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Citing and reading behaviours in High
Energy Physics***
Learning from OA bibliometrics?
Anne Gentil-Beccot, CERN. Uppsala. 17 November 2010
HEP and open accessHEP and open accessAdvantages?Advantages?INSPIREINSPIREConclusionsConclusions
HEP and Open HEP and Open AccessAccess
~15’000 High Energy Physics (HEP) scientists smash stuff at the speed of
light to produce new stuff
~15’000 HEP theorists scratch their heads to make sense of all that stuff and then
some more
The HEP “preprint culture”L.Goldschmidt-Clermont, 1965,
http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00000445/02/communication_patterns.pdf
Scientific journals of ‘60s too slow for HEP
Mass-mail preprints to institutes worldwide
Ante litteram (institute-pays) Open Access
Leading libraries “serve” preprints
CERN Library, circa 1960
SPIRES: first electronic cataloguehttp://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/papers/history.html
http://www-conf.slac.stanford.edu/interlab99/program/kunz/EarlyWeb.frame.pdf
SLAC/Stanford Library,1974With Fermilab (US) and DESY (DE) Libraries
Electronic catalogue of preprints metadata
Manually updated with publication reference
First website in the US?
First website in the US?
arXiv.org the archetypal repository
• P. Ginsparg, LANL, 1991. Now Cornell Library
• From paper mail, to email, to web server• 1/2 Million preprints. Growing beyond HEP
• Author-formatted post-prints often resubmitted
http://vmsstreamer1.fnal.gov/VMS_Site_03/Lectures/Colloquium/presentations/090506Ginsparg.pdf
Was there a Was there a mandate?mandate?
Advantages?Advantages?- Visibility- Visibility- Acceleration- Acceleration- Impact- Impact
Advantages?Advantages?- Visibility- Visibility- Acceleration- Acceleration- Impact- Impact
Where do HEP scientists look for info?
• Survey of 2’000+ scientists (10% of community)• 40% of the scientists rely only on OA literature
• Prevalence of free biblographic/bibliometric tools integrating published and OA literature
• Google as proxy of arXiv, SPIRES, publishers
Gentil-Beccot et al. arxiv:0804.2701
Advantages?Advantages?- Visibility- Visibility- Acceleration- Acceleration- Impact- Impact
Ten years in the life of a HEP article
SPIRES/INSPIRE: citations to/from preprints/articles
Citation peak at publicationScientific discourse proceeds on discipline repository
Advantages?Advantages?- Visibility- Visibility- Acceleration- Acceleration- Impact- Impact
Citation augmentation• Discipline repository yields immense advantage– Five times more citations for articles in arXiv
– 20% of 2-year citations occur before publication
DO HEP scientists DO HEP scientists still read still read journals?journals?
(As many scientists as analyzed here go straight to arXiv)
arXiv 82%
Publisher server 18%
∼30,000 clicks (choice between arXiv and journal)
Do HEP scientists still read journals?Gentil-Beccot et al. arxiv:0906.5418
OA publishing advantage?Journal of High Energy Physics OA Institutional Membership option.
OA
Not OA
OA publishing advantage?Journal of High Energy Physics OA Institutional Membership option.
But journals are still essential
• Crucial role of peer-review • And interface with officialdom
SCOAP3 Sponsoring
Consortium for Open Access Publishing in
Particle Physics
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Researchscoap3.org
INSPIREINSPIRE
INSPIRE
• Whole HEP literature• 860K papers with authors and affiliations
• 80K author names
Conclusions
• Bibliometric studies show:– Advantage of HEP OA subject repositories
• Visibility, Acceleration, Impact
– HEP journals are no longer a communication tool
• INSPIRE: bringing it to the next level– Better content, crowd-source curation – More content, beyond text, OA heritage– More bibliometrics…
• Future of bibliometrics :– One single place where to find information – Consider synoptically traditional and OA sources
Thank you!http://inspirebeta.net
http://scoap3.org
Gentil-Beccot, Anne (CERN) ; Mele, Salvatore (CERN) ; Holtkamp, Annette (DESY) ; O'Connell, Heath B (Fermilab) ; Brooks, Travis C (SLAC) Information Resources in High-Energy Physics: Surveying the Present Landscape and Charting the Future Course
http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.2701
Gentil-Beccot, A (CERN) ; Mele, S (CERN) ; Brooks, T (SLAC)Citing and Reading Behaviors in HEP: How a Community Stopped Worrying about Journals and learned to Love Repositories
http://arxiv.org/abs/[email protected]