Date post: | 05-Dec-2014 |
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Gehl%Architects%Creating%Opportunities%to%Interact%%The$Human$Scale$0 Complex%and%vibrant%0 Diversity%and%sensory%experience%
Invitations$to$Use$Space$0 Private%–%Public%
“Soft”$Metrics$0 Consider%the%perspective%of%the%study%0 Process%over%perception%%0 Integration%of%complexity%–%how%does%place%integrate%with%space%
UTS Movement & Unscheduled Activity UTS Movement & Unscheduled Activity Gehl Architects Gehl Architects
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1.0 /Assessment 1.0 /Assessment
A study of circulation has helped to illuminate how the campus is experienced by students, and where signifi cant routes are.
Circulation Snapshot
Broadway Shopping Centre attracts circulation along broadway. This will be challenged by the new Frasers development, and will probably decrease signifi cantly.
McKee Street Child Care
B10B02
B01
B06
B05
Harris St11,000/day
9,000/day
3,000/day
5,000/day
6,000/day
9,000/day
1,000/day3,000/day
9,000/day
5,000/day
Goods Line15,000/day
Library Entry*15,000/day
Quay Street15,000/day
Broadway21,000/day
Entry9,000/day
Market City
Central
Bulga Ngurra Accom.
Gumal Ngurang Accom.
Broadway Shopping
Central Railway Station along with the associated bus stops is the defi nitive driver of pedestrian tra! c on campus.Pedestrian Tra! c on Broadway
drops o" signifi cantly past Building 01 & 02.
Harris, The Goods Line & Quay are all signifi cant carriers of students. Harris Street is the location of most pedestrian injuries & deaths near the campus. The Goods Line has had problems with safety. Quay Street will increase in signifi cance for the city with the removal of the entertainment centre, but decrease in signifi cance for UTS once U Building and the Chau Chak Wing Building are complete.
The Library is the single largest driver of the informal use of campus. Moving it will decrease visits to the Haymarket Campus by many student groups.
This survey asked students to map their typical path when moving
through UTS - 70 responses are mapped here. In addition to this
we took spot counts over the course of one day, which are marked
accordingly. All pedestrians were counted - both students and non-
students.
The survey gives a snapshot of circulation, and how it defi nes the
extent of the campus - essentially sitting within the triangle of
Central Station, Market City and Broadway Shopping Centre.
The busiest streets on campus are:
01. Broadway (21,000/day)
02. Goods Line (15,000/day)
03. Quay Street at Haymarket (15,000/day)
04. Library Entry (15,000/day*)
05. Harris Street (11,000/day)
*Library fi gures based on data
collected in a separate study.
UTS Movement & Unscheduled Activity UTS Movement & Unscheduled Activity Gehl Architects Gehl Architects
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1.0 /Assessment 1.0 /Assessment
The Goods Line is most used when in sunshine. Despite ample provision of seats and high pedestrian tra! c few people stay here. We anticipate because of a lack of active frontages.
Alumni Green has very poor use. Frontages around are inactive, and the low quality, at grade, grass is very hot in the sun.
Building 01 Podium is predominantly a recreation space. Notable exceptions are the long study tables on higher levels that are well used by students.
The Architecture Study Space is very well used for informal learning.
Building 02 atrium is a well-used informal learning space.
The Architecture Courtyards have very low use. This is due to inactive edges and a lack of programming and quality in these spaces.
Building 10 has a high quality atrium with low usage. The cafe and GAC, while adjacent, have distinctly di" erent uses.
Informal Learning - One dot represents one personRelaxing & Recreation - One dot represents one person
Mapping is overlaid for 11:00, 14:00 & 18:00, for all levels surveyed. Green outlines indicate study extent.
Unscheduled Activity measured
Informal learning tends to happen indoors, recreation is split between indoor and out. But overwhelmingly, UTS is an indoor campus.
