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U.S. ARMY RESEARCH INSTITUTEFORT BENNING FIELD UNIT
COMBAT LEADERS'
GUIDE (CLG)
2003
LEADER HANDBOOK
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INTRODUCTIONThe Combat Leaders' Guide is both anextract of doctrinal publications and acompilation of tactics, techniques andprocedures (TTPs). It is principally
designed as a pocket reference andmemory-jogger.
Some TTPs you have learned in trainingdo not appear here. The material in this
job aid comes from the doctrinalliterature program.
Laminate pages to be written on; remove,reorganize or tab pages based on your
mission; insert other job aids, TTPs orstanding operating procedures (SOPs)as needed.
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4
PLANTroop leading procedure 2-1Warning order (WARNO) 2-2Factors of METT-TC 2-3Estimate of the situation 2-8
Operation order (OPORD) 2-15Fragmentary order (FRAGO) 2-19Time schedule 2-20Light and weather data 2-21
Leading in combat 1-1Basic rules of combat 1-2
Actions before march 3-1Duties of quartering party 3-2March orders 3-3Actions during march 3-4
Actions at halts 3-5Actions at assembly area 3-6
MOVE
BASIC COMBAT RULES PAGETABLE OF CONTENTS
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5
DEFEND
Preparation for attack 4-1Consolidation 4-3Reorganization 4-4
Defensive priority of work 5-1Defense planning outline 5-3
Coordination checklist 5-5Establish observation post 5-7Fighting position guidelines 5-8Building fighting position 5-9Range card preparation 5-11
Range card (blank) 5-13Range card (sample) 5-14
5-155-175-18
Sector sketch preparationSector sketch (sample)Occupation of a battle position
ATTACKTABLE OF CONTENTS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Disengagement planning 7-1Disengagement actions 7-2Passage of lines coordination 7-3Withdrawal under enemy pressure 7-4Withdrawal not under enemy 7-7
pressureRelief in place 7-11
DELAYFundamentals of delay 6-1
WITHDRAW
Fire distribution and control 5-20
Camouflage 5-21Physical security 5-22
Fighting from a battle position 5-19
Defending during limited visibility
DEFEND PAGE
5-24
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PATROL/RECON
Patrol planning steps 8-1Patrol coordination 8-2
Complete the plan 8-4Departure from friendly lines 8-6Rally points 8-7Patrol report (debriefed) 8-8Selection of a patrol base 8-9
Occupation of a patrol base 8-10Patrol base activities 8-11Principles of a raid 8-12Conduct a raid 8-13Principles of an ambush 8-15
Organize an ambush 8-17Conduct an ambush 8-19Plan a recon mission 8-21Recon zone 8-23Recon area 8-25
PAGE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS NBC
NBC-1 report 9-1NBC-4 report 9-2NBC-prior to attack 9-3NBC-during attack 9-4NBC-after attack 9-6Unmasking with chemical agent 9-8detector kit
Unmask without chemical agent 9-9detector kit
MOPP levels 9-10Detailed troop decontamination 9-11MOPP gear exchange 9-12Mark contaminated area: radio- 9-13logical/biological/chemical
Prepare for NBC attack/protect 9-15against electromagnetic pulse
Supervise radiation monitoring 9-16Using a dosimeter 9-17Collect/report total radiation dose 9-18
PAGE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Principles of fire support 10-1planning/coordination
Call for fire 10-2
Call for fire card 10-4Target list worksheet 10-5Mortar/artillery capabilities 10-6AFV Weapon capabilities 10-7Target acquisition/signature 10-8Attack helicopter capabilities 10-9
Artillery counterfire 10-10
Supplies and logistical services 11-1Precombat check (mech) 11-2Precombat check (light) 11-3
Classes of supply 11-4Integration matrix - Indiv. weapons 11-5Integration matrix - crew servedweapons 11-6
PAGE
COMMUNICATIONS
FIRE SUPPORT AND OBSERVATION
SUPPLIES/LOGISTICS
Electronic counter-counter 12-1
measuresRadio troubleshooting 12-2
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPAGE
MINES/DEMOLITIONS
Messenger briefing 12-3Phonetic alphabet 12-4
COMMUNICATIONS
Rules of engagement (ROE) 14-1Area assessment checklist 14-2
Checkpoint/roadblock PIR 14-4checklist
PEACEKEEPING
