1. A promise deferred is a promise denied. Dr. Martin Luther
King, Jr. A legacy of slavery Considered a sub-class if not
sub-human Uneducated by law [self-fulfilling prophecy] The South
after Reconstruction Role of the Supreme Court [Dred Scott] Jim
Crow [Black Codes] legal segregation and discrimination: denial of
rights and voice The Civil War amendments [13, 14, 15] Full
citizenship and right to vote South passes laws to get around the
Constitution [Jim Crow v. suffrage] Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
establishes separate but equal doctrine What that say?
2. The modern Civil Rights Movement Frustrated by Congress,
President Truman desegregates the Exec. Branch including the armed
forces in 1948 [Exec. Order #9981] -Just in time for Korea Brown v.
Board of Education, Topeka KS (1954) Public schools to be
desegregated Overturns separate but equal Resistance at Central
High School Little Rock Arkansas Little Rock Nine AK National Guard
federalized; 101st Airborne sent in [there will be many more] Brown
II court orders states to desegregate schools with all deliberate
speed.
3. The Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955 NAACP officer Rosa Parks
arrested for not giving up seat on bus Montgomery Improvement
Association formed, organizes bus boycott [will last 11 mos.] Elect
26-year-old Baptist pastor Martin Luther King, Jr. leader African
Americans file lawsuits, boycott buses, use carpools, walk Get
support from black community, outside groups, sympathetic whites
1956, Supreme Court outlaws bus segregation
4. Gaining national attention Television a powerful tool of
information and emotion Sit-in at Greensboro, NC Woolworth seen
nationwide [many other sit-ins, marches and demonstrations] Getting
arrested on purpose breaking the system and making a statement
Southern Christian Leadership Conf. [SCLC] and Student Non-violent
Coordinating Comm. [SNCC] lead the movement Freedom Summer 1961
Target is to desegregate busses; encourage blacks to register to
vote Violence directed toward Freedom Riders;
5. Triumph [?] 250,000 March on Washington to demand Civil
Rights legislation Dr. King delivers the I have a dream speech. LBJ
signs Civil Rights Act into law, 1964 24th Amendment ends poll tax
Followed by the Voting Rights Act 1965 Swann v. Charlotte-Meck.
Schools (1971) orders nationwide busing of students to desegregate
Affirmative action programs [Regents of Univ of Cal. Berkeley v.
Bakke (1971)] 1997 Chuck Burris elected mayor of Stone Mountain, GA
NOT DONE YET!!
6. Triumph [?] 250,000 March on Washington to demand Civil
Rights legislation Dr. King delivers the I have a dream speech. LBJ
signs Civil Rights Act into law, 1964 24th Amendment ends poll tax
Followed by the Voting Rights Act 1965 Swann v. Charlotte-Meck.
Schools (1971) orders nationwide busing of students to desegregate
Affirmative action programs [Regents of Univ of Cal. Berkeley v.
Bakke (1971)] 1997 Chuck Burris elected mayor of Stone Mountain, GA
NOT DONE YET!!