Unscheduled activity is what creates the impression of a lively
campus. In documenting the informal use of UTS campus Gehl
Architects divided activity into informal learning and recreational
activity. We made this distinction as these two activities represent the
major two non-scheduled activities on campus, and that they are by
their nature di" erent. Informal learning can be done for many hours
at a time and requires a particular set of resources to accomplish -
usually internet, power, printing, solid tables and the like. Recreation
on the other hand is often done opportunistically, whenever students
have a spare 5 or 50 minutes. Recreational spaces need to be close but
of high quality. Informal learning requires tools.
From surveys documenting where people sit throughout the day and
what they do in a variety of common spaces on campus, we can see
that places providing some support for study (tables, chairs,
power) are already magnetic to students. Places where studying and
socializing combine are very attractive. An increase in the overlap
between informal learning and recreation activities can make the
campus a more interesting and collaborative environment.
A major point of note is that while Sydney has one of the best climates
in the world, relatively little activity (and even less informal learning)
on campus occurs outside. This is a signifi cant missed opportunity.
89% of activity measured was inside.
Quay Street has little staying activity, the Northern Cafe and Library Entrance being the exceptions.
Large Study Tables with power placed close to circulation routes throughout the campus attract many students throughout the day, predominantly for studying.
The new ‘green’ learning space demonstrates a rare characteristic of any space on campus - recreation and informal learning exist side by side (and often blur together) in a space immensely popular with students.
The Haymarket Courtyards have similar levels of use. To the north this is driven by the cafe, to the south by quality tables & power outlets that allow for outdoor informal learning - one of the few places this is possible on campus.
UNSCHEDULED ACTIVITYBROADWAY CAMPUS
UNSCHEDULED ACTIVITYHAYMARKET CAMPUS
UNSCHEDULED ACTIVITYDAB & GOODS LINE
RQ#:#How#can#one#use#digital#methods#and#tools#to#measure#urban#qualities#of#
the#physical#city#landscape?##%This%overarching%question%can%be%broken%down%into%three%subCquestions:%%%%0 What#are#the#relationships#between#Social,#Local#and#Mobile#technologies#and#how#do#they#help#measure#a#reAlection#of#urban#qualities?#%
0 What#are#the#new#methods#and#tools#for#measuring#the#new#and#old#metrics#that#can#measure#people’s#usage#of,#and#their#relationship#with,#their#city?%
0 What#are#the#implications#and#the#new#opportunities#that#emerge#from#the#ability#to#measure#urban#qualities#digitally?%
RQ1%:%THEORY%0 What#are#the#relationships#between#Social,#Local#and#Mobile#technologies#and#how#do#they#help#measure#a#reAlection#of#urban#qualities?%
Mobile%0 The%Mobility%Turn%0 Smartphones%have%become%a%takenDforDgranted#part%of%our%relation%with%each%other%and%interlaced%with%our%activities%
0 Interfaces%are%connecting%smartphones,%users,%and%public%space%closely%together.%%
0 Smartphones%have%unlocked%a%potential%for%dynamic%coordination%of%more%activities%with%more%people%in%more%ways%
Social%0 The$Participatory$Turn$
0 Social%communication%channels%have%made%it%easy%and%meaningful%for%people%to%publish%and%share%information.%(Vatrapu,%2012)%%
0 Social$Relevance%0 The%criteria%for%Tiltering%and%consuming%information%in%accordance%with%the%relationship%between%humans%and%information.%(Alfort,%2011)%%%
0 An%endorsement%from%someone%you%know%carries%more%weight%than%a%recommendation%from%someone%outside%your%network%(Cialdini%&%Goldstein,%2004)%%
