City Manager’s Update

Kempsville Area Library will close with the rest of the

library system in observance of the New Year’s holiday

beginning at 5 p.m. on Monday, Dec. 31; however, it will

remain closed for up to six months for renovations. While the

building is closed, limited library services and programs will

still be offered in the community thanks to partnerships with the Virginia Beach Treasurer’s

Office and Parks & Recreation.

The “Kempsville Express Library,” operating from the Virginia Beach Treasurer’s Office in the

Fairfield Shopping Center, will open on Wednesday, Jan. 2 from noon to 6 p.m. Regular hours

beginning Thursday, Jan. 3, will be 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday through Thursday, 10 a.m. to 5

p.m. Friday and Saturday, closed on Sunday. Customers may pick up holds, register for library

cards and pay fines and fees at the

temporary location. Due to space

limitations at the Kempsville Express

Library, material returns cannot be

accepted. Customers may return

materials and access full library

services at any Virginia Beach Public

Library (VBPL) location except

Princess Anne Area Library, which will

also soon close for renovations.

Limited library programming will be offered at the Kempsville Recreation Center. Dates and

times for these programs, as well as for programs at other Virginia Beach Public Library

locations, may be found at VBgov.com/library-events or call (757) 385-2627.

Upgrades at Kempsville include a new service desk, new public and staff restrooms, new seating,

an increase from two to three study rooms, and an enclosed children’s room with picture and

beginner book collections, new children’s tables, chairs and workstations. Renovations also

begin this month at Bayside & Special Services Library, which will remain open as dedicated

spaces are added for storytime and for assisting customers who are blind or physically

handicapped. Renovations are expected to begin at Central and Princess Anne libraries in early

2019, followed by renovations at Great Neck, Oceanfront, Pungo-Blackwater and Windsor

Woods libraries later in the year.

Virginia Beach Housing and Neighborhood Preservation needs the public’s help in

identifying locations throughout the city where individuals have been observed living without

shelter. The information will help guide teams of volunteers during the annual Point-in-Time

Count on Jan. 23, 2019. Citizens can submit locations directly on a map from their mobile device

or computer at www.publicinput.com/pitcount through Jan. 8. Location points should also

include the date observed and additional details that will help describe the situation. The city is

asking for visual observations only – please do not engage the individuals.

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development requires cities that receive federal

funding for homeless programs to conduct an unduplicated count of the homeless population,

known as the Point-in-Time Count. The count helps determine how much funding a community

will receive for homeless programs and services, and provides demographic information about a

city’s homeless population. Each year, more than $1.5 million is granted through the Continuum

of Care to Virginia Beach agencies that provide housing and supportive services to the homeless.

Contact: Ashley Love, (757) 385-5162, alove@vbgov.com.

Virginia Beach Parks & Recreation (VBPR) is encouraging residents to register for spring

youth and adult sports leagues. The 2019 schedule includes a new offering for youth softball –

co-ed slow pitch. Registration ramps up in January.

Youth: Now through Feb.17 – 7v7 Football Passing League | Individual registration is currently

available at VBgov.com/Sports. An early registration discount is available before Dec. 31.

Feb. 1-15 – Girls Softball, Girls Fast Pitch, Co-ed Slow Pitch Softball | Registration is

coordinated by various community recreation associations. Association-specific information

will be posted on the youth softball page of VBgov.com in mid-January.

Adult: Adult sports are organized and offered by VBPR Sports Management and registration is

offered on a team basis, with the exception of pickleball.

Jan. 2-16 – Pickleball | Registration for pickleball league is handled on an individual basis.

For questions, call Bayside Recreation Center at (757) 385-5930.

Jan. 28 – Feb. 11 – Co-ed Sand Football

Feb. 11 - March 3 – Softball

The full calendar of registrations and season start dates and signup information by sport can be

found at VBgov.com/Sports. Contact: VBPR Sports Management, (757) 385-0458.

The 48th

Annual Service Awards Ceremony was held on Dec. 13 at the Virginia Beach

Convention Center. Deputy City Manager Ken Chandler served as master of ceremonies and

Regina Hilliard, director of Human Resources, announced each award. Councilmember

Louis Jones and I each expressed our deepest gratitude and congratulations to the employees for

their dedication and commitment to our City. We were honored to recognize 55 of 112

employees at the ceremony who achieved 30, 35, 40 and 45 years of continuous full-time

service. They represent an incredible 3,715 years of combined service.

Also in attendance were Councilmember Sabrina Wooten, Deputy City Managers Steve

Cover, Tom Leahy and Ron Williams, department directors and other City officials.

Human Resources

Planning & Community Development

Public Works

Information Technology

The Department of Emergency Medical Services held its 28th

Basic Life Support (BLS)

Academy graduation ceremony on Wednesday, Dec. 19. Deputy City Manager Steve Cover

attended the ceremony to welcome 36 new graduates who completed a 14-week curriculum of

Basic Life Support training.

