24
Ethanol Propane Biodiesel Natural Gas CLEAN CITIES Alternative Fuel Price Report October 2015
Ethanol Propane BiodieselNatural Gas
CLEAN CITIES
Alternative Fuel Price Report
October 2015
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2
Welcome to the October 2015 issueThe Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Report is a quarterly report designed to keep Clean Cities coalitions and other interested parties up to date on the prices of alternative and conventional fuels in the United States This issue summarizes prices that were submitted between October 1 2015 and October 15 2015 by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other Clean Cities stakeholders
Whatrsquos New in This IssueWe continually seek feedback from users of the Alternative Fuel Price Report so that we can present the pricing information in the clearest and most user-friendly fashion
We indicate in the Methodology section that the prices collected for the report represent retail at-the-pump sales prices for each fuel In the propane and compressed natural gas sections beginning with the July 2015 issue we also included the following note
ldquoThe Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factorsrdquo
Some alternative fuel providers remain concerned that potential alternative fuel users might look at the report and not realize that the prices presented in the tables are retail prices and do not represent prices that fleets might be able to obtain by entering into individual contracts with fuel suppliers To ensure that there is no confusion on this issue we have added the word ldquoRetailrdquo to the headings of all applicable tables throughout the report
Looking AheadWe will continue to improve the Alternative Fuel Price Report based on user feedback
bull In the January issue we will begin including tables that compare prices for E85 propane B20 and B99B100 to gasoline and diesel on an energy-equivalent basis (Prices for compressed natural gas are already shown on a gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and diesel gallon equivalent (DGE) basis) We will continue to include the tables in each section that show retail at-the-pump sales prices for the alternative and conventional fuels
bull In the future as the number of liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices submitted continues to increase we will include a section on LNG prices relative to diesel
bull We continue to work on creating a system that will allow for additional customizable on-line reports
We look forward to hearing from you as we implement these upgrades
3
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Methodologybull This reportrsquos prices represent retail at-the-pump sales
prices for each fuel including federal and state motor fuel taxes1
bull Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other key stakeholders provide prices for fuels in their areas on a voluntary basis
bull Prices were submitted for all major alternative fuels currently in widespread use ie natural gas propane biodiesel and ethanol
bull Prices were submitted for conventional fuels from stations that also sell alternative fuels or from nearby stations
bull Prices from public and private refueling stations are included2
bull Prices were averaged to determine regional price trends by fuel and variability in fuel price within and among regions3
bull Some states charge a flat annual fee in lieu of collecting motor fuel taxes at the pump usually for large trucks using gaseous fuels like compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG or propane) These flat fees are not included in the prices reported in these pages
bull Consistent with the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) fuel price reporting format prices are grouped by the Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADD) The PADD districts are illustrated in the map below
FIGURE 1 PETROLEUM ADMINSTRATION FOR DEFENSE DISTRICTS (PADD)Source US Energy Information Administration
Number of Data Points Submitted
Region Gasoline Diesel CNG Ethanol Propane B20 B99B100
New England 41 33 28 5 25 11 4
Central Atlantic 86 83 93 99 52 35 3
Lower Atlantic 64 66 54 67 121 20 8
Midwest 223 123 113 208 75 33 2
Gulf Coast 80 61 61 127 131 7 3
Rocky Mountain 75 41 108 61 73 11 3
West Coast 125 145 124 74 129 33 27
TOTAL 694 552 581 641 606 150 50
1 In some cases prices were submitted by government refueling facilities and motor fuel taxes were not included in the prices reported to Clean Cities In these instances the appropriate federal and state motor fuel taxes have been added to the reported prices to provide a more representative basis for comparison 2 Public refueling stations are open to the public while private fueling stations are privately-owned or available only to selected fleets 3Fuel price averages for this report are determined by simply averaging the individual data points received A comparison of average fuel prices for private and for public stations by region can be found on pages 20-21
TABLE 1
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
4
Summary of CurrentReport Information
National Average Retail Fuel PricesConventional and Alternative Fuels October 2015
Fuel Type4 July 2015 October 2015
Change in PriceJuly-October
Units of Measurement
Gasoline (E10)
$282 $235 -$047 per gallon
Diesel $293 $259 -$034 per gallon
CNG $212 $209 -$003 per GGE
Ethanol (E85) $236 $218 -$018 per gallon
Propane $290 $290 $000 per gallon
Biodiesel (B20) $293 $266 -$027 per gallon
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$355 $340 -$015 per gallon
TABLE 2
Liquid fuels have differing energy contents per gallon so the price paid per unit of energy content can differ somewhat from the price paid per gallon Table 3 shows fuel prices from Table 2 normalized to an energy-equivalent basis
Note that for the alternative fuels prices on an energy-equivalent basis ie $GGE or $DGE are generally higher than the prices per gallon due to their lower energy content5
Propane prices include information from both ldquoprimaryrdquo and ldquosecondaryrdquo stations Primary stations have dedicated vehicle services and tend to be less expensive than secondary stations which mostly serve the propane tank and bottle market
Prices for Table 3 were calculated using the nominal lower heating values in BTUs per gallon of fuel from the Oak Ridge National Laboratoryrsquos Transportation Energy Data Book6
National Average Retail Fuel Prices On An Energy-Equivalent Basis October 2015
Fuel TypePer Gasoline
Gallon Equivalent ($GGE)
Per Diesel Gallon Equivalent
($DGE)
Per Million British Thermal Units ($MBtu)
Gasoline (E10)
$235 $265 $2056
Diesel $230 $259 $2012
CNG $209 $237 $1829
Ethanol (E85)
$284 $321 $3242
Propane $397 $446 $4754
Biodiesel (B20)
$239 $271 $1891
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$333 $374 $2844
Table 2 shows national average retail fuel prices for this report and the previous report Changes in average retail prices from one quarter to another may be due to a number of factors including an actual change in price different sample sizes the inclusion of different locations and seasonal variations in demand
Prices in this report were reported in the units in which they are typically sold for example dollars per gallon of gasoline or dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) of CNG
Consumer interest in alternative fuels generally increases when the alternative fuel price is less than the conventional fuel price on a per gallon basis even if that differential does not directly translate to savings on an energy-equivalent basis
TABLE 3
4 A very small sample (6 points) of hydrogen information was received with an average price of $1036GGE 5 For ethanol flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs) the actual difference in fuel used per mile is somewhat less than would be calculated simply on the difference in energy content of the fuels Some sources have noted that some FFVs can achieve better energy efficiency (miles per unit of energy) on E85 than on gasoline This effect is not currently included in these calculations as the magnitude of the effect varies by specific FFV model6 httpctaornlgovdata A listing of the conversion factors used appears as an appendix at the end of this report
