN evolution
• SDN needs “simplification” and an Evolution of current environment
• Collaborative “Hybrid” Control plane adoption
• Abstraction layers and Programmability via API’s/Protocols
• Use case driven based on SDN models
Conclusion: Derive the common themes and adapt to thrive
bring real value to SPs
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Centralized - PCE TE Path placement
Global topology view
Global TE requirements
Predictable tunnel placement
Network wide optimized tunnel placement
Distributed – Head End TE Path Calculation
Global topology view
Local TE requirements
Unpredictable TE tunnel placement
Overall n/w sub-optimal tunnel placement
“centralised optimisation enables ~30% more traffic for the same installed capacity”
PCE/ N/W SDN CONTROLLER
Centralized Control Example - Network Optimization
The Collaborative “Hybrid” Control Plane
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Distributed Control Example – IGP Network Convergence
CT = time to: detect failure + signal to controller + calculate new path + disseminate + update FIBs
Major failure multiple devices will be doing this at the same time
– Impulse load on controller and paths to controller, difficulty correlating of events, failure in paths to controllers
Distributed – Network Convergence
The Collaborative “Hybrid” Control Plane
Fully Centralized Control
RIB
FIB FIB FIB
CPU
CPU CPU CPU
IGP server
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
The Collaborative “Hybrid” Control Plane True Service Level Benefits
Distributed Components –Functions tightly coupled to data plane
– IGP convergence, OAM and physical link state driven protection, Distributed SON
Centralized Components –Functions where a holistic/abstracted view is required
– PCE (Path Computation Element) Traffic Placement : 30% efficiency, Centralised SON
Existing distributed control plane ->Augmented by centralised control plane function
Application
Distributed Control Plane
Data Plane
Centralized Control Plane
APIs
Traditional Control Plane
Architecture
(Distributed)
SDN Control Plane Architecture
(Centralized)
Collaborative Control Plane
Architecture
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Enable a holistic Network Programming model
Leverage and extend infrastructure at pace of the business
Deploy common applications across all devices
Extend/upgrade/add features without upgrading the network operating system
Reduced time to market by leveraging common platform for building services
Transport/Device/ASICs
Network Service
Management
Orchestration
Applications/Development Application development
frameworks, e.g. Spring,…
Programmatic network
automation,,..
Automated, policy directed service and cloud management, e.g. OpenStack, …
Network wide service access: Optimized paths (PCE), Topology & service selection (NPS/ALTO)
Device configuration, state monitoring, logging, debugging
Harvest Network
Intelligence
Program for Optimized
Experience
Forwarding
Control Common control abstractions: Security, Policy, Routing, ..
Common forwarding abstractions: Data-Path access, Flow-Forwarding, Tunneling, ..
“Strict SDN”
Network Programmability – Multiple Layers Full-Duplex access to the network at multiple layers and networking planes
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Application Frameworks, Management Systems, Controllers, ...
Device
Forwarding
Control
Network Services
Orchestration
Management
“Protocols”
onePK API & Agent Infrastructure
…
…
I2RS
I2RS
PCEP
PCEP
Ouantum
Neutron
OpenFlow
OpenFlow
OMI
OMI
Netconf
Netconf
Puppet
Puppet
BGP-LS
BGP-LS
onePK
Operating Systems – IOS / NX-OS / IOS-XR
BGP Diameter
Radius SNMP …
APIs and Agents Linkage to OnePK Framework
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
What is REST?
REpresentational State Transfer (REST) is an API architecture style that can use HTTP to send messages between a client and server, piggyback on existing HTTP Internet
Perl
Python
C#
Java
Server REST API
Applications HTTP Packets
Svr
.
Ap
p
• Using REST, applications can Create/Read/Update/Delete
• A REST service is platform-independent, language-independent
• App can be browser-based or standalone
Evolved Programmable Network - EPN
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
TDM Era
TDM rigidity limits new services, forces architectural shift
Voice Centric
Defined by reliability
IP NGN Era
Commoditization of IP services plus high traffic growth limits profitability
Network migration to multi-service transport & a single protocol
Data Centric
Defined by convergence and scale
Move into an applications centric service environment
Take advantage of the shift from static connectivity to virtualized service creation
EPN becomes the flexible network fabric linking data centres with SP networks
Application centric
Defined as programmatic and dynamic
Entering a New Era in the SP Network Evolution
Edge
Access/ Agg
IP Core
Orchestrated with Self-service
App & Network Interaction
Well-known Programmatic Interfaces
Autonomic, with Control & Visibility
Open & Pluggable
Configurable
Apps Independent of Network
Command Line Interface
Managed
Proprietary
Managed
Configurable
Apps Independent of Network
Command Line Interface
Proprietary
EVOLVED PROGRAMMABLE NETWORK
IPv6
EVOLVED SERVICES PLATFORM
APPLICATIONS
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Ultra HD
M2M
Cloud
Mobility Evolved Programmable Network
Open Network Strategy Open SDN/NFV Innovations for an Evolved Programmable Network
NCS NCS
Open
APIs
Open
APIs
EDGE CORE
Access
VM VM
Edge
Core
VM
Evolved Services Platform
VM / Storage Control
Service Catalog Service Orchestration Apps
VM
Applications
CDN
ACCELERATE
OPTIMIZE
MONETIZE ¥ £ € $
Always “ON”
On-Demand Services Anywhere
Dynamic Scale
Application
Interaction Seamless
Experience
Policy
Real-Time Analytics
Fully Virtualized
Intelligent Convergece
Automated
Open and Programmable
Access
