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Classification Presented by Kesler Science
ClassificationPresented by Kesler Science
1. How is the broadest taxonomic classification of living organisms divided into currently recognized Domains?
Essential Questions:
Classification• The process of grouping things
based on similarities.
Taxonomy• The scientific study of how
living things are classified.
Classification
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Aristotle• 5AD
• Credited with creating the first classification system.
• Only classified objects as plants or animals
Classification
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Carolus Linnaeus• 1707 -1778
• Father of Taxonomy
• Gave us the hierarchical system we now use. (with some changes)
• His system had 3 Kingdoms•Animals•Plants•Minerals
• Each divided into classes, in turn into orders, families, genus, and species with an additional rank lower than species.
Classification
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Classification
George E. Fox and Carl Woese
• Introduced the Three Domain System in the early 1970’s
• Latest changes have been proven by modern technology in molecular biology.
• Based on differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
• Woese was first to classify Archaeaa separate domain (1977).
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George Fox
University of Houston
1945 - present
Carl Woese
University of Illinois
at Urbana–Champaign
1928 -2012
8 Levels of Classification• Domain –broadest category
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species – most specific category
Classification
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Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
As each group is split into smaller groups, the organisms are more and more alike.
Classification
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Classification of dog
from domain
to species.
Quick Action – Classification
• Stand up and find a partner.
•Brainstorm ideas for a mnemonic device to help your remember the order of classification.
•Add this to your notebook.
•Do you remember the one we used for the metric system?
•King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk!
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Domain• The highest rank of organisms in
a biological taxonomy
• It divides all cellular life forms into three groups.
•Archaea
•Bacteria
•Eukaryote
Classification
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Domain
Archaea Bacteria Eukarya
Quick Action – INB Template
Title INB Template
1. Cut out the Template along all solid lines.
2. Fold along the solid lines to make an accordion.
3. Glue into INB along skinny tab.
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Domain - Archaea• Unicellular
• Prokaryotes – no nuclear membrane
• Found in extreme environments•Salty water•Volcanic hot springs•Example: Sulfolobus (a microorganism that grows in volcanic springs)
• Kingdom: Archaebacteria
Classification
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Domain - Bacteria• Found everywhere
• Prokaryotes – no nuclear membrane
• Most known and most studied bacteria•Example: Streptococcus (the bacteria that causes strep throat)
• Kingdom: Eubacteria
Classification
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Domain - Eukarya• Found everywhere
• Most of the world’s living things.
• Eukaryotes – cell has a nucleus•Example: Humans
•Kingdom:•Protista•Fungi•Animalia•Plantae
Classification
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Quick Action – Classification
• Stand up and find two partners to work with.
• Each person take out the front pocket on your backpack and dump it on your desk.
• First divide(classify)your own materials into groups.
•Compare your groups with the other students on your team. Are they similar/different?
•Now working together categorize your materials into the smallest number of groups, such as Domains which categorize all life into 3 groups.
© KeslerScience.com
Quick Action – INB Template
Title INB Template
1. Cut out the Template along all solid lines.
2. Fold in half to make flip book.
3. Glue into INB along blank side.
© KeslerScience.com
Classification
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Kingdom Eubacteria• True bacteria
• Prokaryotic
• Unicellular
• Autotrophs and Heterotroph
• Spherical or rod-shaped
• Found in soil, rocks, oceans, snow and living organisms
Classification
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Kingdom Archaeabacteria
• Differs from other bacteria
• Prokaryotic
• Unicellular
• Autotroph and Heterotroph
• Found in hydrothermal vents
Kingdom - Protista• Cannot be classified as animal,
plant or fungus.
• Eukaryotes
• Most are unicellular
• Autotroph and Heterotroph
• Ex: slime mold (A), protozoa (B), primitive algae (C)
Classification
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B
C
A
Kingdom - Fungi• Multicellular
• Eukaryotes
• All heterotrophs – consumers
• Ex: yeast (A), mushrooms (B), ringworm (C)
Classification
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C
A
B
Kingdom - Plantae• Multicellular
• Eukaryotes
• Most live on land
• Autotrophs – producer, makes its own food
• Provides food for heterotrophs.
Classification
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Kingdom - Animalia• Multicellular
• Eukaryotes
• Live everywhere
• Heterotrophs - consumers
Classification
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Check for Understanding
Can you…
1. Explain how the broadest taxonomic classification of all living organisms is divided into currently recognized Domains?
© KeslerScience.com
Domain
Archaea Bacteria Eukarya