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
5
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Gasoline and Diesel Prices Clean Cities and EIA Data
Table 4 below shows gasoline and diesel prices submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15
2015 compared to prices from the petroleum information section of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) website for the week of October 8 2015
The EIA data shows weekly average prices from a sample of approximately 800 retail gasoline and 400 retail diesel outlets across the country The EIA data points are weighted to reflect the quantity of fuel being sold at that price
Clean Cities prices for conventional fuels were obtained from retail stations providing alternative fuel price information or from nearby stations so data collection was not uniform across the regions of the country however the information is representative of refueling stations selling both alternative fuels and conventional fuels
The Clean Cities data is not weighted and represents simple averages of reported prices While there is some variation the EIA average prices match relatively closely with the average prices reported by Clean Cities coordinators
Average Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices by Region in $gal from Clean Cities and EIA Sources
GASOLINE PRICES DIESEL PRICES
Region Clean Cities EIA Difference Clean Cities EIA Difference
New England $241 $223 $018 $272 $258 $014
Central Atlantic $220 $222 -$002 $273 $263 $010
Lower Atlantic $215 $212 $003 $248 $243 $005
Midwest $236 $235 $001 $247 $249 -$002
Gulf Coast $197 $204 -$007 $227 $232 -$005
Rocky Mountain $235 $248 -$013 $246 $250 -$004
West Coast $276 $279 -$003 $280 $269 $011
NATIONAL AVERAGE $235 $232 $003 $259 $249 $010
EIA = Energy Information AdministrationEIA prices are from the petroleum information section of the EIA website week of October 8 2015 httpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPMR_PTE_DPGAL_WxlshttpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPD2D_PTE_DPGAL_WxlsNegative numbers represent average Clean Cities prices that are lower than EIA prices
TABLE 4
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
6
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Gasoline)
CNG prices in Table 5 were obtained from the ldquoprice at the pumprdquo given in $gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and averaged for each region
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($GGE)
Gasoline Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $244 $241 $003
Central Atlantic $199 $220 -$021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $203 $236 -$033
Gulf Coast $204 $197 $007
Rocky Mountain $189 $235 -$046
West Coast $237 $276 -$039
NATIONAL AVERAGE $209 $235 -$026
The prices shown in Table 5 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $026 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that
are lower than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis
States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data points in
the current report
FIGURE 2 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
GGE = gasoline gallon equivalentNegative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than gasoline on a $GGE basis
TABLE 5
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2
Welcome to the October 2015 issueThe Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Report is a quarterly report designed to keep Clean Cities coalitions and other interested parties up to date on the prices of alternative and conventional fuels in the United States This issue summarizes prices that were submitted between October 1 2015 and October 15 2015 by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other Clean Cities stakeholders
Whatrsquos New in This IssueWe continually seek feedback from users of the Alternative Fuel Price Report so that we can present the pricing information in the clearest and most user-friendly fashion
We indicate in the Methodology section that the prices collected for the report represent retail at-the-pump sales prices for each fuel In the propane and compressed natural gas sections beginning with the July 2015 issue we also included the following note
ldquoThe Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factorsrdquo
Some alternative fuel providers remain concerned that potential alternative fuel users might look at the report and not realize that the prices presented in the tables are retail prices and do not represent prices that fleets might be able to obtain by entering into individual contracts with fuel suppliers To ensure that there is no confusion on this issue we have added the word ldquoRetailrdquo to the headings of all applicable tables throughout the report
Looking AheadWe will continue to improve the Alternative Fuel Price Report based on user feedback
bull In the January issue we will begin including tables that compare prices for E85 propane B20 and B99B100 to gasoline and diesel on an energy-equivalent basis (Prices for compressed natural gas are already shown on a gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and diesel gallon equivalent (DGE) basis) We will continue to include the tables in each section that show retail at-the-pump sales prices for the alternative and conventional fuels
bull In the future as the number of liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices submitted continues to increase we will include a section on LNG prices relative to diesel
bull We continue to work on creating a system that will allow for additional customizable on-line reports
We look forward to hearing from you as we implement these upgrades
3
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Methodologybull This reportrsquos prices represent retail at-the-pump sales
prices for each fuel including federal and state motor fuel taxes1
bull Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other key stakeholders provide prices for fuels in their areas on a voluntary basis
bull Prices were submitted for all major alternative fuels currently in widespread use ie natural gas propane biodiesel and ethanol
bull Prices were submitted for conventional fuels from stations that also sell alternative fuels or from nearby stations
bull Prices from public and private refueling stations are included2
bull Prices were averaged to determine regional price trends by fuel and variability in fuel price within and among regions3
bull Some states charge a flat annual fee in lieu of collecting motor fuel taxes at the pump usually for large trucks using gaseous fuels like compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG or propane) These flat fees are not included in the prices reported in these pages
bull Consistent with the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) fuel price reporting format prices are grouped by the Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADD) The PADD districts are illustrated in the map below
FIGURE 1 PETROLEUM ADMINSTRATION FOR DEFENSE DISTRICTS (PADD)Source US Energy Information Administration
Number of Data Points Submitted
Region Gasoline Diesel CNG Ethanol Propane B20 B99B100
New England 41 33 28 5 25 11 4
Central Atlantic 86 83 93 99 52 35 3
Lower Atlantic 64 66 54 67 121 20 8
Midwest 223 123 113 208 75 33 2
Gulf Coast 80 61 61 127 131 7 3
Rocky Mountain 75 41 108 61 73 11 3
West Coast 125 145 124 74 129 33 27
TOTAL 694 552 581 641 606 150 50
