Remedies To Clean India

Waste means unwanted materials. Waste has been a major environmental

problem. We can find waste anywhere in our surroundings since the industrial revolution. Because of the waste many health problems are arising.

Introduction

Cleanliness is both the abstract state of being clean and free from dirt, and the process of achieving and maintaining that state.

Without cleanliness hygiene cannot be achieved. Hygiene is a set of practices performed for the

preservation of health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases.

What is Cleanliness?

Waste creates many diseases and causes death of many people all across the globe.

The rapid growth of world population is responsible for increase in all forms of waste.

Therefore maintaining the cleanliness is inevitable.

Importance of Cleanliness

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

PlasticWaste

We obtain coal from underground seams. Oil and gas are also found underground, but

as fluids in layers of porous rock. Fuels are used in our day to day life like in

the vehicles, in gas cylinders, etc.

Making fuels

Collect waste 500 gms. of polythene bags and cut them in small pieces.

Melt the plastics. Add additive to remove impurities. Heat the melted plastic at definite

temperature to collect naphta, kerosene, diesel, etc.

Method

Take two trays. Add soil Spread a special type of plastic sheet on

second tray. Sow the seeds of wheat and fenugreek.

Method

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2

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4

5

6

Wheat

1st tray2nd tray

Days from germination

Height in cm

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015

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1

2

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Fenugreek

1st tray2nd tray

Days from germination

Height in cm

GRAPH

Rate of evaporation in second tray is reduced therefore the germination was better.

The use water is also proper therefore the growth is also better

Conclusion

The plants does not get adequate oxygen for respiration.

Limitation

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

Glass Waste

Recycling Recycling is a process to change (waste) materials into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials and to reduce energy usage.

Make glass banks. Make various departments for various

colours of glass. Recycle the glasses.

Method

Consumption of energy is reduced. New things are formed.

Conclusion

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

PaperWaste

We should collect all types of papers. We should segregate paper into

departments such as inked paper and blank paper

also 1 sided used and both sided used. Recycle the paper. Reduce consumption of paper.

Method

Cutting down of trees will be stopped. Prey predator chain will be balanced.

Conclusion

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

Agricultural waste is waste produced as a result of various agricultural operations.

It includes manure and other wastes 1. Farms.2. Poultry houses. 3. Pesticides that enter into water, air or

soils.4. Harvest waste.5. Fertilizer run- off from fields.

Agricultural Waste

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

Biodegradable waste is a type of waste which can be broken down, in a matter of weeks or few months, into its base compounds by micro-organisms and other living things, regardless of what those compounds may be.

Biodegradable waste can be used for composting or a resource for heat, electricity and fuel by means of inclinator or anaerobic digestion.

Biodegradable Waste

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

Chemical waste is a waste that is made from harmful chemicals.

Chemical Waste

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

 E-Waste is the term used to describe old, end-of-life or discarded appliances using electricity.

It includes computers, consumer electronics, fridges etc which have been disposed of by their original users.

E- Waste

E- Waste E-Waste contains Lead and Cadmium which

can harm people. Radioactive elements can cause severe

defects in plants and animals.

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

Toxic waste is waste that poses substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment.

Toxic Waste

Types Of Waste

Plastic

Chemical

Glass

E-waste

Agricultural

Toxic

Bio- Degradable

Paper

Domestic

Domestic waste means any waste, consisting of combustible materials, such as paper, cardboard, yard clippings, wood, or similar materials, generated in a dwelling, including the real property upon which it is situated, containing four living units or less.

Domestic Waste

Present Situation Day by day the garbage is increasing in various forms. In order to check the spreading of garbage the government has taken some bold steps. But due to lack of planning at domestic level the problem of garbage is becoming severe.

Making jeans from plastic. Making slippers from tyres. Making oil paint from thermocol. Making solar panels from silicon segregated

from E-Waste. Taking out genes from pigs instead of

cutting their ears and nose. Making mats from waste plastic. Reuse, Recycle, Reduce.

Prevailing Remedies

Slippers from tyres.

Making nylon threads from waste plastic. Making decorative articles from waste. Terrace Garden. Burning of waste. Vermicomposting. Bio Gas.

Prevailing Remedies

Making decorative articles from waste:-

Prevailing Remedies

Lamp made from disposal glasses.Plant grown in plastic bottle.

Waste plastic transformed into tooth brush holder.

Composting:-

Composting is a method in which organic matter is decomposed and used as fertilizers.

At the simplest level, the process of composting simply requires making a heap of wetted organic matter and waiting for the materials to break down into humus after a period of weeks or months.

Prevailing Remedies

Compost pit

Bio Toilets Indian Railways(IR), along with Defence Research & Development Organization

(DRDO) have developed environment friendly Bio-toilets for its passenger coaches.

In these bio-toilets, the human waste is treated by bacteria which is benign to the humans.

This bacteria converts human waste into water and gases (methane and CO2).

The gases escape to atmosphere and treated waste water is discharged after chlorination. Human waste thus does not fall on the tracks.

They are time consuming in the case of domestic level.

The products created by the waste are not durable.

The products created from waste again creates the waste after their use.

The gases emitted while burning are harmful for biotic factors.

Limitations

Vacuum cleaners are attached at the back of the cars.

Similarly with toy cars to clean homes.

Remedy

Specialized cars can also be made run on roads to clean roads.

Garbage collected can be dumped in the dumping yard.

Remedy (cont.)

To purify gutter water:- The solid waste from the water of gutter is first

removed. Then the liquid waste is collected in a

container. From the container it is move to a tank above

the ground. In which it is converted into steam with the

help of sunlight. By condensing the steam we can get pure

water.

Remedy

Flappers mechanism:- The plastic will be taken away with the help

of these rotating flappers. The flappers are overlapped which makes it

more efficient. The flappers get the energy from the windmill installed above.Garbage is collected in the tank adjoining to it.

Remedy (cont.)

The liquid waste is stored in a tank. It is further goes into a container installed

above the ground with the help of a motor. The water which is overflowed is pass out

through over flow outlet.

Remedy (cont.)

Container:- The cuboidal container is made of glass which

absorbs heat. The container is painted with black colour which is

non reflective. The maximum surface area is concentrated towards

the mirror, hence the heat absorbed is more. The container is surrounded vertically by concave

mirror. The mirror focuses the rays of sun towards the

container. Due to this the water in the container gets converted

into steam.

Remedy (cont.)

Container:-

Remedies (cont.)

Condenser:- The condenser converts the steam into water. The potable water is collected into the tank.

Remedy (cont.)

“Environment and pollution” Writer – A.H.Hashmi “Gram Geeta” Writer – Tukdoji Maharaj “Twinkle star” Publisher – Aasawari Shirolkar “Junior Science refresher” Chief Editor- Pritam Singh “Personality Development” M.S.E.C.R.T. Maharashtra State Board of Secondary Education “Climate Change and Energy Policy: Proceedings

of the International ...” Writer- Louis Rosen

References

Thank You!