DCM Cover and VBEMS Chief Ed Brazle provided remarks and advice to the graduates and

were sworn in by Chaplain Ruby Christian. The graduates will soon begin their field internship

time running with one of

the 10 volunteer rescue

squads. Once requirements

are complete, they will be

released as Attendants-in-

Charge (AIC), ready to

staff an ambulance.

Congratulations to the

newly graduated.

In the spirit of the holiday, Virginia Beach

Police Department members volunteered

their time off-duty to participate in the annual

“Wreaths Across America” event on

Saturday, Dec. 15 at Arlington National

Cemetery. Nearly 60,000 volunteers, including

the President of the United States, place

267,000 wreaths on the graves of fallen

service members, honoring their sacrifices and

service to our nation.

On Tuesday, Dec. 18, a terrible fire destroyed a mobile home in the County View Mobile Home

Park that injured three young children. Unfortunately, there was no working smoke alarm in the

home. The Virginia Beach Fire Department urges all citizens to make sure they have working

smoke alarms in the home. According to the National Fire Protection Association, the death rate

per 100 reported home fires is more than twice as high in homes that do not have any working

smoke alarms compared to the rate in homes with working smoke alarms (1.18 deaths vs. 0.53

deaths per 100 fires). Now that the weather is turning colder, and especially during the holiday

season, there is a greater risk of residential fires.

The VBFD would like to remind residents to:

Place a smoke alarm on every level of your home and outside sleeping areas. If you keep

bedroom doors shut, place a smoke alarm in each bedroom.

Test smoke alarms monthly and batteries replaced yearly, or as soon as a low-battery

warning is emitted, which usually sounds like a “chirping” noise.

The Virginia Department of Historic

Resources approved the Cavalier Shores

Historic District for listing in the Virginia

Landmarks Register on Dec. 13. Initiated

by the Virginia Beach Historic

Preservation Commission the nomination

was compiled and submitted by Robert

Taylor of Dutton + Associates with

project coordination from Planning and

Community Development Department staff. The state register designation is honorary and sets

no restrictions on property owners. The nomination will now be forwarded to the National Park

Service for consideration for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.

Cavalier Shores is an excellent example of coastal suburban development during the first half of

the 20th

century. It encompasses approximately seven blocks north of the Cavalier Hotel between

Cavalier Drive/42nd

Street and the south side of 45th

Street and between the oceanfront and Holly

Road. An original brick promenade, called “Myrtle Walk,” extends through the neighborhood

from the hotel to 45th

Street. The period of significance for the Cavalier Shores Historic District

is 1927 to 1968, which is when most of the residential properties were constructed. Of the 192

buildings in the neighborhood, 135 are considered to be contributing resources to the historic

district designation.

Three LENA Start classes, which began in September, graduated this week. With collaborative

partners from Ocean Lakes Elementary School/Special Education Annex, Healthy Families/Point

of View and continuing partners at Williams Farm Recreation Center, the classes had an 80%

graduation rate with a 60% increase in conversational

turns. Point of View Elementary School also held the

first Spanish LENA Start class.

LENA Start works with parents and caregivers of

children aged zero to three years to close the talk gap

by providing feedback reports on adult word count,

conversational turns and self-reported reading time.

Research shows that talking more with babies is one

of the most critical elements in their early brain

development.

In 2017, LENA Research Foundation selected the City of Virginia Beach and Virginia Beach

GrowSmart as one of 11 new communities to join LENA Start. The first class graduated in

February this year. Three more LENA Start classes will begin this spring – Virginia Beach

Public Libraries is offering a daytime class at the Joint Use Library, GrowSmart is offering an

evening class at Bow Creek Recreation Center and Ocean Lakes is offering an evening class at

Ocean Lakes Elementary School.

The Sandler Center Art Gallery will host

photographer Chelsey Burch’s newest exhibition, “What We Leave

Behind,” beginning Friday, Jan. 4. The exhibit will be on display through

March 12, 2019, Monday to Friday: 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., Saturday: 10 a.m. to

2 p.m., or during any performance at the Sandler Center. A free artist

reception will take place on Monday, Jan. 7, from 6 to 8 p.m. Contact:

Emily Spruill Labows, (757) 385-0226

Healthy Families/Point of View

Ocean Lakes Elementary/Special Education Annex Williams Farm Recreation Center

♦ Nov. 13, 2018 – Copy of a letter to Mayor Robert M. Dyer and Clerk of the Circuit Court

Tina Sinnen from Martha S. Mavredes, CPA, state auditor of public accounts, regarding

the FY18 audit period of cash receipts and disbursements of the City of Virginia Beach

court system.

