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Classification/Taxonomy
Chapter 17
The Three-Domain System• There are 3 Domains:– Domain Bacteria– Domain Archaea– Domain Eukarya
• There are 6 Kingdoms:
1. Eubacteria 2. Archaebacteria 3. Protista4. Fungi 5. Plantae 6. Animalia
The Three-Domain System• There are 3 Domains:– Domain Bacteria• Kingdom Eubacteria• Unicellular/Prokaryotes• Cell walls have Peptidoglycan
– Domain Archaea• Kingdom Archaebacteria• Unicellular/Prokaryotes• Cell walls withOUT Peptidoglycan
– Domain Eukarya• Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Kingdom Archaebacteria- Unicellular Prokaryote- Cell walls withOUT Peptidoglycan- Extremophiles – Love extreme environments
like volcanoes, hydrothermal vents, and hot springs
Archaea Hydrothermal Vent Hot Spring Volcano
Domain Archaea
Kingdom Eubacteria- Unicellular Prokaryote- Cell walls with Peptidoglycan- All other bacteria you encounter everyday
E. coli Staphlycoccus Streptococcus
Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Protista- Unicellular or Multicellular- Live in colonies
Amoeba Euglena Paramecium
Video Clip: Amoeba
Domain Eukarya
Plant-like Protists–Algae
–Euglena•Live in shallow water•Photosynthetic (autotrophic)•Can also be heterotrophic when light not available
»Absorb nutrients»Ingest other organisms
3 Categories of Protista
1. Plant-like1. Example: Algae2. Perform photosynthesis (autotrophs)
2. Animal-like1. Example: Amoeba2. Can cause disease (malaria, sleeping sickness)
3. Fungus-like1. Example: Slime molds
Animal-like Protists
–Also called Protozoans–4 Types
1. Ciliates (Example: Paramecium)
2. Sarcodina (Example: Amoeba)3. Zooflagellates4. Sporozoans
Slime Mold
Kingdom Fungi
- Unicellular or Multicellular- Cell walls made of Chitin- Heterotrophs….they eat!
Yeast Mushrooms
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
- Can reproduce sexually & asexually- Usually reproduce asexually- Yeast reproduce asexually by budding
- However, under unfavorable conditions (such as drought) fungi reproduce sexually
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi•Hyphae• Thread-like structures which form all parts of the fungus• Main function is to help fungus obtain food – provide large
surface area for absorption of nutrients
Kingdom Plantae
- Multicellular- Cell walls made of Cellulose- Autotrophs….make their own food
Trees & Grass Moss Venus Fly Trap
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
- Multicellular- NO cell walls- Heterotrophs….they eat
Worms Insects Jellyfish Giraffes
Domain Eukarya
6 KingdomsEubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
E. ecoli Paramecium Fern frodH. coccinea Homo sapiensPyrococcus furiosus
ProkaryoteProkaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote
Autotroph or heterotroph
Autotroph orheterotroph
Autotroph orheterotroph Heterotroph HeterotrophAutotroph
Most common bacteria
Live in very hot places
Includes Algae
“Junk Drawer"Chloroplasts
Release enzymes to digest food
“Ancient Bacteria”
Unicellular Unicellular
Peptidoglycan No Peptidoglycan Chitin Cellulose No Cell Wall
Unicellular, Multicellular, Colonial
Unicellular (Yeast), Multicellular
Multicellular Multicellular