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Deliver Ultra-High EPN Multi-Service Scalability Convergence without Compromise
Multi-service Hardware Design
• Line rate in the access • Per service HW
structures at PE • Scalable H-QoS • Multicast Replication • HW MAC Learning
HW Accelerated Ultra-High BFD and EOAM Performance & Scale
• 3.3ms BFD • 3.3ms CCM • Fast failure detection • Per LC scale
High Scale by Solution Architecture
• Common high scale
control plane • Optimized forwarding
resources • Scalable EFP-based
service termination
Modular IOS-XR
• Scale as you grow • Distribute processes
between RP and LC • Ultra-high Multi-
Dimension Scale with superior stability
Video Business Cloud Mobile
3.3
ms
Unified
MPLS
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Evolved Programmable Network Family Meeting the Needs of Today’s Challenges and Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Fixed and Mobile Convergence
Monetize IoE Opportunity
WAN + DC Physical and Virtual
Global Visibility and Programmability
Multi-Service Core Routing:
Drives 100GE multi-service density with MC Scale
CRS
NCS:
Flexible Network Fabric Converging Core, Edge, Optical, Access, and Data Centre
Edge Portfolio:
Optimized 10GE/100GE Ethernet Density for Scalable Business, Consumer , Mobile, Video
ASR Series
Data Centre
Dense 10GE/40GE/100GE
LAN/SAN Switching Fabric
Virtualized Compute Nexus
UCS
Elastic Access Portfolio:
Converged TDM/Ethernet Aggregation
GPON for wholesale and Mobile & Cloud demarc
Access
NCS
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Application Enabled Forwarding
- Each engineered application flow is mapped on a path
- A path is expressed as an ordered list of segments
- The network maintains segments
Simple: less Protocols, less Protocol interaction, less state
- No requirement for RSVP, LDP
Scale: less Label Databases, less TE LSP
- Leverage MPLS services & hardware
Forwarding based on Labels with simple ISIS/OSPF extension
50msec FRR service level guarantees
Leverage multi-services properties of MPLS
Millions of Applications
flows
A path is mapped on a
list of segments
The network only
maintains segments
No application
state
The state is no longer in the network but in the packet
Network (Physical and Virtual Infrastructure) Segment Routing (SR)
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
65
A packet injected anywhere
with top label 65 will reach Z
Nodal segment: Operator allocates a
label from the SR registry to each node.
For example Z is given label 65 9001
Adjacency segment: Node automatically
allocates a local label for each adjacency.
For example Label 9001 allocated for
adjacency O
A packet injected at node C
with label 9001 is forced
through datalink CO
Forwarding state (segment) is established by IGP
LDP and RSVP-TE are not required
MPLS Dataplane is leveraged without any
modification
push, swap and pop: all what we need
segment = label
A B C
M N O
Z
D
P
A B C D
Z
M N O P
Network (Physical and Virtual Infrastructure) Segment Routing (SR)
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Any explicit path can be expressed i.e. ABCOPZ
A B C
M N O
Z
D
P
9001
Packet to Z
65
9001
Packet to Z
65
Packet to Z
Packet to Z
65
Packet to Z
65
9001
72
Packet to Z
65
9001
72
72 72
65
65
Network (Physical and Virtual Infrastructure) Segment Routing Label usage
A B C D
Z
M N O P
SDN Controller / Service Orchestration
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
SDN Controller – Strategic vision
Two layered environment
Elementary Infrastructure Functions
- Basic capability to interact with the network
- NB APIs
- Device level APIs / Protocols
- Baseline capabilities
Controller application
- Function specific applications
- Utilises Infrastructure controller to interact with n/w
- Potentially multiple controller applications running
Other functions have their own controllers. Example OpenStack with Nova, Swift and glance
Topology Security Device Mgmt Data Collection Data Storage
Elementary Infrastructure Functions
Programming
Device APIs Netconf/Yang PCEP OpenFlow OnePK
Controller Application (Orchestration)
Controller Applications Management
Controller Applications
Applications
SDN Controller
Controller NB APIs
Virtual Networks
Packet Network
Optical
Network
Network/Device APIs
Controller Application
(Data Centre)
Controller Application
(Network)
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
SDN Controller Examples WAE, Tail-f/NCS & Opendaylight
WAE WAN Automation Engine
NCS Network Control System
ODL Opendaylight
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
WAN
R1
R2
R3
Cloud Consumer Customer Site
Deployment Collection
Service, Network and Analytics REST APIs
WAN Automation Engine
Content Sites
Service
Broker
WAN Automation Engine: Operational Model Enables Software to Software (Not Human to Human) Interactions
Consumer Service
Request DC Domain
Network Domain
Orchestration Engine
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Z with SLA (BW, lat)
shortest-path 65 straight to Z
provides the requested SLA
65
OK, use {65} OK, use {72, 9001, 65}
ABCOPZ meets SLA. I account the BW.
I encode the path as nodal segment to C, adj segment
to O, nodal segment to Z
72
65
9001
Congestion
WAN Controller Future Use-Case: Segment Routing with Centralized Control
A B C
M N O
Z
D
P
A B C D
Z
M N O P
Network Application - Demo
Topology viewer & ACL provisioning using Opendaylight, REST, BGP-LS and Netconf/YANG
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Summary The Journey to true SDN/NFV Service Innovation
Simplify
• Convergence / Consolidation • Network Function Virtualization • Service Chaining • Service Orchestration
Accelerate New Services
• Bandwidth on Demand • Virtual Managed Services • Security Services • Premium Mobile Broadband • Cloud DVR
Business Applications Integration
The network proactively adjusts to the application needs in real time
Seamless Experience
On Demand Services Anywhere
Always “On”
Application Interaction
Networks Networks
Networks IPv6