Classification

Biodiversity• Definition: The variety of species living in an area

• The _____________ biodiversity there is in an ecosystem, the ___________ that ecosystem is.

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WHY, oh WHY do we CLASSIFY??

HOW do we Classify?• Anatomy

• Cytology

• BioChemistry

• Embryology

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Language: LATIN

“Hey mate want to grab a joint, share a fag and wipe up with a nappy?”

Levels of Classification

• Did• King• Phillip• Come• Over • For • Green• Soup

• Domain• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species

How does THIS represent the

Levels of Classification?

Animalia

Chordata

Mammalia

Primate

Hominidae

Homo

sapiens

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

FamilyGenus

Species

Scientific Names: Binomial Nomenclature

Cat

Gatto

Chat

Felis domesticus or

Felis domesticus

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Honeoye Falls-Lima ?

◦cougars

◦mountain lion

◦panther

◦puma

◦catamount Felis concolor

How to Write a Scientific name

• Use the GENUS and SPECIES names.• Genus is first, species is second.• Genus is capitalized (first letter only), species is

all lower case.• The entire name is either underlined or italicized

(when handwritten, always underline).

• Musca domestica • Ursus horribilis• Canus lupus

What the heck is a Cladogram?

A cladogram is a tree-like diagram showing evolutionary relationships.

Cladograms, continued…

• Cladograms also show which groups are more related to each other than to other groups:

• Example: snakes are more closely related to birds than they are to mammals.

Holy Cow!! Can you imagine doing all

this?

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How it all works….

3 Domains:

BacteriaArchea Eukarya

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oms

Moneran: Moneran:

• Prokaryotic

•Includes all bacteria except those that live in extreme conditions.

Archaebacteria:Archaebacteria:

• Live in extreme conditions

• Most primitive

• Prokaryotic

ProtistaProtista

FungiFungi

AnimaliaAnimalia

PlantaePlantae

(Info on next slide)

The Eukarya Domain

Protista Fungi Animalia Plantae

•Unicellular and colonial•Both animal-like and plant-like•Auto- and heterotrophic

•Multicelluar (EXCEPT yeast)•Heterotrophic•Non-motile•Sessile

•Multicellular•Heterotrophic•Motile

•Multicellular•Autotrophic

Dichotomous Keys

• A tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world, such as trees, wildflowers, mammals, reptiles, rocks, and fish. Keys consist of a series of choices that lead the user to the correct name of a given item.

• For each item, there are two choices…

Example of a Key:

1.A. Has fur……………………..go to 21.B. No fur………………………go to 3

2.A. Has wings…………………BAT2.B. No wings, tail……………..go to 7

3.A. Has scales…………………go to 43.B. No scales…………………..go to 5