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Civics and Economics Review Questions
Mrs. A. LeRoux
What are the four fundamental political principles that have shaped government in the United States?
• Limited Government
• Popular Sovereignty or consent of the governed
• Separation of Powers
• Federalism
What does “Consent of the Governed” mean?
• People are the source of the governments power
What is Limited Government?
• Government is not all-powerful and may do only those things people have given it power to do
What does Separation of Powers mean?
• Power divided between three branches of government
What is Federalism?
• Power is shared between the national government and state governments
What are the Charters of the Virginia Company?
• Rights of Englishmen are guaranteed to the Colonists
What is the Virginia Declaration of Rights?
• Served as a model for the Bill of Rights of the Constitution
What are the Articles of Confederation?
• Established the first form of government for the states after the Revolutionary War
• Power stays with the states
• Weak Central Government
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
• Congress had no power to tax
• Congress had no power to enforce law
What is the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom?
• Individuals have freedom of religious beliefs and opinions
What is the United States Constitution?
• Establishes the structure of the United States government
What is the Bill of Rights?
• Guarantees the rights of the people
What is the Preamble?
• The introduction to the Constitution that expresses the people have the right to rule themselves
What are the four main goals of the Preamble?
• To form a more perfect union
• to establish justice
• to ensure domestic peace
• to provide defense
What does the 14th Amendment say?
• All person’s born or naturalized in the United States are citizens and shall receive equal protection under the law
How may a person become a citizen of the United States?
• Birth
• Naturalization
What are the five basic freedoms of the First Amendment?
• Freedom of Religion
• Freedom of Speech
• Freedom of Press
• Freedom of Assembly
• Freedom of Petition
List four duties of a citizen.
• Obey laws
• pay taxes
• serve in the armed forces if called upon
• serve on a jury or as a witness in court
What are some responsibilities of citizens?
• Vote
• communicate with government officials
• volunteer
• participate in political campaigns
• respect rights of others
What are some good traits of citizens?
• Trustworthiness and honesty
• courtesy and respect for the rights of others
• respect for the law
• patriotism
What are four functions of political parties?
• Recruit and nominate candidates
• help candidates win elections
• monitor actions of office holders
• educate public about issues
What are four strategies for evaluating campaign speeches, literature, and advertisements for accuracy?
• Separation of fact from opinion
• detecting bias
• evaluating sources of information
• identifying propaganda
What are three qualifications to register to vote in the state of Virginia?
• Must be a citizen of the United States
• Must be a resident of Virginia
• Must be 18 years of age
How can you register to vote in the state of Virginia?
• In person at the registrar’s office
• at the Division of Motor Vehicles
• By mailing in an application
What are three factors in predicting which citizens will vote?
• Education
• Age
• Income
Who selects the President and Vice President of the United States?
• The Electoral College
What are the three levels of government?
• National
• State
• Local
What are the responsibilities of the national government?
• Conduct foreign policy
• regulates commerce
What are the primary responsibilities of the state governments?
• Promote public health
• promote public safety
• promote public welfare
What are the three branches of government?
• Legislative
• Executive
• Judicial
How often does the Virginia legislature make a budget?
• Every two years (biennial)
What is judicial review?
• The power of the Supreme Court to decide whether or not a law is constitutional
What Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?
• Marbury v. Madison
What is the system of checks and balances?
• Gives each of the three branches of government ways to to limit the powers of the other branches
List some examples of legislative powers over the executive branch.
• Override vetoes
• impeach a president
List one example of a legislative powers over the judicial branch.
• Power to approve federal judges
List one example of an executive power over the legislative
branch. • Veto bills of Congress
List one example of an executive power over the judicial branch.
• Appoint federal judges
List one example of a judicial power over the executive and judicial branches of government.
• Declare laws unconstitutional
What are two ways the Constitution of the United States can be ratified?
• Action by the United States Congress or convention
• Ratification by the states
What does bicameral mean?
• Two house legislature (example the United States Congress)
What is normally the final step in a bill becoming a law?
• President’s signature
What type of legislature is the Virginia Assembly?
• Bicameral
What is the State of the Union Address?
• Annual address to Congress outlining the President’s goals for the future
What are some ways the media influences our government?
• Focusing public attention on selected issues
• Holding government officials accountable for their actions
What is Lobbying?
• Seeking to influence legislators to introduce or vote for or against a bill
What are some ways to influence government?
• Voting
• lobbying
• writing letters
• joining interest groups
What kind of cases are heard in Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court?
• Juvenile and Family Matters
What type of jurisdiction does the Supreme Court have?
• Appellate and Original
What does Marbury v. Madison say?
• Established the principle of judicial review
What is the highest authority in the land?
• The Constitution
What is due process of the law?
• The Constitution protects citizens against unfair government actions and laws
What is scarcity?
• The inability to satisfy all wants
What are resources?
• Factors of production that are used in the production of goods and services (example: trees, silver, water)
What is opportunity cost?
• What is given up when a choice is made.
What is supply?
• The amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at a certain price.
What is demand?
• The amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at a certain price.
What is a command economy?
• An economy in which the government owns all the property and resources (examples: CHINA and Former Soviet Union)
What is a mixed economy?
• An economy in which the government and individuals are principle decision makers (examples: United States and Japan).
What is a Proprietorship?
• A form of business organization with one owner.
What is a Partnership?
• A form of business organization with two or more owners.
What is the Federal Reserve System?
• Acts as a bank regulating the amount of money in circulation.