♦ Dec. 17, 2018 – Copy of an article from the Journal of the American Revolution titled,

“Recognizing the Skirmish at Kemp’s Landing.”

♦ Virginia Beach Television (VBTV) Program Schedule | Dec. 23 through Dec. 29.

(https://allthingsliberty.com)

/ December 17, 2018

RECOGNIZING THE SKIRMISH ATKEMP’S LANDING

by Patrick H. Hannum(https://allthingsliberty.com/author/patrick-h-hannum/)

i

N

(http://allthingsliberty.com/wp-

content/uploads/2018/12/F-Kemps-Landing-

Marker-Close-up.jpg)

The Kemp’s Landing Marker. (Author)

(https://allthingsliberty.com/subscribe/)

ovember 10, 1775 was an important day in both Great Britain and America. Lord George Germain assumed duties as the

Secretary of State for the American Department—“he was virtually War minister in the British cabinet”—and the

Continental Congress authorized two battalions of marines, giving birth to the United States Marine Corps.[1] Two

hundred and forty-three years later, on November 10, 2018, on a sunny Saturday morning, in conjunction with Veteran’s Day, a group

of about seventy-�ve citizens gathered in the City of Virginia Beach, Virginia, to dedicate a historic highway marker to commemorate

the 1775 skirmish at Kemp’s Landing. The Virginia Beach Department of Public Works placed the marker near the intersection of

Witchduck Road and Singleton Way, located adjacent to the now heavily traveled intersection of Kempsville, Witchduck, and Princess

Anne Roads in Virginia Beach. The citizens attending this dedication included two city council members, a member of the Virginia

Department of Historic Resources (DHR), and an eclectic coalition of local organizations and individuals working together to preserve

and promote the history of Kempsville, Virginia Beach, and the region.[2]

Approval and Dedicating the Historic Marker

The City Council of Virginia Beach created the Virginia Beach Historic

Preservation Commission (VBHPC) in 2008, a board of appointees that advises the

council on issues related to historic preservation.[3] The VBHPC awards grants to

promote research on topics of local historic interest in the City of Virginia Beach.

The City of Virginia Beach, the largest city in Virginia, includes all of the former

Princess Anne County. (Princess Anne County dates from 1691 but is now extinct

as a political entity, subsumed by Virginia Beach in 1963.)[4] Kemp’s Landing was

one of the original populated areas in the largely rural and agrarian Princess Anne

County. The VBHPC approved the �ndings of researcher Christopher Pieczynski,

who received a grant during 2017 to explore the details of the skirmish at Kemp’s

Landing and evaluate the historical signi�cance of the event.

Virginia hosts the oldest highway marker program in the United States, a program

initiated in 1927 as automobile travel and highway construction facilitated travel by the masses. Today, the Virginia Department of

Transportation and the DHR manage the Historic Highway Marker program in the state. The Virginia DHR approved the request for

the installation of an historical marker resulting from Pieczynski’s research related to the skirmish subsequently endorsed by the

VBHPC. This new marker is one of more than 2,700 statewide that commemorate people, places, or events of regional, statewide, or

national signi�cance, many associated with the Revolutionary period.[5]

The 1775 Environment

The skirmish between Lord Dunmore’s British

troops and the Princess Anne County Militia

actually took place on Wednesday, November

15, 1775, �ve days after the important events of

November 10.[6] During the late 1700s, Kemp’s

Landing was an important commercial

transshipment point at the headwaters of the

eastern branch of the Elizabeth River. Here,

cargo shipped by wagon from Princess Anne

County and points south, principally South

Norfolk County and the Albemarle region of

North Carolina, proceeded by water west to Norfolk, Virginia, where merchants then shipped the raw materials on deeper draft

ocean going vessels to other points in the British Empire. Several warehouses and a small community occupied the site. Kemp’s

Landing was one of several critical geographic points in the local transportation system. The second critical point was a narrow

causeway and bridge twelve miles south of Kemp’s Landing along Kempsville Road known as Great

Bridge(https://allthingsliberty.com/2017/11/battle-great-bridge-preserving-site-honoring-soldiers/). The low and swampy terrain surrounding

Norfolk, bisected by many tidal streams and tributaries, resulted in these critical transportation choke points. Both of these sites

constituted key terrain features the Whigs, referred to as rebels by the British, and the Loyalist British Government or Tories, headed

by the Royal Governor of Virginia, Lord Dunmore, needed to control. Control of Great Bridge and Kemps Landing greatly facilitated

control of Norfolk.

