Clear your desks and get ready for the final part of your unit test.

Go to bell-science.com Scroll over “Earth/Environmental Science” Scroll over “Semester 1” Click “Unit 1 Our Universe” Scroll to the bottom of the page and open

“Unit 1 Pre-test analysis”, complete the form using your pre-test

Then open “CosmologyTest Analysis”, complete the form using your Cosmology Test

Data Entry

You will be given 15 minutes to use your notes and correct any incorrect answers. For each correction you must also explain why that answer is correct (explain the science in your own words)

You have until next Wednesday (9/24) You may come in during

Homeroom Friday Before school any day After school Thurs, Fri, Mon, Tues

Test Corrections

Our Sun

http://www.fromquarkstoquasars.com/galaxy-classifications-from-dwarfs-to-spirals-and-beyond/

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Earth%27s_Location_in_the_Universe_SMALLER_%28JPEG%29.jpg

Where are we?

http://nineplanets.org/

How did it form? Basic facts

99.8% of mass 100x diameter of

Earth 5,527oC 92.1% H, 7.8% He Plasma Sun today

Main source of Earth’s energy

Our Sun

http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/524990main_FAQ10_full.jpg

Definitions Thermal energy Temperature Heat

Types of heat Occur in different parts of the Sun

Core Dense, hottest Hydrogen fusion Conduction

How do we get the Sun’s energy?

Radiation Energy transfer

(heat) Light waves Also how energy

gets to Earth Energy moves

slowly Thick layer

Radiation Zone

Convection Zone

Uses convection In liquids and gases Material heated

(conduction) Rises….why? Sinks….why? Repeat

Moves more quickly in this layer

1. Video Write down your observations Why did that happen?

Daily Review #1

Photosphere Visible surface

Chromosphere Red High speed gas

Corona Hot Outermost layer Seen during an eclipse

Outer Solar Structure

Sunspots Dark Cold

Solar flares High energy Explosive

Prominence Loops/arches

Surface Feature Basics

http://www.space.com/11506-space-weather-sunspots-solar-flares-coronal-mass-ejections.html

http://spacefellowship.com/news/art21967/the-strange-case-of-solar-flares-and-radioactive-elements.html

http://oneminuteastronomer.com/1018/sunspots/

What is a magnetic field? What causes a magnetic

field? On the Sun?

Effect of rotation Different rotation rates Magnetic field lines get

wound up Eventually snap

Causes a solar flare Solar prominences

Follow magnetic field lines into space

Sun’s Magnetic Field

http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-205_162-57597396/

Cooler than nearby areas

Appear in pairs

Intense magnetic field Lines go out

and in

Sunspots

Hot, high speed, plasma streams Corona expanding

Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) Massive eruption Rearrangement of magnetic field

lines One hit on 10/15/13

Effects on Earth Disrupt magnetic field shape Danger to astronauts Damage electronics Aurora

Solar Wind

http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/browse/2013/10/14/index.shtml

Predictable cycle 11-years Minimums

Last = 2008 Low # of prominences, flares and sunspots Cooler climate on Earth

Next maximum = 2013

Sunspot Cycle

Borealis or Australis Interaction of

particles and magnetic field Particles drawn to

poles Colors

Elements Altitude

Constantly changing

Video

Aurora

http://www.public.iastate.edu/~sdk/fick2003/october.html

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/pictures/110930-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bright-colors/#/space163-aurora-borealis-from-space_41077_600x450.jpg