Civil-military coordination in the Lake Chad region (case)

Volker Hauck/ ECDPM(with thanks to UN-OCHA and Cell for Coordination

and Liaison (CCL) for sharing slides)

Informal CODEV/COHAFA meeting

24-25 July 2017, Tallinn, Estonia

• Violence (~20,000 Killed), Significant numbersenslaved/pressed into service, famine)

• 1.8 million IDP’s in Nigeria (UN Report)/ total displaced: 2.7 million

• 8.5 million in need of humanitarianassistance (UN Report)

• 276 Chibok school girls, but ~thousands of boys kidnapped

• Region is poorer today, schoolsclosed, development on hold

Summary of Boko Haram (BH) atrocities

Région du lac Tchad

Activités militaires Opération « RawanKada »,Une opération qui vise à attaquer les groupes armés dans leurs zones de repli. (ratissage)Les opérations devraient se dérouler au Nigéria, le long des frontières avec le Niger, le Cameroun et dans les îles

Evolution of BH: 2015-2017

Janvier 2015 Juillet 2017

ZONE D’INFLUENCE DE AL BARNAWI (ISWAP)

ZONE D’INFLUENCE DE SHEKAU

ZONE D’INFLUENCE DE BH

Lake ChadKomadougou River

Sambisa Forest Mandara Mountains

Difficult terrain/ big distances

EU engagement in Lake Chad region

INSTITUTIONAL

ARRANGMENTS

• EU Del. (Chad; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon)

• ECHO offices (4x)

• EU MS embassies (F&D)

• Hum. NGOs (EU)

• Dev. NGOs (EU)

• French army (Barkhane)

INSTRUMENTS/

FUNDING

• EU Trust Fund

• African Peace Facility

• RIPs (2x) and NIPs (4x)

• IcSP/ EIDHR/ CSO-LA

• EU MS dev. & hum. support (e.g., GIZ)

• EU MS military support (France & UK)

3

Activités humanitaires

Civil-military coordination

• CMCoord (“Platforme Civilo-Militaire”)

• Follows a strategy of civil-military coexistence

• Chair: UN-OCHA

• Three structures:

– CMCoord Strategic Platform (4x per year)

– CMCoord Operational Platform ((2x per month)

– CMCoord Terrain Platform (only 1 out of 4 sectors operational)

CMCoord: participants

CMCoord

Humanitarian Coordinator

(OCHA)

ECHO/ UN/ ICRC/ NGOs

Embassies (USA & F)

Int. Military actors (CLL &

Barkhane)

Regional Military

actors (Chad & MNJTF)

CMCoord: principal tasks

• Establishing a regular dialogue between civil and military actors at strategic and operational levels

• Aims: promote humanitarian principles; civil protection; address incoherence of actions

• Regular exchange of information about security

• Discuss humanitarian access; use of armed escorts

• Clarifying roles of various military actors

• Next steps: Stabilisation Conference => promoting resilience & collaboration with development actors

Carte d’accès humanitaire dans la région du lac Tchad

Pb d’accès humanitaire

Présence militaire

Accès humanitaire restreint : combats en cours

Zones recommandées avec escortes armées (UN)

Madai

BOL

Bagasola

Liwa

Daboua

Axes lacustres avec escortes(UN)

A long-term conflict and a tedious peace process ahead of all ...

Thank youSource: Florian Plaucheur/AFP