(http://allthingsliberty.com/wp-

content/uploads/2018/12/F-Kemps-Landing-

Map.jpg)

Detail from a late eighteenth-century map

of Virginia, oriented with north at the

bottom, showing Kemp’s Landing (marked

with a red dot) and Great Bridge above

near the top. (Library of Congress)

Norfolk: the Key to Holding Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay

The leaders of the rebel governments of both North Carolina and Virginia understood the critical importance of the city of Norfolk

and the transportation choke points of Kemp’s Landing and Great Bridge providing the only land access on the east side of the Great

Dismal Swamp to points east and south of the city. Norfolk was the eighth largest city in North America in 1775 and a center of

commerce serving the Chesapeake Bay region; Norfolk had a population of approximately 6,250, twice the size of Savannah, Georgia.

It was the largest city between New York and Charleston and was a thriving port city providing access to the hinterland and

Chesapeake Bay. Norfolk represented a secure port suitable for basing British warships capable of interdicting rebel commerce in the

Chesapeake Bay. Forty percent of the goods shipped from the thirteen colonies in 1775 transited the Chesapeake Bay. Holding

Norfolk guaranteed control of this commerce, so critical to maintaining the mercantile system that powered the British economy.[7]

Whoever controlled Norfolk—Whig or Tory—had a signi�cant military and economic advantage in the contest to control the thirteen

rebellious colonies.

Unable to maintain control of the city of Williamsburg, the capitol of Virginia Colony, Lord Dunmore established his royal government

aboard ship and sailed for Loyalist-dominated Norfolk to rally support for the King. In Norfolk, Dunmore found a loyalist merchant

class sympathetic to his goal of maintaining control of the colony for the Crown. He called for reinforcements of both land and naval

forces because he understood the forces at his disposal lacked the strength to counter the aggressive military moves of the rebel

Virginia government.[8]

Lord Dunmore’s Military Actions to Disrupt the Rebellion

Responding to Dunmore’s call for British regular troops and British navy warships, elements of the 14th Regiment of Foot, then

stationed at Saint Augustine, East Florida, moved to support Dunmore in Virginia. Under Dunmore’s direct personal supervision and

professionally led by Capt. Samuel Leslie of the 14th Regiment, Dunmore initiated a series of successful raids, using land and naval

forces, to maneuver throughout the waterways and countryside to seize weapons and war material, gain intelligence, and disperse

rebel militia. During October, Leslie’s troops seized over seventy pieces of ordnance, some as large as twelve pounds, and detained

and interrogated local Patriot political and militia leaders, gaining valuable intelligence on the size, scope, and seriousness of the rebel

movement. Kemp’s Landing was the sight of one of these October raids.

On October 17, 1775, a British force of over one hundred soldiers, sailors, and marines embarked at Norfolk at about two o’clock in

the afternoon and proceeded up the eastern branch of the Elizabeth River. The force covered their movement and disembarkation

with naval guns, landing east of Norfolk at Newtown. The landing force then marched three miles overland to Kemp’s Landing where

they arrived after dark. The British raiders encountered no opposition even though intelligence reports indicated over 200 militia

were in the vicinity. They searched several warehouses, locating “a good many small arms, musket locks, a little powder and ball, two

drums, and a quantity of buckshot, all of which we either brought off or destroyed.” The raid also netted two prisoners, militia Captain

Matthews and a delegate to the Virginia convention, representing Princess Anne County, William Robinson. The force narrowly

missed interdicting a large shipment of powder. On October 20, Dunmore received an additional sixty reinforcements from the 14th

Regiment under command of Capt. Charles Fordyce.[9]

On November 14, 1775, in order to mask their movement from the rebels under the cover of darkness, Lord Dunmore and a

detachment under command of Captain Leslie moved by boat down the south branch of the Elizabeth River. The British arrived about

daylight the next morning, advancing several miles south of Great Bridge in an attempt to locate and engage the rebel militia

assembling to defend that key location. Failing to locate the rebels, the British revised their plan. Lord Dunmore then ordered a march

to Kemp’s Landing where intelligence indicated 300 to 400 militia assembled in response to the British movements. Before departing

Great Bridge, Dunmore left a detachment and ordered the construction of a wooden fort to establish a permanent presence to secure

the strategically import location.

Dunmore and Leslie then advanced overland about twelve miles north to Kemp’s Landing. As the British came within sight of the

settlement their advance guard received �re from the militia concealed in a thick wood on their left �ank. The militia �red on the

British advance guard, failing to allow the main body to enter the ambush zone, a serious but common mistake by inexperienced and

nervous soldiers. The rebels likely selected the position because of the cover and concealment provided by the thick woods. It proved

a poor choice because the low swampy terrain behind the woods provided poor egress for the ambushers when aggressively pursued

by the British. Reacting to the ambush, the disciplined British soldiers turned towards the �re and dispersed the attackers. During the

ambush and the pursuit, one British grenadier received a wound in the knee, the only British casualty. The rebels were not as

fortunate. British musket �re killed �ve rebels, two others drowned in the swamps and tributaries of the Elizbeth River as they

attempted to escape, and the British reported an unspeci�ed number of wounded rebels.[10]