! An%invisible%layer%of%“social%noise”%thus%surrounds%our%streets%and%neighborhoods%when%people%like%reCact%online%to%the%shops,%parks,%schools,%squares%and%almost%anything%that%occupies%a%physical%space.%%
Tweets of Paris
Local%0 The%increasing%pervasiveness%of%locationCaware%technologies%is%altering%the%perception%of%public%spaces%through%the%proliferation%of%locationCspeciTic%digital%information.%%
0 Locations%acquire%relevance%and%reshape%social%and%spatial%interactions%through%increased%use%of%locationCaware%technologies:%%0 people%check%into%locations,%%0 they%have%their%locations%tracked,%%0 they%attach%information%to%locations,%and%%0 they%even%“create”%new%locations.%(de%Souza%e%Silva%A.%a.,%2012)%
0 Local$Relevance$:$$The%popularization%of%locationCaware%technologies%contributes%to%the%changing%meaning%of%locations%via%contextCaware%relevance%criteria.%(TamineCLechani,%2010)%
Food of F!ederiksberg
Vices of Vesterbro
Theoretical%Framing%
RQ2%:%METHOD%&%ANALYSIS%0 What#are#the#new#methods#and#tools#for#measuring#the#new#and#old#metrics#that#can#measure#people’s#usage#of,#and#their#relationship#with,#their#city?%
Questions%for%Analysis%
ES.1%Sydney%0 Client%:%UTS%0 Custom%Mobile%App%0 4%Active%Sensors%(M3)%0 8%participants%%0 830h.%0 100,000%logs%%%%%Location%Data%0 400,000%logs%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%WiCFi%Data%
LoMo%:%Metrics%of%Utility%Interpretive%0 Circulation$0 Mobility$Mix$$
Direct%ReTlections%0 Lingering%Time/Location%0 WiDFi$Exposure$(New!)%0 Stationary$Ratio$(New!)%
UTS Movement & Unscheduled Activity UTS Movement & Unscheduled Activity Gehl Architects Gehl Architects
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1.0 /Assessment 1.0 /Assessment
Scheduled learning currently drives !85% of campus life. Movement is therefore primarily driven by scheduled activity.
In the adjacent graphic we have attempted to summarise the
distribution of life on campus with the best information we have
collected and is available. It paints a broad-brush picture, but one
with a very clear trend. Approximately 85% of life on campus is
through scheduled classes. There is massive potential in this.
Firstly, we see opportunities to create further interfaces with this life,
tapping into its potential to further animate the site. Secondly, we can
assume that if only 15% (refer adjacent survey data) of campus users
make the campus feel as lively as it does, signifi cant change will be
felt if there is a small shift towards informal learning. A 5% change in
student learning behaviour from scheduled to unscheduled learning
could result in a corresponding 30% increase in campus liveliness.
Notes: (*)
Quay Street staying based on all people, not only students.
Library data based on average of number leaving the library.
Building 04 staying estimated based on numbers observed elsewhere.
While most active areas on campus where surveyed, the gym, union
bar, building 04 commons and upper levels on building 10 were
not surveyed. We have increased our overall estimate of staying on
Broadway by 20% to account for this.
Sources:
In-class data:
UTS city campus timetable.
Outside class:
Gehl Stationary Activity Counts in selected Locations. 31/11/2012
Library Usage data supplied by UTS
B01 & 02
B10
B04
B06
B05
Goods
Line
Quay
Street
Alumni Green
Where students come from... ...and where they go.
AUS 72%
SYDNEY METRO 92%
19%OF STUDENTS LIVE WITHIN 5KMS OF CAMPUS
12%WALK
1%CYCLE
71%PUBLIC TRANSPORT
16%DRIVE
81%OF STUDENTS LIVE FURTHER THAN 5KMS FROM CAMPUS
35,697STUDENTS IN 2011
25,821AUSTRALIAN
STUDENTSIN 2011
CHN 13%
ASIA 10%
NSW 6%
WORLD5%
AUS2%
Most UTS students live more than 5kms from campus, and public transport is their primary transportation.
Twenty-eight percent of UTS students are international.