1 In some cases prices were submitted by government refueling facilities and motor fuel taxes were not included in the prices reported to Clean Cities In these instances the appropriate federal and state motor fuel taxes have been added to the reported prices to provide a more representative basis for comparison 2 Public refueling stations are open to the public while private fueling stations are privately-owned or available only to selected fleets 3Fuel price averages for this report are determined by simply averaging the individual data points received A comparison of average fuel prices for private and for public stations by region can be found on pages 20-21
TABLE 1
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
4
Summary of CurrentReport Information
National Average Retail Fuel PricesConventional and Alternative Fuels October 2015
Fuel Type4 July 2015 October 2015
Change in PriceJuly-October
Units of Measurement
Gasoline (E10)
$282 $235 -$047 per gallon
Diesel $293 $259 -$034 per gallon
CNG $212 $209 -$003 per GGE
Ethanol (E85) $236 $218 -$018 per gallon
Propane $290 $290 $000 per gallon
Biodiesel (B20) $293 $266 -$027 per gallon
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$355 $340 -$015 per gallon
TABLE 2
Liquid fuels have differing energy contents per gallon so the price paid per unit of energy content can differ somewhat from the price paid per gallon Table 3 shows fuel prices from Table 2 normalized to an energy-equivalent basis
Note that for the alternative fuels prices on an energy-equivalent basis ie $GGE or $DGE are generally higher than the prices per gallon due to their lower energy content5
Propane prices include information from both ldquoprimaryrdquo and ldquosecondaryrdquo stations Primary stations have dedicated vehicle services and tend to be less expensive than secondary stations which mostly serve the propane tank and bottle market
Prices for Table 3 were calculated using the nominal lower heating values in BTUs per gallon of fuel from the Oak Ridge National Laboratoryrsquos Transportation Energy Data Book6
National Average Retail Fuel Prices On An Energy-Equivalent Basis October 2015
Fuel TypePer Gasoline
Gallon Equivalent ($GGE)
Per Diesel Gallon Equivalent
($DGE)
Per Million British Thermal Units ($MBtu)
Gasoline (E10)
$235 $265 $2056
Diesel $230 $259 $2012
CNG $209 $237 $1829
Ethanol (E85)
$284 $321 $3242
Propane $397 $446 $4754
Biodiesel (B20)
$239 $271 $1891
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$333 $374 $2844
Table 2 shows national average retail fuel prices for this report and the previous report Changes in average retail prices from one quarter to another may be due to a number of factors including an actual change in price different sample sizes the inclusion of different locations and seasonal variations in demand
Prices in this report were reported in the units in which they are typically sold for example dollars per gallon of gasoline or dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) of CNG
Consumer interest in alternative fuels generally increases when the alternative fuel price is less than the conventional fuel price on a per gallon basis even if that differential does not directly translate to savings on an energy-equivalent basis
TABLE 3
4 A very small sample (6 points) of hydrogen information was received with an average price of $1036GGE 5 For ethanol flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs) the actual difference in fuel used per mile is somewhat less than would be calculated simply on the difference in energy content of the fuels Some sources have noted that some FFVs can achieve better energy efficiency (miles per unit of energy) on E85 than on gasoline This effect is not currently included in these calculations as the magnitude of the effect varies by specific FFV model6 httpctaornlgovdata A listing of the conversion factors used appears as an appendix at the end of this report
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
5
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Gasoline and Diesel Prices Clean Cities and EIA Data
Table 4 below shows gasoline and diesel prices submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15
2015 compared to prices from the petroleum information section of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) website for the week of October 8 2015
The EIA data shows weekly average prices from a sample of approximately 800 retail gasoline and 400 retail diesel outlets across the country The EIA data points are weighted to reflect the quantity of fuel being sold at that price
Clean Cities prices for conventional fuels were obtained from retail stations providing alternative fuel price information or from nearby stations so data collection was not uniform across the regions of the country however the information is representative of refueling stations selling both alternative fuels and conventional fuels
The Clean Cities data is not weighted and represents simple averages of reported prices While there is some variation the EIA average prices match relatively closely with the average prices reported by Clean Cities coordinators
Average Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices by Region in $gal from Clean Cities and EIA Sources
GASOLINE PRICES DIESEL PRICES
Region Clean Cities EIA Difference Clean Cities EIA Difference
New England $241 $223 $018 $272 $258 $014
Central Atlantic $220 $222 -$002 $273 $263 $010
Lower Atlantic $215 $212 $003 $248 $243 $005
Midwest $236 $235 $001 $247 $249 -$002
Gulf Coast $197 $204 -$007 $227 $232 -$005
Rocky Mountain $235 $248 -$013 $246 $250 -$004
West Coast $276 $279 -$003 $280 $269 $011
NATIONAL AVERAGE $235 $232 $003 $259 $249 $010
EIA = Energy Information AdministrationEIA prices are from the petroleum information section of the EIA website week of October 8 2015 httpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPMR_PTE_DPGAL_WxlshttpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPD2D_PTE_DPGAL_WxlsNegative numbers represent average Clean Cities prices that are lower than EIA prices
TABLE 4
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
6
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Gasoline)
CNG prices in Table 5 were obtained from the ldquoprice at the pumprdquo given in $gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and averaged for each region
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($GGE)
Gasoline Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $244 $241 $003
Central Atlantic $199 $220 -$021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $203 $236 -$033
Gulf Coast $204 $197 $007
Rocky Mountain $189 $235 -$046
West Coast $237 $276 -$039
NATIONAL AVERAGE $209 $235 -$026
The prices shown in Table 5 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $026 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that
are lower than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis
States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data points in
the current report
FIGURE 2 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
GGE = gasoline gallon equivalentNegative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than gasoline on a $GGE basis
TABLE 5
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
3
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Methodologybull This reportrsquos prices represent retail at-the-pump sales
prices for each fuel including federal and state motor fuel taxes1
bull Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other key stakeholders provide prices for fuels in their areas on a voluntary basis
bull Prices were submitted for all major alternative fuels currently in widespread use ie natural gas propane biodiesel and ethanol
bull Prices were submitted for conventional fuels from stations that also sell alternative fuels or from nearby stations
bull Prices from public and private refueling stations are included2
bull Prices were averaged to determine regional price trends by fuel and variability in fuel price within and among regions3