Initially, the British took Colonel Hutchings and seven men prisoner. In the days following the skirmish, the British rounded up Colonel

Lawson and seven more men. Lord Dunmore remained in the vicinity for the next several days. The success Dunmore’s troops

achieved at Kemp’s Landing and the weak and ineffective resistance displayed by the Princess Anne County Militia emboldened Lord

Dunmore. On November 16, from the Kemp’s Landing home of a Loyalist, John Logan,[11] Dunmore issued his proclamation, dated

November 7, 1775, declaring martial law, to free “all indented Servants Negroes or others (appertaining to Rebels,) . . . that are able

and willing to bear Arms,” and requiring all subjects to join the British cause.[12] Captain Leslie’s informed analysis, however, was less

optimistic about garnering support from the local population, recognizing that the quantity of arms discovered was “proof that it

would require a very large force to subdue this Colony.”[13] After the success at Kemp’s Landing and with the late October

reinforcements from the 14th Regiment, Dunmore opted to deploy his forces to seize control of Great Bridge before North Carolina

forces arrived to augment the Virginians.[14]

Dunmore understood that this may have been the only opportunity to maintain control of the Virginia Tidewater region and protect

the citizens and city of Norfolk from rebel occupation. Dunmore’s naval forces actively contested the movement of Col. William

Woodford, commanding the 2nd Virginia Regiment and the Culpeper County minutemen as they attempted to cross the James River

from the Virginia Peninsula in route to Norfolk. Woodford’s route to threaten Norfolk was somewhat circuitous because rebels

lacked maritime support and the British patrolled the James and Elizabeth Rivers that provided the only direct access to that port city.

Woodford crossed the James River west of Jamestown Island, forty miles west of Norfolk, landing in modern day Surry County near

Grays Creek, requiring an overland march of sixty miles to reach Great Bridge. From Great Bridge, Woodford would advance to

Kemp’s Landing, then on to Norfolk.[15]

Ultimately, Dunmore’s failed assault on Great Bridge on December 9, 1775, resulted in the British evacuation of the Tidewater region,

the rebel occupation and then destruction of Norfolk(https://allthingsliberty.com/2017/11/norfolk-virginia-sacked-north-carolina-virginia-troops/),

solidifying rebel control of the landward portions of the Chesapeake Bay for nearly the entire American Revolution.[16] Although

Kemp’s Landing was a minor skirmish, it was one identi�able action in a sequence of events that helped to shape the outcome of the

American Revolution, facilitating Whig political control of Virginia. It is very appropriate that the grass roots effort to recognize the

event by placing a Virginia Highway Roadside Marker near the site to commemorate the skirmish took place two hundred and forty-

three years later, in conjunction with Veteran’s Day. Lest we forget the importance of the individuals present and ideas represented by

their actions that day in November 1775.

VIRGINIA BEACH TELEVISION Cox Cable Channels 46, 47 & 48

Verizon Cable Channels 46, 47 & 45

PROGRAM SCHEDULE DECEMBER 23 – DECEMBER 29, 2018

VIRGINIA BEACH TELEVISION provides locally produced and other specialty programming to support the mission of the Virginia Beach Municipal Government and the Virginia Beach City Public School System. Program listings reflect expected airtimes but may be preempted by public meetings, hearings, and special events.

e~Streaming is available at https://www.vbgov.com/media for all LIVE public sessions of Virginia

Beach City Council and Planning Commission meetings, archives of previous meetings, and original VBTV programming. LIVE meetings and previous sessions of the Virginia Beach City School Board can be accessed at http://www.vbschools.com/schoolboard/archive.

PUBLIC MEETINGS

VIRGINIA BEACH CITY COUNCIL MEETING (Cox 48 / Verizon 45) — Recablecast of the

December 11 meeting: Sun 9am; Thu 7pm; Fri 9am.

VIRGINIA BEACH CITY SCHOOL BOARD MEETING (Cox 47 / Verizon 47) — Recablecast of the

December 11 meeting: Mon 2pm; Wed 7pm; Sat 9am.

VIRGINIA BEACH TELEVISION – COX 48 / VERIZON 45 A BIOGRAPHY OF AMERICA: THE TWENTIES — View history as a living narrative rather than a series of irrefutable facts to be memorized. Prominent historians present America's story as something that is best understood from a variety of perspectives. Sun 5am; Tue & Thu 11am; Fri 12am. A PLACE OF OUR OWN: AUDITORY PROCESSING DISORDER — Insight and advice for solving issues related to parenting and child rearing. Sun 9pm; Mon 8am & 3pm; Thu 12am; Fri 3pm.

ACCESS VIRGINIA BEACH — Monthly news magazine highlighting city and school topics & issues.

