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Citing Cases
Federal and State
Official v. Unofficial
Official—Government or under contract with government
Unofficial—everything else
Unofficial is still primary law, but must cite official to courts
Federal Case ReportersUnited States Supreme Court Cases
United States Reports (U.S.) Official Reporter
Supreme Court Reporter (S. Ct.)
Lawyers Edition (L. Ed.)
Miscellaneous sources
© 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Other Federal Reporters(All Unofficial) Federal Reporter (F.)
Appellate cases Older volumes may have trial court decisions
Federal Supplement (F. Supp.) Trial Court Decisions (not stare decisis)
Miscellaneous Reporters Fed Rules Decision Bankruptcy Reporter
© 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
State Case Law Regional Reporters
California—Pacific Reporter
Official Reporters
Unofficial Reporters
© 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
California Case Reporters Official:
California Reports (Cal.) California Supreme Court Cases
California Appellate Reports (Cal. App.) California Appellate Court Cases
Unofficial: California Reporter (Cal. Rptr.)
California supreme and appellate decision after 1959 Pacific Reporter (P.)
California Supreme Court cases California Appellate court cases before 1959
D.A.R.
Case Citation Blue book v. California Style Manual http://www.law.cornell.edu/citation/ http://www.sdap.org/
Official v. Parallel Citations Formula (California)
Case Name, Vol. Book Series Page, Date Smith v. Jones, 7 Cal. 4th 34 (2000)
Basic Bluebook Formula
Official: Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335
(1983)
Official + Parallel Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335,
83 S. Ct. 792, 9 L. Ed. 2d 799 (1963)
Basic Formula—California Style Manual
Official: Gideon v. Wainwright (1983) 372
U.S. 335
Official + Parallel Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) 372
U.S. 335, 83 S.Ct. 792, 9 L.Ed.2d 799
Basic Formula for California
Bluebook: Li v. Yellow Cab, 13 Cal. 3d 804, 532 P.2d
1226, 119 Cal. Rptr. 858 (1975)
California Li v. Yellow Cab (1975) 13 Cal.3d 804 [119 Cal.
Rptr. 858, 532 P.2d 1226]
Names
Individuals: last name only; italicize
John Jones and Tom Smith v. John Doe et al = Jones v. Doe
Organizations: Check table of abbreviations (Cornell site)
Spacing--Bluebook
F.2d F. Supp U.S. S. Ct. L. Ed Cal. 3d Cal. App. 4th
Spacing--California
F.2d F.Supp. Cal.App.4th
Cal.Rptr.3d Cal.3d
Parallel Cites
Bluebook—separate by comma
California—put parallel in brackets
Federal Cases—other requirements Federal Reporter—Must include
circuit Edmond v. Goldsmith, 183 F.3d
659 (7th Cir. 1999)
Federal Supplement—Must include District
(N.D. Cal. 1998)
Names Omit "the" when used as the first word
of a party name Omit all parties after the first one listed
on each side Omit terms like "trustee," "executor," or
"administrator" that described a named party
Omit "State of" or its equivalents Omit first and middle names or initials
of individuals
FEDERAL CITATIONS Examples Brown v. Helvering, 291 U.S. 193, 111 S.
Ct. 2123, 117 L. Ed. 2d 593 (1934).
Cong. Fin. v. Commercial Tech., Inc., 74 F.3d 1253 (11th Cir. 1995).
Glen Holly Entm't, Inc. v. Tektronix, Inc., 100 F. Supp. 2d 1073 (C.D. Cal. 1999).
CALIFORNIA CASE CITATIONS
Cal. Educ. Facilities Auth. v. Priest, 12 Cal. 3d 593, 526 P.2d 513, 116 Cal. Rptr. 361 (1974).*
Cal. Educ. Facilities Auth. v. Priest (1974) 12 Cal.3d 593 [116 Cal.Rptr. 361]
Sakotas v. Workers' Comp. Appeals Bd., 80 Cal. App. 4th 262, 95 Cal. Rptr. 2d 153 (2000).*
* Bluebook
Abbreviate:
EASTERN ASSOCIATED COAL CORP. v. UNITED MINE WORKERS OF AMERICA, DISTRICT 17, et al.
THE CITY OF INDIANAPOLIS et al. v. EDMOND et al.
LUJAN, LABOR COMMISSIONER OF CALIFORNIA, et al. v. G & G FIRE SPRINKLERS, INC.
Cite:SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED
STATES_________________
No. 01–7574_________________
DAVID ALLEN SATTAZAHN, PETITIONER v.PENNSYLVANIA
ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE SUPREME COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA, EASTERN DISTRICT[January 14, 2003]
Cite:SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES
SyllabusHOWSAM, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS TRUSTEE FOR
THE E.RICHARD HOWSAM, JR., IRREVOCABLE LIFEINSURANCE TRUST DATED MAY 14, 1982
v. DEAN WITTER REYNOLDS, INC.CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF
APPEALS FORTHE TENTH CIRCUIT
No. 01–800. Argued October 9, 2002—Decided December 10, 2002