bull Some states charge a flat annual fee in lieu of collecting motor fuel taxes at the pump usually for large trucks using gaseous fuels like compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG or propane) These flat fees are not included in the prices reported in these pages
bull Consistent with the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) fuel price reporting format prices are grouped by the Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADD) The PADD districts are illustrated in the map below
FIGURE 1 PETROLEUM ADMINSTRATION FOR DEFENSE DISTRICTS (PADD)Source US Energy Information Administration
Number of Data Points Submitted
Region Gasoline Diesel CNG Ethanol Propane B20 B99B100
New England 41 33 28 5 25 11 4
Central Atlantic 86 83 93 99 52 35 3
Lower Atlantic 64 66 54 67 121 20 8
Midwest 223 123 113 208 75 33 2
Gulf Coast 80 61 61 127 131 7 3
Rocky Mountain 75 41 108 61 73 11 3
West Coast 125 145 124 74 129 33 27
TOTAL 694 552 581 641 606 150 50
1 In some cases prices were submitted by government refueling facilities and motor fuel taxes were not included in the prices reported to Clean Cities In these instances the appropriate federal and state motor fuel taxes have been added to the reported prices to provide a more representative basis for comparison 2 Public refueling stations are open to the public while private fueling stations are privately-owned or available only to selected fleets 3Fuel price averages for this report are determined by simply averaging the individual data points received A comparison of average fuel prices for private and for public stations by region can be found on pages 20-21
TABLE 1
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
4
Summary of CurrentReport Information
National Average Retail Fuel PricesConventional and Alternative Fuels October 2015
Fuel Type4 July 2015 October 2015
Change in PriceJuly-October
Units of Measurement
Gasoline (E10)
$282 $235 -$047 per gallon
Diesel $293 $259 -$034 per gallon
CNG $212 $209 -$003 per GGE
Ethanol (E85) $236 $218 -$018 per gallon
Propane $290 $290 $000 per gallon
Biodiesel (B20) $293 $266 -$027 per gallon
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$355 $340 -$015 per gallon
TABLE 2
Liquid fuels have differing energy contents per gallon so the price paid per unit of energy content can differ somewhat from the price paid per gallon Table 3 shows fuel prices from Table 2 normalized to an energy-equivalent basis
Note that for the alternative fuels prices on an energy-equivalent basis ie $GGE or $DGE are generally higher than the prices per gallon due to their lower energy content5
Propane prices include information from both ldquoprimaryrdquo and ldquosecondaryrdquo stations Primary stations have dedicated vehicle services and tend to be less expensive than secondary stations which mostly serve the propane tank and bottle market
Prices for Table 3 were calculated using the nominal lower heating values in BTUs per gallon of fuel from the Oak Ridge National Laboratoryrsquos Transportation Energy Data Book6
National Average Retail Fuel Prices On An Energy-Equivalent Basis October 2015
Fuel TypePer Gasoline
Gallon Equivalent ($GGE)
Per Diesel Gallon Equivalent
($DGE)
Per Million British Thermal Units ($MBtu)
Gasoline (E10)
$235 $265 $2056
Diesel $230 $259 $2012
CNG $209 $237 $1829
Ethanol (E85)
$284 $321 $3242
Propane $397 $446 $4754
Biodiesel (B20)
$239 $271 $1891
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$333 $374 $2844
Table 2 shows national average retail fuel prices for this report and the previous report Changes in average retail prices from one quarter to another may be due to a number of factors including an actual change in price different sample sizes the inclusion of different locations and seasonal variations in demand
Prices in this report were reported in the units in which they are typically sold for example dollars per gallon of gasoline or dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) of CNG
Consumer interest in alternative fuels generally increases when the alternative fuel price is less than the conventional fuel price on a per gallon basis even if that differential does not directly translate to savings on an energy-equivalent basis
TABLE 3
4 A very small sample (6 points) of hydrogen information was received with an average price of $1036GGE 5 For ethanol flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs) the actual difference in fuel used per mile is somewhat less than would be calculated simply on the difference in energy content of the fuels Some sources have noted that some FFVs can achieve better energy efficiency (miles per unit of energy) on E85 than on gasoline This effect is not currently included in these calculations as the magnitude of the effect varies by specific FFV model6 httpctaornlgovdata A listing of the conversion factors used appears as an appendix at the end of this report
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
5
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Gasoline and Diesel Prices Clean Cities and EIA Data
Table 4 below shows gasoline and diesel prices submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15
2015 compared to prices from the petroleum information section of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) website for the week of October 8 2015
The EIA data shows weekly average prices from a sample of approximately 800 retail gasoline and 400 retail diesel outlets across the country The EIA data points are weighted to reflect the quantity of fuel being sold at that price
Clean Cities prices for conventional fuels were obtained from retail stations providing alternative fuel price information or from nearby stations so data collection was not uniform across the regions of the country however the information is representative of refueling stations selling both alternative fuels and conventional fuels
The Clean Cities data is not weighted and represents simple averages of reported prices While there is some variation the EIA average prices match relatively closely with the average prices reported by Clean Cities coordinators
Average Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices by Region in $gal from Clean Cities and EIA Sources
GASOLINE PRICES DIESEL PRICES
Region Clean Cities EIA Difference Clean Cities EIA Difference
New England $241 $223 $018 $272 $258 $014
Central Atlantic $220 $222 -$002 $273 $263 $010
Lower Atlantic $215 $212 $003 $248 $243 $005
Midwest $236 $235 $001 $247 $249 -$002
Gulf Coast $197 $204 -$007 $227 $232 -$005
Rocky Mountain $235 $248 -$013 $246 $250 -$004
West Coast $276 $279 -$003 $280 $269 $011
NATIONAL AVERAGE $235 $232 $003 $259 $249 $010
EIA = Energy Information AdministrationEIA prices are from the petroleum information section of the EIA website week of October 8 2015 httpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPMR_PTE_DPGAL_WxlshttpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPD2D_PTE_DPGAL_WxlsNegative numbers represent average Clean Cities prices that are lower than EIA prices
TABLE 4
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
6
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Gasoline)
CNG prices in Table 5 were obtained from the ldquoprice at the pumprdquo given in $gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and averaged for each region
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($GGE)
Gasoline Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $244 $241 $003
Central Atlantic $199 $220 -$021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $203 $236 -$033
Gulf Coast $204 $197 $007
Rocky Mountain $189 $235 -$046
West Coast $237 $276 -$039
NATIONAL AVERAGE $209 $235 -$026
The prices shown in Table 5 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $026 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that
are lower than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis
States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data points in
the current report
