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CIVIL RIGHTS OVERVIEW
CIVIL RIGHTS OVERVIEW
Brown vs Board
• Outlawed segregation in public schools.
Thurgood Marshall
• Civil Rights Lawyer (argued for Brown in
Brown vs. Board) • First African
American on the Supreme Court
(served for 24 years)
Crisis at Little Rock
• The President takes over the Arkansas National Guard to allow nine students to attend school.
The Murder of Emmitt Till
Mose Wright pointing to the man who killed Till
Rosa Parks/Bus Boycott
MLK and SCLC
• Southern Christian Leadership Conference that used non-violence tactics to promote Civil Rights.
Greensboro Sit-In
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
• One of the most important civil rights organizations. It participated in many important events, such as Sit-ins, Freedom Rides, etc.
Freedom Rides• Civil Rights
Activists who rode on buses through the South to challenge segregation.
James Meredith• The 1st Black student admitted to the
University of Mississippi, a key moment in Civil Rights history.
“Stand In School House Door”• The governor of Alabama stood at the
door of the University of Alabama to prevent desegregation.
Birmingham March/Campaign-• King and other
protesters are arrested in Alabama over a several day period for marching.
• The images of fire hoses, police dogs, and police brutality shock the nation.
March on Washington 1963• Several hundred thousand people rally in
to protest about jobs and freedom• MLK delivers his “I Have A Dream”
Speech.
Freedom Summer
Selma to Montgomery Marches
• In response to the murder of a demonstrator (Jimmy Jackson), King and others plan a 50 mile protest.
The Murder of James Reeb
Civil Rights Acts of 1964-68• These civil rights
laws outlawed discrimination overall, (race, color, religion, sex, national identity), in voting and housing.
King in Chicago (1966)
King’s Poor People’s Campaign (1968)
Urban Violence• Watts Riot=Police
arrests led to a several day riot in which 34 people were killed (1965).
Kerner Commission• Government study that concluded that • White racism was• the cause of urban
violence.
Nation of Islam• A black Muslim organization that
promotes the separation of blacks from whites.
Malcolm X• Civil Rights leader who promoted self-
defense and separation from whites.
Stokely Carmichael• Activist who preached the idea of black
power, and blacks taking complete control of the civil rights movement.
Black Panthers• A political party that preached self-
defense and self-sufficiency for blacks.
2nd-Wave Feminism• 1st Wave ??• Feminism - the belief that women should
have economic, political, and social equality with men. – Goals=unofficial & official inequalities, workplace,
family rights, & reproductive rights, • Betty Friedan & Feminine Mystique (’63) -Attacked the notion that women could only
find fulfillment through homemaking and childbirth-labeling it…“the problem that has no name”
• Founded in 1966 “to take action to bring women into full participation in the mainstream of American society now, exercising all privileges and responsibilities thereof in truly equal partnership with men."
• Women’s liberation movement that sought to end sex discrimination in the workplace.
• E.R.A.-Equal Rights Amendment passed by Congress in 1972.– Guaranteed that both men and women would
have the same rights and protection. • Conservative backlash/anti-feminists
prevented ratification by the states.– Arguments against
• Women could be drafted• Unisex bathrooms• Same-Sex Marriage
Phyllis Schlafly• The U.S. Constitution is not
the place for symbols or slogans, it is not the proper device to alleviate psychological problems or personal inferiority. It would be a tragic mistake for our nation to succumb to the tirades and demands of a few women who are seeking a constitution cure for their personal problem.
A.I.M.• Founded in 1968 with the purpose
of taking an aggressive approach to approving conditions and lessening discrimination for Native Americans.
• Hostile Takeovers instead of sit-ins–Bureau of Indian Affairs &
Wounded Knee
The Longoria Affair
Cesar Chavez
Cesar Chavez
• Civil Rights Activist who fought for better working conditions and rights for farm workers
La Causa
• In the 60’s he organized a boycott of the Delano grape growers to improve pay.
• The movement grows into UFW (United Farm Workers)
• In the 70’s he is involved with strikes with lettuce and grape growers.
• In the 80’s he focuses on the dangers of pesticides.
• “Non-violence really rests on the reservoir that you have to create in yourself of patience, not of being patient with the problems, but being patient with yourself to do the hard work.”