Fallen Officer Street Dedication: George W. Starr

Housing Resource Center grand opening

Lighthouse Center closing

Emergency Operation Center preparation: September 10, 2018

Emergency Pet Shelter: Landstown Elementary

Preparation for Hurricane Florence: Public Works

2018 Neptune Festival Sand Sculpting Contest

2018 STEM Lab Day at NAS Oceana Air Show

Compass Keepers September 2018: Robert S. Brown Mon 12am, 11am & 9pm; Tue 5am; Wed 12am, 11am & 6pm; Thu 5am & 6pm; Fri 6pm; Sat 5am, 11am & 9pm. AGAINST ALL ODDS: WHAT IS PROBABILITY? — Discover statisitical solutions to the puzzles of everyday life. Learn how data collection and manipulation - paired with intelligent judgement and common sense - can lead to more informed decision making. Sun 6am; Tue & Thu 12pm; Fri 1am. AMERICAN CINEMA: THE STUDIO SYSTEM — Explore film history and American culture through the eyes of Hollywood insiders. Sun 10pm; Mon 9am & 4pm; Thu 1am; Fri 4pm.

ART HISTORY: ITALIAN ARCHITECTURE — Sun 4:30pm; Tue & Sat 9:30am; Wed 6:30am & 4:30pm. DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA - THE MEDIA: INSIDE STORY — Sun 9:30pm; Mon 8:30am & 3:30pm; Thu 12:30am; Fri 3:30pm. DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY: CONSTRUCTING SOCIAL REALITY — Explore historic and current theories of human behavior through demonstrations, classic experiments and simulations, current research, documentary footage, and computer animation. Sun 11pm; Mon 10am & 5pm; Thu 2am; Fri 5pm. ESSENTIAL SCIENCE FOR TEACHERS: EVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE — Sun 1pm; Fri 8am; Sat 2pm. EXPLORING THE WORLD OF MUSIC - TIMBRE: THE COLOR OF MUSIC — Explore basic elements of music and how music is an expression of culture. Sun 11:30pm; Mon 10:30am & 5:30pm; Thu 2:30am; Fri 5:30pm. FLIGHT SCHOOL: INSPIRED TO FLY — Explore the principles and practices of early powered flight through pilots, engineers, astronauts, and museum curators. A team of educators identify scientific principles that make controlled, heavier-than-air flight possible. Sun 7:30pm; Mon 6:30am; Tue & Fri 10:30pm; Wed 9:30am; Sat 1:30am & 4:30pm. FOCUS NNS — Explore current events at Newport News Shipbuilding. Mon 1:30am, 12:30pm & 10:30pm; Tue & Thu 6:30am; Wed 1:30am, 12:30pm & 7:30pm; Fri 7:30pm; Sat 6:30am, 12:30pm & 10:30pm. FRONTLINE FIREFIGHTER — Produced by the City of Virginia Beach Fire Department to explore current training trends and report news of interest to firefighters and citizens alike. Mon 1am, 12pm & 10pm; Tue & Thu 6am; Wed 1am, 12pm & 7pm; Fri 7pm; Sat 6am, 12pm & 10pm. GETTING ALONG: IT'S MINE! — Character development and conflict management for ages five through eight. Sun 4:15pm; Tue & Sat 9:15am; Wed 6:15am & 4:15pm. HOW IN THE WORLD — Hop aboard the Airship Curiosity and learn how hurricanes are formed; why some foliage changes color in autumn; Professor Omnibus teaches how to make a hovercraft from a CD and balloon. Sun 7:30pm; Mon 6:30am; Tue & Fri 10:30pm; Wed 9:30am; Sat 1:30am & 4:30pm. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY - ALASKA: THE LAST FRONTIER — Economic and cultural geography are combined to explore the relationships between humans and their natural environment, and to track the broad social patterns that shape human societies. Sun 8:30am; Mon, Tue, Wed & Fri 2:30pm; Thu 11:30pm. KENNEDY CENTER PERFORMING ARTS - A MUSICAL JOURNEY: IMANI WINDS — Sun & Tue 2am; Mon & Sat 8pm; Wed 11pm; Thu 10am & 5pm; Fri 7am. LEARNING MATH: PARALLEL LINES AND CIRCLES — Designed for elementary and middle school teachers, and organized according to standards developed by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, this series explores topics in measurement, number operations, statistics, geometry, and algebra. Sun 6:30am; Tue & Thu 12:30pm; Fri 1:30am. MATH MONSTERS — Designed for pre-kindergarten children, this animated series provides an amusing and enlightening introduction to mathematical concepts. Sun 5pm; Tue & Sat 10am; Wed 7am & 5pm. MEET THE AUTHOR: WILLIAM BONIFACE — Sun 8am; Mon, Tue, Wed & Fri 2pm; Thu 11pm. MOM ALWAYS SAID: SURVIVING AFTER SCHOOL ACTIVITIES — Discussion between real moms with real experiences and real tips on raising a family. Mon 12:30am, 11:30am & 9:30pm; Tue & Thu 5:30am; Wed 12:30am & 6:30pm; Fri 6:30pm; Sat 5:30am, 11:30am & 9:30pm.