FIGURE 2 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
GGE = gasoline gallon equivalentNegative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than gasoline on a $GGE basis
TABLE 5
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
4
Summary of CurrentReport Information
National Average Retail Fuel PricesConventional and Alternative Fuels October 2015
Fuel Type4 July 2015 October 2015
Change in PriceJuly-October
Units of Measurement
Gasoline (E10)
$282 $235 -$047 per gallon
Diesel $293 $259 -$034 per gallon
CNG $212 $209 -$003 per GGE
Ethanol (E85) $236 $218 -$018 per gallon
Propane $290 $290 $000 per gallon
Biodiesel (B20) $293 $266 -$027 per gallon
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$355 $340 -$015 per gallon
TABLE 2
Liquid fuels have differing energy contents per gallon so the price paid per unit of energy content can differ somewhat from the price paid per gallon Table 3 shows fuel prices from Table 2 normalized to an energy-equivalent basis
Note that for the alternative fuels prices on an energy-equivalent basis ie $GGE or $DGE are generally higher than the prices per gallon due to their lower energy content5
Propane prices include information from both ldquoprimaryrdquo and ldquosecondaryrdquo stations Primary stations have dedicated vehicle services and tend to be less expensive than secondary stations which mostly serve the propane tank and bottle market
Prices for Table 3 were calculated using the nominal lower heating values in BTUs per gallon of fuel from the Oak Ridge National Laboratoryrsquos Transportation Energy Data Book6
National Average Retail Fuel Prices On An Energy-Equivalent Basis October 2015
Fuel TypePer Gasoline
Gallon Equivalent ($GGE)
Per Diesel Gallon Equivalent
($DGE)
Per Million British Thermal Units ($MBtu)
Gasoline (E10)
$235 $265 $2056
Diesel $230 $259 $2012
CNG $209 $237 $1829
Ethanol (E85)
$284 $321 $3242
Propane $397 $446 $4754
Biodiesel (B20)
$239 $271 $1891
Biodiesel (B99B100)
$333 $374 $2844
Table 2 shows national average retail fuel prices for this report and the previous report Changes in average retail prices from one quarter to another may be due to a number of factors including an actual change in price different sample sizes the inclusion of different locations and seasonal variations in demand
Prices in this report were reported in the units in which they are typically sold for example dollars per gallon of gasoline or dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) of CNG
Consumer interest in alternative fuels generally increases when the alternative fuel price is less than the conventional fuel price on a per gallon basis even if that differential does not directly translate to savings on an energy-equivalent basis
TABLE 3
4 A very small sample (6 points) of hydrogen information was received with an average price of $1036GGE 5 For ethanol flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs) the actual difference in fuel used per mile is somewhat less than would be calculated simply on the difference in energy content of the fuels Some sources have noted that some FFVs can achieve better energy efficiency (miles per unit of energy) on E85 than on gasoline This effect is not currently included in these calculations as the magnitude of the effect varies by specific FFV model6 httpctaornlgovdata A listing of the conversion factors used appears as an appendix at the end of this report
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
Includes public and private stationsIncludes primary and secondary stations
5
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Gasoline and Diesel Prices Clean Cities and EIA Data
Table 4 below shows gasoline and diesel prices submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15
2015 compared to prices from the petroleum information section of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) website for the week of October 8 2015
The EIA data shows weekly average prices from a sample of approximately 800 retail gasoline and 400 retail diesel outlets across the country The EIA data points are weighted to reflect the quantity of fuel being sold at that price
Clean Cities prices for conventional fuels were obtained from retail stations providing alternative fuel price information or from nearby stations so data collection was not uniform across the regions of the country however the information is representative of refueling stations selling both alternative fuels and conventional fuels
The Clean Cities data is not weighted and represents simple averages of reported prices While there is some variation the EIA average prices match relatively closely with the average prices reported by Clean Cities coordinators
Average Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices by Region in $gal from Clean Cities and EIA Sources
GASOLINE PRICES DIESEL PRICES
Region Clean Cities EIA Difference Clean Cities EIA Difference
New England $241 $223 $018 $272 $258 $014
Central Atlantic $220 $222 -$002 $273 $263 $010
Lower Atlantic $215 $212 $003 $248 $243 $005
Midwest $236 $235 $001 $247 $249 -$002
Gulf Coast $197 $204 -$007 $227 $232 -$005
Rocky Mountain $235 $248 -$013 $246 $250 -$004
West Coast $276 $279 -$003 $280 $269 $011
NATIONAL AVERAGE $235 $232 $003 $259 $249 $010
EIA = Energy Information AdministrationEIA prices are from the petroleum information section of the EIA website week of October 8 2015 httpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPMR_PTE_DPGAL_WxlshttpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPD2D_PTE_DPGAL_WxlsNegative numbers represent average Clean Cities prices that are lower than EIA prices
TABLE 4
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
6
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Gasoline)
CNG prices in Table 5 were obtained from the ldquoprice at the pumprdquo given in $gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and averaged for each region
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($GGE)
Gasoline Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $244 $241 $003
Central Atlantic $199 $220 -$021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $203 $236 -$033
Gulf Coast $204 $197 $007
Rocky Mountain $189 $235 -$046
West Coast $237 $276 -$039
NATIONAL AVERAGE $209 $235 -$026
The prices shown in Table 5 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $026 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that
are lower than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis
States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data points in
the current report
FIGURE 2 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
GGE = gasoline gallon equivalentNegative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than gasoline on a $GGE basis
TABLE 5
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
5
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Gasoline and Diesel Prices Clean Cities and EIA Data
Table 4 below shows gasoline and diesel prices submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15
2015 compared to prices from the petroleum information section of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) website for the week of October 8 2015
The EIA data shows weekly average prices from a sample of approximately 800 retail gasoline and 400 retail diesel outlets across the country The EIA data points are weighted to reflect the quantity of fuel being sold at that price
Clean Cities prices for conventional fuels were obtained from retail stations providing alternative fuel price information or from nearby stations so data collection was not uniform across the regions of the country however the information is representative of refueling stations selling both alternative fuels and conventional fuels
The Clean Cities data is not weighted and represents simple averages of reported prices While there is some variation the EIA average prices match relatively closely with the average prices reported by Clean Cities coordinators