Observational analysis suggests that international students tend to be
much heavier campus users, relying on it for informal learning, social
interaction and relaxing. These students will also tend to live within
walking and cycling distance of campus as the trip to Australia was
most likely made to study. This allows them to include their home on
their ‘personal campus map’.
Of the Australian students, 92% come from the Sydney metropolitan
area. Survey data suggests that a high proportion of Australian
students remain living at home when they study as they are too far
away (more than 5kms) to make multiple journeys to university in a
day, and need to rely on public transport or a car for the journey. This
means these students are ‘captive’ on campus between classes.
Despite this distance, 84% of students use sustainable mobility. This
makes UTS one of the major sustainable transport drivers in Sydney.
Sources: UTS internal & Future Student Services Survey.
*Number has been increased by 20% as bu! er against unmeasured activity.
BLDG 05: 2334 studentsin class
Library: 400 students*
Quay Street: 26 people*
122 studentsindoors
94 studentsoutdoors
6 studentsoutdoors
17 studentsoutdoors (Alumni Green)
Learning Commons106 students
BLDG 04: 1721 studentsin class
BLDG 06: 1371 studentsin class
BLDG 01 & 02: 1947 studentsin class
BLDG 10: 631 studentsin class
Broadway Campus:Scheduled: 5,670 studentsUnscheduled: 514 students*
Haymarket Campus:Scheduled: 2,334 studentsUnscheduled: 748 students
UTS City Campus:In class: 8,004 studentsOutside class: 1,262 students**Max 10% error margin.
29 studentsindoors
estimated 25*
287 studentsindoors
56 studentsindoors
76%
83%
!85%scheduled
!85% of campus life is scheduled.
Compilation of 10:00, 14:00, 18:00 weekday at UTS: Scheduled and Unscheduled Learning distribution of students, average
Scheduled Learning
Unscheduled time on campus
DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS
GLOBAL & LOCAL STUDENT BODY COMPOSITION
HOUSING AND MODAL SPLIT
Gehl#Architects#UTS#Report#
Social Endorsements
ES.2%Copenhagen%Twitter%Backchannel%0 #urbicsITU%0 @urbicsITU%0 41%Participants%0 99%Tweets%0 45%Photos%0 3%Social%Channels%0 11%Social%Media%Tools%
SoLo%:%Micro%Behaviors%0 Indirect%forms%of%AfTiliation%Metrics%of%‘Appreciation’%0 The$Post/Text$(Twitter)%0 The$Photo$(Instagram)%
Public%Broadcast%Mediums%0 LocationCBased%0 ‘Noisier’%0 PeopleCcentric%
%
SoLo%:%Macro%Behaviors%0 Direct%forms%of%AfTiliation%Metrics%of%AfTinity%0 The$Like%(Facebook)%0 The$CheckDin$(Facebook)%
Private%Broadcast%Medium%0 PlaceCBased%(The%Tie)%0 NetworkCCentric%0 Direct%Signals%
Reverberations%of%City%Noise%%%%
• AfTiliations%
• Relationships%
• Noise%Levels%
• Complimentary%
• The%Local%‘Tie’%
• Broadcast%Signals%
Key%Findings%–%Mobile%(ES.1)%0 Where$people$go$>$Interventions:%where%and%when%to%intervene%to%reCdirect%or%stimulate%circulation%of%people%
0 Where$people$stay$>$‘Sticky’$Campus$:%where%students%stay%for%formal%learning%and%socialization%
0 The$Difference$:$Classify$vs.$Time$&$Space$:%time%spent%at%a%given%building%location%in%a%much%wider%scope,%time%frame%and%degree%of%accuracy%%
0 New$:$Propensity$to$Stay/Study:%analyze%a%WiCFi%zone%as%an%urban%space%