MONEYTRACK - MR. EARL: IF HE CAN DO IT, SO CAN YOU — Learn how to make your money work for you, and keep your investments on track so you can retire in style and enjoy the good life. Mon 2am, 1pm & 11pm; Tue & Thu 7am; Wed 2am, 1pm & 8pm; Fri 8pm; Sat 7am, 1pm & 11pm. ON THE OTHER HAND — Learn American Sign Language. Sun 8:30pm; Mon 7:30am; Tue & Fri 11:30pm; Wed 10:30am; Sat 2:30am & 5:30pm. OUT OF THE PAST: THE SPIRIT WORLD — Explore new insight into the evolution of human societies by following archaeologists as they examine physical evidence from ancient civilizations. Sun 7am; Tue & Thu 1pm; Fri 2am. READ-ALEE-DEED-ALEE: LOST AND FOUND — An early reading series introducing sounds and rhyming patterns that unlock words and the meaning of words. Sun 3:45pm; Tue & Sat 8:45am; Wed 5:45am & 3:45pm. REAL VIRGINIA — Agricultural news and family-oriented stories presented by the Virginia Farm Bureau. Mon 12:30am, 11:30am & 9:30pm; Tue & Thu 5:30am; Wed 12:30am, 11:30am & 6:30pm; Fri 6:30pm; Sat 5:30am, 11:30am & 9:30pm. SHAMU TV: THE STORY OF CATS — Sun 3pm; Tue & Sat 8am; Wed 5am & 3pm. SIGNING TIME: MY FIRST SIGNS — An introduction to American Sign Language for children. Sun 5:30pm; Tue & Sat 10:30am; Wed 7:30am & 5:30pm. SWITCH — What will it take to go from the energy that built our world to the energy that will shape our future? Explore the world's leading energy sites - from coal to solar, and oil to biofuels – as geologist Dr. Scott Tinker interviews global energy leaders. Sun & Tue 12am; Mon & Sat 6pm; Wed 9pm; Thu 8am & 3pm; Fri 5am. THE MATH DUDE: GRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS — Middle and high school students can improve their algebra skills with these fast–paced programs devoted to Algebra I as it is taught in the classroom today. Sun 3:30pm; Tue & Sat 8:30am; Wed 5:30am & 3:30pm.

THE SENIOR SOURCE — Hosted by Sandra Parker, this bi-monthly program highlights city services,

opportunities, and resources available to our senior population. This month, learn about the Mayor’s Commission on Aging, the importance of getting your flu shot, and fun holiday events happening all around Virginia Beach. We also bring you highlights from the annual Senior Showcase event held in October at the Princess Anne Rec Center. Sun 8:30am; Mon 2:30am, 1:30pm & 11:30pm; Tue & Thu 7:30am; Wed 2:30am, 1:30pm & 8:30pm; Fri 8:30pm; Sat 7:30am, 1:30pm & 11:30pm. THE WESTERN TRADITION: THE FEUDAL ORDER — Journey from ancient, pre-western civilizations to the age of technology and beyond. Sun 5:30am; Tue & Thu 11:30am; Fri 12:30am. VBPD CLASS SIX-TWO: EPISODES 1 THROUGH 5 — Meet members of the Virginia Beach Police Department Training Academy staff and the recruits of Class 62 as they begin their 26-week journey to become sworn officers of the VBPD. Sun 6pm; Mon 5am; Tue & Fri 9pm; Wed 8am; Sat 12am & 3pm. VOICES AND VISIONS: ELIZABETH BISHOP — The works of poets are interpreted through dramatic readings, archival photographs, and interviews. Sun & Thu 2pm; Fri 1pm. X-POWER: ARRIVAL — Foster the development of algebraic thinking through visualization of concepts rather than abstract symbolic manipulation. Sun 4pm; Tue & Sat 9am; Wed 6am & 4pm.