Average Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices by Region in $gal from Clean Cities and EIA Sources
GASOLINE PRICES DIESEL PRICES
Region Clean Cities EIA Difference Clean Cities EIA Difference
New England $241 $223 $018 $272 $258 $014
Central Atlantic $220 $222 -$002 $273 $263 $010
Lower Atlantic $215 $212 $003 $248 $243 $005
Midwest $236 $235 $001 $247 $249 -$002
Gulf Coast $197 $204 -$007 $227 $232 -$005
Rocky Mountain $235 $248 -$013 $246 $250 -$004
West Coast $276 $279 -$003 $280 $269 $011
NATIONAL AVERAGE $235 $232 $003 $259 $249 $010
EIA = Energy Information AdministrationEIA prices are from the petroleum information section of the EIA website week of October 8 2015 httpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPMR_PTE_DPGAL_WxlshttpwwweiagovdnavpetxlsPET_PRI_GND_A_EPD2D_PTE_DPGAL_WxlsNegative numbers represent average Clean Cities prices that are lower than EIA prices
TABLE 4
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
6
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Gasoline)
CNG prices in Table 5 were obtained from the ldquoprice at the pumprdquo given in $gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and averaged for each region
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($GGE)
Gasoline Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $244 $241 $003
Central Atlantic $199 $220 -$021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $203 $236 -$033
Gulf Coast $204 $197 $007
Rocky Mountain $189 $235 -$046
West Coast $237 $276 -$039
NATIONAL AVERAGE $209 $235 -$026
The prices shown in Table 5 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $026 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that
are lower than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis
States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data points in
the current report
FIGURE 2 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
GGE = gasoline gallon equivalentNegative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than gasoline on a $GGE basis
TABLE 5
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
6
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Gasoline)
CNG prices in Table 5 were obtained from the ldquoprice at the pumprdquo given in $gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and averaged for each region
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($GGE)
Gasoline Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $244 $241 $003
Central Atlantic $199 $220 -$021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $203 $236 -$033
Gulf Coast $204 $197 $007
Rocky Mountain $189 $235 -$046
West Coast $237 $276 -$039
NATIONAL AVERAGE $209 $235 -$026
The prices shown in Table 5 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $026 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that
are lower than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis
States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data points in
the current report
FIGURE 2 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
GGE = gasoline gallon equivalentNegative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than gasoline on a $GGE basis
TABLE 5
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
7
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gas
olin
e ga
llon
equi
vale
nt (
$G
GE)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 3 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
8
Compressed Natural Gas (Relative to Diesel)7
Table 6 shows the prices from Table 5 converted to $diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) for easy comparison with diesel prices
As with other fuels the energy content of natural gas can vary CNG dispensers are calibrated for local gas compositions and dispense an accurate GGE for the actual gas being sold
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region CNG Prices ($DGE)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $275 $272 $003
Central Atlantic $225 $273 -$048
Lower Atlantic $233 $248 -$015
Midwest $229 $247 -$018
Gulf Coast $230 $227 $003
Rocky Mountain $213 $246 -$033
West Coast $268 $280 -$012
NATIONAL AVERAGE $237 $259 -$022
The prices shown in Table 6 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period CNG cost about $022 less than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for CNG that are lower
than diesel on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any CNG data
points in the current report
FIGURE 4PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) RELATIVE TO DIESEL
CNG Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
DGE = diesel gallon equivalent Negative numbers represent average CNG prices that are lower than diesel on a $DGE basis
7 A total of 46 liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices were submitted with an average fuel price of $260DGE Because of the small number of price points this data is not reflected in the report
TABLE 6
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
9
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (DGE)Diesel
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
Pric
e pe
r die
sel g
allo
n eq
uiva
lent
($
DG
E)
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) cont
FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CNG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
10
Ethanol (E85)
Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol
E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as (70)(E100 energy content) + (30)(E0 energy content) to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today
ETHANOL (E85) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionE85 Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $278 $241 $037
Central Atlantic $241 $220 $021
Lower Atlantic $207 $215 -$008
Midwest $211 $236 -$025
Gulf Coast $192 $197 -$005
Rocky Mountain $220 $235 -$015
West Coast $262 $276 -$014
NATIONAL AVERAGE $218 $235 -$017
The prices shown in Table 7 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period E85 cost about $017 less than gasoline on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for E85 that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data
points in the current report
FIGURE 6 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR E85 RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
E85 Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average E85 prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 7
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
11
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
EthanolGasoline
Ethanol (E85) cont
FIGURE 7 HISTORICAL ETHANOL (E85) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
12
Propane (LPG)
Propane prices in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles and for other uses8
Note The Alternative Fuel Price Report is a snapshot in time of retail fuel prices Alternative fuel fleets can obtain significantly lower fuel prices than those reported in the AFPR by entering into contracts directly with local fuel suppliers Contract prices will vary depending on fleet size and amount of fuel to be purchased distance from the supplier region of the country and other factors
PROPANE (LPG) AND GASOLINE AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
RegionLPG Prices
($gal)Gasoline Prices
($gal)Price
Difference
New England $284 $241 $043
Central Atlantic $268 $220 $048
Lower Atlantic $296 $215 $081
Midwest $270 $236 $034
Gulf Coast $299 $197 $102
Rocky Mountain $291 $235 $056
West Coast $296 $276 $020
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $235 $055
The prices shown in Table 8 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period propane cost about $055 more than gasoline on a per (liquid) gallon basis
