CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
1954 - 1968Essential Question: How did the Civil Rights movement begin to make major progress in correcting segregation?
Jim Crow Laws Laws that selectively
discriminated against Af-Am
Af-Ams were prevented from voting
KKK regularly lynched Af-Am
Segregation Legalized Homer Plessy was an
octoroon Boarded a whites
only car of a train Segregation
legitimized by Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 Established separate
but equal doctrine
Civil Rights Prior to 1954 W.E.B. Du Bois and the
founding of the NAACP Worked to improve legal
rights for Af-Am CORE or Congress of
Racial Equality Dedicated to nonviolent
protests Truman’s Executive
Order to desegregate armed forces
Jackie Robinson
School Segregation in the South
Facilities were grossly unequal
No decent bus transportation
Lack of heating, materials
Legally prohibited from playing together in public
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
Linda Brown was denied entry to “whites only” school six blocks away
Class Action Lawsuit “Separate but Equal”
violated the Constitution’s guarantee of equal protection of the law
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
White Resistance to School Integration
Majority of whites in South opposed school integration
568 pro-segregation organizations established
Federal gov’t stalled desegregation efforts
Manifesto signed by Congress
Little Rock Nine Arkansas governor
Orval Faubus gained attention for resisting integration
Nine Af-Am enrolled at Central High School
Elizabeth Eckford Federal troops
brought in to assist integration
Montgomery Bus Boycott Segregated Bus System Rosa Parks refused to make
room for a white passenger Civil Rights leaders decided to
boycott the Montgomery buses Boycott lasted almost a year
Walked Black taxicabs Churches bought station wagons Volunteers carpooled
MLK Jr. One of the leaders of the Boycotts Non-violence- a philosophy and a
strategy Supreme Ct. says Alabama’s
bus segregation laws are unconstitutional- another victory!
Talk to your neighbor: Essential Question: How did the Civil
Rights movement begin to make major progress in correcting segregation?