The Movement of Civil The Movement of Civil RightsRights

• Definition of TermsDefinition of Terms• Civil War AmendmentsCivil War Amendments• Civil rights leadersCivil rights leaders• Supreme Court RulingsSupreme Court Rulings• Segregation, Fighting Segregation, Fighting

for their rightsfor their rights

*Integration is to come together as a whole; to combine

*Segregation is to separate or set apart from others or from the main body or group; to isolate

Amendment 13Amendment 13 ““Neither slavery nor involuntary Neither slavery nor involuntary

servitude shall exist within the servitude shall exist within the U.S.U.S.

Amendment 14Amendment 14 Guaranteed the rights of Guaranteed the rights of

citizenship and equal protection of citizenship and equal protection of the laws applying to all Americansthe laws applying to all Americans

Amendment 15Amendment 15 ““The right of citizens of the U.S. to The right of citizens of the U.S. to

vote shall not be denied by any vote shall not be denied by any state on account of race, color or state on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude.”previous condition of servitude.”

Supreme Court Rulings Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) Equal but Separate, before Brown vs.

Board of Education Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)

Plessy vs. FergusonPlessy vs. Ferguson• Held in the Supreme Court in Held in the Supreme Court in

18961896• Justice Henry Billings Brown Justice Henry Billings Brown

wrote the majority opinion wrote the majority opinion stating that “separate but stating that “separate but equal” laws did not imply the equal” laws did not imply the inferiority of one race to inferiority of one race to another.another.

Brown vs. Board of Education Topeka, Kansas in 1954

Chief Justice Earl Warren broke a record when he utterly overruled the “separate but equal” policy

Allowed for integration in public schools and facilities in the south

Civil rights leadersCivil rights leaders

Some Civil Rights Leaders includes:Some Civil Rights Leaders includes:

• Ella BakerElla Baker• Frederick DouglassFrederick Douglass• James MeredithJames Meredith• Kenneth B. ClarkKenneth B. Clark

Ella Baker Civil rights activist

born in 1903, in Northfolk Virginia

Founder of the Young Negroes Cooperative League

She was a part in many organizations including the NCAAP

James Meredith

• Was a civil rights activist was well known for leading the March Against Fear in 1966, a protest against voter registration intimidation

• From 1989 to 1991 he became an adviser to southern conservative Senator Jesse Helms

• James Meredith is the first black student to enroll in the University of Mississippi

Kenneth B. Clark

• Kenneth Bancroft Clark, born in 1914 and died in 2005, taught psychology at Howard from 1937-38, and Hampton Institute from 1940-41.

• He was also a member of the New York State Board of Regents (1966-86)

• Kenneth was a author and wrote of a 1950 report on racial discrimination that was cited in the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans.

Segregation, Fighting for their rights

Rosa Parks doesn't

give up her seat on

the bus in Montgomery

President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Works Works Cited Cited

 "Ella Baker." Infoplease.© 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease. 25 Apr. 2011 <http://www.infoplease.com>. Gardner, John. "The Civil Rights Movement." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 15 Apr 2011. <http://www.pbs.org>. "Kans. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka." The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia.© 1994, 2000-2006, on Infoplease.© 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease.15 Apr. 2011 <http://www.infoplease.com>. "Kenneth Bancroft Clark." The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia.© 1994, 2000-2006, on Infoplease.© 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease.27 Apr. 2011 <http://www.infoplease.com>. Meredith, James." Infoplease.© 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease.28 Apr. 2011 <http://www.infoplease.com>. "Plessy v. Ferguson." The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia.© 1994, 2000-2006, on Infoplease.© 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease.15 Apr. 2011 <http://www.infoplease.com>.  1791-1991 The Bill of Rights and Beyond. Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress, 1991. 57-62. Print