8 Because many propane retailers provide fuel for non-vehicle uses (camping stoves gas grills etc) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has worked with suppliers to clarify the differences On the AFDC Station Locator website (httpwwwafdcenergygovlocatorstations) each public propane station is designated as a ldquoprimaryrdquo or ldquosecondaryrdquo service type Both types are able to fuel vehicles however stations designated as ldquoprimaryrdquo have indicated they have facilities and billing procedures specifically designed for vehicle customers They may also offer special vehicle pricing and most accept major credit cards similar to traditional gasolinediesel retailers Propane pricing reported in this guide reflects a sampling of both primary and secondary stations
In this map negative numbers represent prices for propane that are
lower than gasoline on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with a
color did not have any propane data points in the current report
FIGURE 8 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR PROPANE (LPG) RELATIVE TO GASOLINE
LPG Price DifferenceRelative to Gasoline
Negative numbers represent average propane prices that are lower than gasoline on a $gal basis
TABLE 8
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
13
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
PropaneGasoline
Propane (LPG) cont
FIGURE 9 HISTORICAL PROPANE (LPG) PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
LPG
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
14
Biodiesel Blends B20
B20 is a blend of 20 biodiesel and 80 conventional diesel B20 contains only about 2 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B20 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B20) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B20 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $270 $272 -$002
Central Atlantic $260 $273 -$013
Lower Atlantic $256 $248 $008
Midwest $253 $247 $006
Gulf Coast $251 $227 $024
Rocky Mountain $255 $246 $009
West Coast $296 $280 $016
NATIONAL AVERAGE $266 $259 $007
The prices shown in Table 9 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On a national average basis during this reporting period B20 cost about $007 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B20 that are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report
FIGURE 10 PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B20 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B20 Price DifferenceRelative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B20 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
Note that B20 prices in many regions track very closely with diesel prices
TABLE 9
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
15
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
B20Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B20 cont
FIGURE 11 HISTORICAL B20 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
16
Biodiesel Blends B99B100
B100 contains about 10 less energy (BTUs) per volume than 100 diesel
The appendix at the end of this report provides conversion factors for calculating B100 prices on a GGE and DGE basis
BIODIESEL (B99B100) AND DIESEL AVERAGE RETAIL PRICES BY REGION
Region B99B100 Prices ($gal)
Diesel Prices ($gal)
PriceDifference
New England $262 $272 -$010
Central Atlantic $582 $273 $309
Lower Atlantic $333 $248 $085
Midwest $246 $247 -$001
Gulf Coast $249 $227 $022
Rocky Mountain $259 $246 $013
West Coast $353 $280 $073
NATIONAL AVERAGE $340 $259 $081
The prices shown in Table 10 were submitted by Clean Cities coordinators fuel providers and other stakeholders on a voluntary basis between October 1 and October 15 2015
On average during this reporting period B99B100 cost about $081 more than diesel on a per gallon basis
In this map negative numbers represent prices for B99B100 that
are lower than diesel on a per gallon basis States not highlighted with
a color did not have any B99B100 data points in the current report
FIGURE 12PRICE DIFFERENTIALS BY STATE FOR B99B100 RELATIVE TO DIESEL
B99B100 Price Difference
Relative to Diesel
Negative numbers represent average B99B100 prices that are lower than diesel on a $GAL basis
TABLE 10
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
17
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
B99B100Diesel
Biodiesel Blends B99B100 cont
FIGURE 13 HISTORICAL B99B100 PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
18
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last ReportThe following tables summarize the average retail prices submitted for this report by region and compare them to prices submitted for the July 2015 Alternative Fuel Price Report It should be noted that a portion of the price changes may be attributed to differing sample sizes and locations between the two reports
GASOLINE ($ per gallon)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $287 $241 -$046 -1603
Central Atlantic $270 $220 -$050 -1852
Lower Atlantic $263 $215 -$048 -1825
Midwest $270 $236 -$034 -1259
Gulf Coast $255 $197 -$058 -2275
Rocky Mountain $267 $235 -$032 -1199
West Coast $327 $276 -$051 -1560
NATIONAL AVERAGE $282 $235 -$047 -1667
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $315 $272 -$043 -1365
Central Atlantic $299 $273 -$026 -870
Lower Atlantic $282 $248 -$034 -1206
Midwest $273 $247 -$026 -952
Gulf Coast $269 $227 -$042 -1561
Rocky Mountain $276 $246 -$030 -1087
West Coast $315 $280 -$035 -1111
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $259 -$034 -1160
DIESEL ($ per gallon)
CNG ($ per GGE)
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $244 $244 $000 000
Central Atlantic $213 $199 -$014 -657
Lower Atlantic $205 $207 $002 098
Midwest $207 $203 -$004 -193
Gulf Coast $200 $204 $004 200
Rocky Mountain $186 $189 $003 161
West Coast $236 $237 $001 042
NATIONAL AVERAGE $212 $209 -$003 -142
CNG
TABLE 11 a
TABLE 11 b
TABLE 11 c
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
19
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Comparison Of Prices This Report Versus Last Report cont
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $274 $278 $004 146
Central Atlantic $260 $241 -$019 -731
Lower Atlantic $235 $207 -$028 -1191
Midwest $218 $211 -$007 -321
Gulf Coast $213 $192 -$021 -986
Rocky Mountain $223 $220 -$003 -135
West Coast $281 $262 -$019 -676
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218 -$018 -763
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $301 $284 -$017 -565
Central Atlantic $287 $268 -$019 -662
Lower Atlantic $292 $296 $004 137
Midwest $264 $270 $006 227
Gulf Coast $278 $299 $021 755
Rocky Mountain $302 $291 -$011 -364
West Coast $300 $296 -$004 -133
NATIONAL AVERAGE $290 $290 $000 000
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $302 $270 -$032 -1060
Central Atlantic $280 $260 -$020 -714
Lower Atlantic $278 $256 -$022 -791
Midwest $275 $253 -$022 -800
Gulf Coast $273 $251 -$022 -806
Rocky Mountain $298 $255 -$043 -1443
West Coast $318 $296 -$022 -692
NATIONAL AVERAGE $293 $266 -$027 -922
Region Price for July 2015 Price for October 2015 Difference in $ Difference in
New England $288 $262 -$026 -903
Central Atlantic $482 $582 $100 2075
Lower Atlantic $366 $333 -$033 -902
Midwest $269 $246 -$023 -855
Gulf Coast $263 $249 -$014 -532
Rocky Mountain $290 $259 -$031 -1069
West Coast $366 $353 -$013 -355
NATIONAL AVERAGE $355 $340 -$015 -423
ETHANOL (E85)
($ per gallon)
PROPANE ($ per gallon)
BIODIESELB20
($ per gallon)
LPG
BIODIESELB99B100
($ per gallon)
TABLE 11 d
TABLE 11 e
TABLE 11 f
TABLE 11 g
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
20
Price Comparison By Region For Public amp Private Refueling StationsThe tables below summarize average retail fuel prices contained in this report sorted by type of refueling station ie ldquoprivaterdquo or ldquopublicrdquo The stations classified as ldquopublicrdquo are open to the general public The majority of the stations classified as ldquoprivaterdquo are operated by state or local government agencies transit agencies utility districts colleges or universities or military facilities They serve the host agencyrsquos fleets and may have contractual or other arrangements in place to sell fuel to other government agencies andor selected other fleets In some cases contracts may include billing accounting or fleet service management fees that are rolled into the price of the fuel