%! The$visual$mapping$of$digital$user$traf4ic$can$help$inform$decisions$regarding$future$utility$of$public$space$
Micro%Findings–%Social%(ES.2)%Opportunities%IdentiTied:%0 Correlations%between%‘social%noise’%levels%and%physical%usage%of%a%given%public%space.%(B%Huberman,%2007)%
0 Predictability%of%positive%polarity%#place%to%be%“successful%in%the%future”%(B%Huberman,%2007)%%
0 Mapping%of%posts%and%photos%can%help%to%pinpoint%areas%of%heightened%appreciation%and%what%individual%features%or%topics%are%captured%the%most.%
0 Additional%discovery%of%language%topics%associated%with%a%given%#place%
%! Samplings$of$‘social$noise’$can$be$repeated$to$measure$differences$in$these$opportunities$over$time.$
Macro%Findings–%Social%(ES.3)%0 The%‘like’%differs%signiTicantly%from%the%‘checkCin’%due%to%the%intention%of%the%message%being%broadcast,%by%attaching%one’s%afTinity%directly%without%loyally%marking%one’s%territory.%
0 AfTinity%behaviors%differ%according%public%space%categories%from%global%data%originating%from%the%place%rather%than%the%user.%%
%! Examining$differences$in$categories$can$help$urbanists$learn$how$people$endorse$speci4ic$features$of$these$public$places.$$$
! By$understanding$over@represented$and$under@represented$behaviors$in$broad$categories$of$public$space,$one$is$better$equipped$when$evaluating$the$relative$success$of$a$speci4ic$intervention.$
Quality of Life & Affinity
City%Surveys:%0 Levels%of%cityCwide%afTiliation%from%social%media%differ%from%historical%and%indiscriminate%geographic%lines%of%residency%
0 There%is%a%slightly%stronger%correlation%between%‘likes’%and%‘checkCins’%at%the%city%level.%%However%cityCwide%‘checkCins’%are%more%likely%a%behavior%attributed%to%tourists.%
! Global$QoL$benchmarks$could$incorporate$public$measures$of$af4inity$&$appreciation%
RQ3%:%DISCUSSION%0 What#are#the#implications#and#the#new#opportunities#that#emerge#from#the#ability#to#measure#urban#qualities#digitally?%
Mobile$Measurements$:$Direct$ReRlections$" Ability%to%transcend%time%and%space%# Cost,%access,%motivation%barriers%%%
Social$Measurements$:$Indirect$ReRlections$" Goes%beyond%tracking%simply%where%people%go%and%stay,%but%also%track%what%they%more%speciTically%do%(checkCin)%at%a%given%location,%what%they%say%(post)%and%even%what%they%think%(like).%
" Ability%to%do%so%instantly,%cheaply,%and%repetitively,%as%many%times%as%necessary%before,%during%and%after%interventions%by%urban%stakeholders.%
# Human%means%for%interpretation,%and%willingness%to%do%so%%%%%
Concluding%Remarks%! Overall,%the%practice%of%zoomingCin%and%out%from%crowdsourced%data%of%utility%and%afTiliation%could%be%leveraged%by%urban%researchers%on%a%regular%basis%to%identify%new%opportunities%for%peopleCcentric%place%creation.%
%%! The%most%illuminating%SoLoMo%metric%is:%%Lingering$:%Stays%:%CheckDIns$
# Digitally%ReTlective%Urban%Qualities%:%an%Indirect%ReTlection%of%QoL%
Future%Perspectives%0 Connecting%ES.1%and%ES.2%0 Heatmapping%our%Data%0 PSPL%Survey%Assessment%0 Capturing%the%Intervention%%0 Mercer%Infrastructure%Survey%0 ‘Desire%Lines’%0 Digital%Dérivée%Investigation%
0 Behaviors%of%Tourists%vs.%Locals%0 Mobile%&%Social%Media%
0 Community%Feedback%Loops%0 Geographical%Distance%Sentiment%Study%
Eric#Fisher#Tourist#v#Locals#Flickr#Set#