Cities Without Landfills

Slide 1

Cities Without Landfills

©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation

By Dr. Prasad Modak,Director, Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation

IntroductionAs cities grow, landfills growMore landfills mean – more consumption, more waste generation, less efficiency in recycling


Mulund, Mumbai Dumping Ground 2000


Mulund, Mumbai Dumping Ground 2012


CAN IT HAPPEN?‘ZERO WASTE’ CITY


Strategies – Taming consumptionTwenty top cities in India accounted for 60% of the surplus income.Annual household income growth in these 20 cities averaged at 11.2% between 2005-08.Spending gets a 52% boost as households move into the middle classRequires major awareness programmes, Life cycle considerations, Green Public Procurement

Picture source: http://revista-amauta.org/2009/07/consumption-the-root-cause-of-climate-change/©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation

http://revista-amauta.org/2009/07/consumption-the-root-cause-of-climate-change/






Strategies – Bridging Informal Sector with Formal

Waste management in a city has two critical stakeholders - the formal and the informal sector.High recycling rates - the collection, sorting, and recycling efforts of informal waste pickers1

Alliance of Indian Waste Pickers (AIW) is a national network of 35 organizations, waste pickers and/or itinerant buyers in 22 cities. ExNora in Pune, Stree Mukti Sangathana in Mumbai, SEWA in Ahemadabad and Chintan in New Delhi….

1. Solid Waste Management in World's Cities, UN HABITAT, 2010 available at www.unhabitat.org


HousesOfficesMarket

Formal collection (mixed)

Informal system

(recyclables)

DhalaosDustbins

Municipal truck

Landfill

Waste pickers

Small Kabaris

Big kabaris

Recyclers

Thiawalas

SWM system - India

Source: CHINTAN. "Space for Waste:Planning for the Informal Recycling Sector." New Delhi, 2003

Re-cyclers

Big Kabaris

Small Kabaris

Thiawalas

Waste pickers©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation

Institutional considerations• Formalizing informal sector – A challenge

Can form union and partner with city administration or with Corporate to assist in Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

• Mumbai waste pickers are involved with ‘Tetra pak’ for segregation and Coca-cola for shredding PET units



We need to provide space: Planning considerations Strategies – Bridging Informal Sector with Formal

Category Norm per 1,00,000 population

Guidelines

Waste pickers 215

Each waste picker handles 60 kg of waste per day and requires 60 sq ft of space near the dhalao for segregation

Other workers 90

Each worker requires 125 sq ft of space near the kabari godown for segregation as well as road space for transportation

Small kabaris 6

3000 sq ft has to be allotted in a shopping centre to each small kabari for segregation and storage of about 1500 kg of waste, and shelter for workers.

Thiawalas 33Thiawalas are located near markets and call centres and each thiawala collects waste from 150 shops and establishments daily

Big kabaris 1.5The big kabaris need storage space of 60,000 sq ft for roughly 60,000 kg of waste which they collect weekly from the small kabaris

Source: CHINTAN, Informal-formal: Creating opportunities for the informal waste recycling sector in Asia,2005


Financial support• CSR and collection vehicles• Micro-finance for recycling

Promoting innovations• R&D centers cross-function as ‘innovation centers’• Prostheses Foundation in Chiang Mai, Thailand uses

aluminium ring pulls of beverage canisters containing Titanium to produce prosthetic limbs


Source: Prosthetic Foundation Official Website http://www.pofsea.org/©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation

• Get value from waste, • Substitute virgin resources• Create green jobs, with better working conditions for the Waste

Pickers. The waste pickers are provided with uniforms and safety equipment.

• Promote entrepreneurship,• Encourage community as well as Corporate involvement, • Avoid long transportation • Reduce burden to the landfill

Strategies – Decentralized Material Recycling Hubs


Weigh bridge

SortingInert Storage

Organic storage

Bio-methanation or Composting plants

Material Recovery Centre

Innovation centre

Street lights

Waste Sorting Centres

Gardens

Methane gas for street lights and to fuel transport vehiclesProcessed materials for users

Compost to gardens

Waste Sorting Centre

Waste Generators/

Decentralized Integrated Eco-system


Monitoring and Reporting

Targets Examples Resource efficiency or productivity

1. Japan’s Sound Material Cycle Society Target Resource productivity (yen/ metric tonnes) calculated as GDP divided by amount of natural resources, etc. invested, to be increased from 210,000 in 1990 to 390,000 in 2010

Waste recycling rate

1. Republic of Korea’s Green Growth Target for Waste Increase in percentage of MSW recycling from 56.3 % in 2007 to 61 % in 2012.

Waste land filled 1. The EC Landfill Directive Council Directive 1999/31/EC not later than 16 July 2016, biodegradable municipal waste going to landfill must be reduced to 35 % of the total amount by weight of biodegradable municipal waste produced in 1995 or the latest year before 1995 for which standardized Eurostat data is available.

Source: EC 1999, Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan 2008, Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea 2008, EEA 2010, Lee 2010, Mayor of London 2010/


Towards Zero Waste …Taming of consumptionGreen Public Procurement Involving Children, Youth and Senior Citizens : Bringing in Behavioral change Bridging informal and formal sectorsFollowing a Decentralized and Integrated Approach Promoting Waste-Resource Business ModelsCommitment and Support of the City Administration


City with No LandfillsA dream to be true!


Thank you©2013 Ekonnect Knowledge Foundation

Date post:	16-Apr-2017
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Cities Without Landfills

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