For this report there were 3038 prices submitted from ldquopublicrdquo refueling stations and 366 prices submitted from ldquoprivaterdquo refueling stations for a total of 3404 prices
As with the other prices in this report these prices include state and federal taxes as described in the Methodology section of this document
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $231 $241
Central Atlantic $210 $223
Lower Atlantic $209 $215
Midwest $249 $235
Gulf Coast --- $197
Rocky Mountain $210 $235
West Coast $286 $275
NATIONAL AVERAGE $243 $234
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $191 $250
Central Atlantic $176 $211
Lower Atlantic $077 $214
Midwest $194 $205
Gulf Coast $182 $207
Rocky Mountain $171 $200
West Coast $192 $244
NATIONAL AVERAGE $178 $218
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $277 $271
Central Atlantic $259 $278
Lower Atlantic $210 $248
Midwest $209 $248
Gulf Coast --- $227
Rocky Mountain $214 $247
West Coast $268 $281
NATIONAL AVERAGE $258 $259
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $278
Central Atlantic $233 $242
Lower Atlantic $261 $207
Midwest $235 $209
Gulf Coast $288 $191
Rocky Mountain $201 $220
West Coast $249 $262
NATIONAL AVERAGE $236 $218
TABLE 12 a - GasolineAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 b - DieselAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 c - CNGAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($GGE)
TABLE 12 d - E85Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
21
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $249 $285
Central Atlantic $145 $305
Lower Atlantic $194 $297
Midwest $160 $276
Gulf Coast $131 $310
Rocky Mountain $189 $294
West Coast $314 $294
NATIONAL AVERAGE $200 $296
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England $247 $283
Central Atlantic $249 $289
Lower Atlantic $228 $261
Midwest $248 $253
Gulf Coast $285 $245
Rocky Mountain --- $255
West Coast $274 $307
NATIONAL AVERAGE $254 $271
Comparison Of Prices By Region For Public amp Private Refueling Stations cont
Region PRIVATE PUBLIC
New England --- $262
Central Atlantic --- $582
Lower Atlantic $395 $296
Midwest $219 $273
Gulf Coast $299 $224
Rocky Mountain --- $259
West Coast $421 $345
NATIONAL AVERAGE $371 $334
TABLE 12 e - PropaneAverage Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 f - B20Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
TABLE 12 g - B99B100Average Retail Price by Refueling Station Type ($gal)
--- indicates no data points were submitted for this region
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
22
Historical Alternative Fuel Prices From Previous ReportsThe following graphs illustrate historical prices for the alternative fuels included in the Alternative Fuel Price Report from 2007 to the present relative to gasoline and diesel Compressed natural gas (in GGE) propane and ethanol (E85) have been graphed against gasoline prices while compressed natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel blends (B20 and B99B100) have been graphed against diesel prices
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Gasoline Ethanol (E85) Propane
$150
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
2010 2012 20142009 2011 2013 20152007 2008J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O J A J O OJ A J
Natural Gas (GGE)Diesel Biodiesel (B20) Biodiesel (B2B5)
$175
$200
$225
$250
$275
$300
$325
$350
$375
$400
$425
$450
$475
$500
Pric
e pe
r gal
lon
B99B100
FIGURE 14 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS GASOLINE
FIGURE 15 ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES VERSUS DIESEL
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
23
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
Illustration of Conversion Factors for Fuels
9 httpctaornlgovdata10 According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Alternative Fuels Data Center the energy content of common gasoline baseline references (E0 E10 and indolene) varies between 112114 and 116090 Btugal We chose 114300 Btugal for the E10 energy content consistent with the Transportation Energy Data Book (TEDB) energy content of CNG in GGEs See next footnote11 (566 lbs of CNGGGE) x (20200 BTUlb) = 114332 rounded to 11430012 Most gasoline available throughout the United States today is a blend of 90 gasoline and up to 10 ethanol or E10 Additionally the E85 that is sold in the United States today actually contains on average approximately 70 ethanol E85 energy content for this report is therefore calculated as [(70) x (E100 energy content)] + [(30) x (E0 energy content)] to more closely reflect the actual energy content of E85 fuel available today13 See footnote 12 above
Fuel Lower Heating Value
Gasoline (E0) 115400 BTUgal
Gasoline (E10)10 114300 BTUgal
Diesel 128700 BTUgal
Biodiesel (B100) 117100 BTUgal
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)11 114300 BTUGGE
Ethanol (E100) 75700 BTUgal
Propane 83500 BTUgal
TABLE 13 Lower Heating Values
Conversion to GGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $GGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of gasoline (E10) BTUgal of alternative fuel
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $GGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 14
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 090
Biodiesel (B100) 098
CNG 100
Ethanol (E85)12 130
Propane 137
TABLE 14 Conversion Factors $gal to $GGE
Fuel Conversion Factor
Biodiesel (B20) 102
Biodiesel (B100) 110
CNG 113
Ethanol (E85) 13 147
Propane 154
TABLE 15 Conversion Factors $gal to $DGE
Conversion factors used to establish prices in dollars per gasoline gallon equivalent ($GGE) and dollars per diesel gallon equivalent ($DGE) were developed using the lower heating values from the Transportation Energy Data Book Edition 339 and are listed to the left
In the case of CNG prices are provided to us in GGE so no conversion is necessary The representative heating value of CNG is provided in Table 13 as a reference
Conversion to DGE
The conversion factor used to convert the price of an alternative fuel from $gallon to $DGE is determined as follows
Conversion factor = BTUgal of diesel BTUgal of alternative fuel
For example the conversion factor used to convert a B100 price from $gal to $DGE is determined as follows
128700 BTUgal of diesel = 1099 rounded to 110 117100 BTUgal of B100
To calculate the price of an alternative fuel in $DGE multiply the price per gallon of the alternative fuel by the relevant conversion factor from Table 15
For example if the price of B100 is given as $300gal the $DGE is determined as follows ($300gal) x 110 = $330DGE
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT OCTOBER 2015
24
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report
Would You Like To ParticipateIf you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report or if you have any questions please contact
US DOE Clean CitiesEE-3V1000 Independence Avenue SWWashington DC 20585Phone (202) 586-6459afprnwttechcom
DISCLAIMERThis document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the US Government Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees makes any warranty express or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product or process disclosed or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights Reference herein to any specific commercial product process or ser-vice by trade name trademark manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement recommendation or favoring by the US Govern-ment or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof
For more information on this and other Clean Cities publications visit wwwcleancitiesenergygov or contact the Clean Cities Technical Response Service at 800-254-6735