VIRGINIA BEACH TELEVISION – COX 47 / VERIZON 47

A BIOGRAPHY OF AMERICA — Thu 8pm. A HISTORY OF BLACK ACHIEVEMENT IN AMERICA: CIVIL RIGHTS — Explore the contributions of Black Americans to have influenced our culture, enriched our society, and shaped the history of the United States. Mon 10:30pm; Tue & Fri 11:30am & 3:30pm; Thu 11:30am. A PLACE OF OUR OWN — Wed 3pm. ACCESS VIRGINIA BEACH — Sun 9pm; Mon 7:30am & 6pm; Tue & Thu 1:30pm; Wed 7:30am & 11:30pm; Fri 7:30am; Sat 6pm. AGAINST ALL ODDS — Thu 9pm. AMERICAN CINEMA — Wed 4pm. ART HISTORY: ITALIAN ARCHITECTURE — Tue 6am; Thu 6am & 5:30pm. BRIDGING WORLD HISTORY: HISTORY AND MEMORY — Explore global patterns through time, seeing history as an integrated whole. Mon 10pm; Fri 3pm; Thu 11am. CLASSIC ARTS SHOWCASE — Enjoy the classic arts by experiencing short video clips of film and music. Sat 12am through 8am, 1:30pm through 6pm, and 8pm through Sun 8pm. DEATH: A PERSONAL UNDERSTANDING: THE DEATHBED — Gain a greater understanding of death and dying through case studies and moving personal stories of people facing their own death or the death of a loved one. Mon & Wed 11:30am; Tue & Thu 7:30am. DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA — Wed 3:30pm. DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY — Wed 5pm. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS - HURRICANE: IT'S NOT JUST ANOTHER STORM — Learn how to assess personal risk, plan for hurricanes, and avoid hazards that emerge following a storm. Tue & Thu 7am. ESSENTIAL SCIENCE FOR TEACHERS — Mon 7pm; Tue 11pm; Wed 2pm; Fri 5pm & 11pm. EXERCISE HORIZONS — Mon, Wed, Fri 10:30am; Tue & Thu 2:30pm. EXPLORING THE WORLD OF MUSIC— Wed 5:30pm. FIT FOR DUTY: DYNAMIC STRETCHING — An exercise program spanning several disciplines, such as kickboxing, Pilates, aerobics, weight training, and more. Produced by The Pentagon Channel. Mon & Wed 12pm; Tue & Thu 8am. FOCUS NNS — Sun 10:30pm. FRONTLINE FIREFIGHTER — Sun 10pm; Mon through Fri 9am; Mon, Wed, & Fri 1pm; Thu 11pm. FUZION FITNESS — Mon & Wed 11am; Tue & Thu 3pm; Fri 11am. GETTING ALONG — Thu 5:15pm. HOMEBOUND EXERCISE — Mon, Wed, Fri 10am; Tue & Thu 2pm. HOW IN THE WORLD — Mon, Wed, & Fri 9:30am; Mon & Sat 6:30pm; Thu 11:30pm.

HUMAN GEOGRAPHY - ALASKA: THE LAST FRONTIER — Economic and cultural geography are combined to explore the relationships between humans and their natural environment, and to track the broad social patterns that shape human societies. Tue & Fri 10:30pm; Thu 3:30pm. INSIDE THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: ENVIRONMENT — Mon 11pm; Tue & Fri 12pm & 4pm; Thu 12pm. JURY ORIENTATION — A helpful guide for anyone called to jury duty. Sun 8pm; Mon 8am & 8pm; Wed, Fri & Sat 8am. KENNEDY CENTER PERFORMING ARTS — Fri 9pm. LEARNING MATH — Thu 9:30pm. MATH MONSTERS — Thu 6pm. MEET THE AUTHOR: WILLIAM BONIFACE — Tue & Fri 10pm. MONEYTRACK — Sun 11pm. NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART: THE ART OF ROMARE BEARDEN — Themes of religion, jazz and blues, history, literature, and the authenticities of black life endured throughout Bearden's remarkable career in watercolors, oils, collages and photomontages during the 1940s through 1980s. Tue & Thu 6:30am. OUT OF THE PAST — Thu 10pm. READ-ALEE-DEED-ALEE — Thu 4:45pm. REAL VIRGINIA — Sun 9:30pm. SHAMU TV: THE STORY OF CATS — Thu 4pm. SIGNING TIME: MY FIRST SIGNS — Mon & Wed 12:30pm; Tue 8:30am; Thu 8:30am & 6:30pm. SWITCH — Fri 7pm. THE HABITABLE PLANET: MANY PLANETS, ONE EARTH — Explore environmental science through a study of the Earth's natural systems. Mon 9:30pm; Fri 2:30pm; Thu 10:30am. THE MATH DUDE — Thu 4:30pm. THE PATH TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY — For over 20 years, the Virginia Beach Visitors Center has served as a gateway to fun in the sun. Now, the building serves as a visible commitment to a city wide energy savings initiative. This video follows the process as the building goes through an energy audit. Sun 8:30pm; Mon 8:30am & 8:30pm; Wed, Fri & Sat 8:30am. THE WESTERN TRADITION — Thu 8:30pm. THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY: THE PROTON IN CHEMISTRY — Mon 9pm; Fri 2pm; Thu 10am. VOICES AND VISIONS — Tue 5pm; Wed & Fri 6pm; Thu & Sat 7pm. X-POWER — Thu 5pm.

VIRGINIA BEACH TELEVISION – COX 46 / VERIZON 46

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