Install/remove hasty protective 13-1minefield
DA Form 1355-1-R sample 13-3DA Form 1355-1-R (blank) 13-4
Breaching and clearing minefields 13-5Nonelectric firing system 13-6Nonelectric/electric priming of 13-8demo block
Clear nonelectric/electric misfires 13-10
Electric firing system 13-11
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TABLE OF CONTENTS AIR ASSAULT OPERATIONS
Aircraft troop commander briefing 15-1Safety briefing checklist 15-2
Reverse planning sequence 15-3Ground tactical plan 15-4considerations
Landing plan considerations 15-5Landing zone selection criteria 15-6
Air assault PZ/LZ planning 15-7considerations
Extraction loading plan 15-8requirements
Leader duties in air assault 15-9
operationsChalk leader duties/platoon air 15-10assault
Set up a helicopter landing site 15-11Night marking of PZs/LZs 15-13
PAGE
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TABLE OF CONTENTSMEDICALEvaluate a casualty/first aid 16-1Shock - symptoms/first aid 16-2Heat exhaustion/heat cramps 16-3
Heat stroke/sun stroke 16-4Frostbite 16-5Hypothermia/cold weather injury 16-6Request army air MEDEVAC 16-7Continuous operations planning 16-8
Heat precautions 16-10
Engaging aircraft 18-1Weapons control status 18-1Air defense warning 18-2Local air defense warning 18-2
Engagement/lead distances 18-3Passive air defense 18-4
Vehicle recovery procedure checklist 17-1Vehicle recovery fundamentals 17-2
VEHICLE RECOVERY
AIR DEFENSE
PAGE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Built-up area fighting principles 19-1Attack and clear a building 19-2
Organize building defense 19-3
Principles of the Law of War 20-1Handling of enemy prisoners of 20-3
war (EPWs)
LEGAL ASPECTS OF WAR
MISCELLANEOUSSpot report/SALUTE 21-1Find unknown range (WORM) 21-2
Conversion table: US/metric 21-3Converting azimuths 21-4Reduce risk of fratricide 21-5Risk management 21-7Risk management steps 21-10
Risk management matrix 21-12
COMBAT IN CITIES PAGE
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3
Move to influence the action
Make sound, quick decisions
Forcefully execute decisions
Use reverse planning sequence
Notes:
Lead from as far forward asyou can
LEADING IN COMBAT
Lead from where you cancontrol all elements physically
or by radio
1
Lead from a position whereyour soldiers can see you/yourvehicle
2
4
5
6
7
8
Set the example
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BASIC RULES OF COMBAT
1Use cover and concealmentEstablish local security/recon
RULE
2
SECURE
MOVEEstablish moving element/move to position of advantageGain and maintain initiative
3 SHOOTEstablish base of fire/mutualsupportKill/suppress the enemy
4
5
COMMUNICATE
Inform all of what you expect
SUSTAIN
Keep fight going/care for troops
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3 Make tentative plan
5 Conduct reconnaissance
6 Complete plan
7 Issue orders
8 Supervise and refine
Notes:
2 Issue warning order (WARNO)
TROOP LEADING PROCEDURE
4 Initiate necessary movement
1 Receive mission
STEP ACTION
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1. Situation _____________________________________________________________2. Mission ______________________________________________________________
____________________________________3. General Instructions
a. Special teams/task organization _______________________________________________________________________
b. Common uniform/equipment ________________________________________c. Special weapons, ammo, equipment
____________________________________________________________________
d. Tentative time schedule ____________________________________________
4. Special Instructions ________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
WARNING ORDER (WARNO)
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MISSION
Specified tasks
Implied tasks
Mission essential tasks
Limitations/constraints
Restated mission
Commanders' intent 1 and2 levels up
1
FACTORS OF METT-TC
ITEM FACTORS
(FACTORS APPLY TO FR & EN)
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FACTORS OF METT-TCITEM FACTORS
ENEMY
Disposition/composition
Recent activities
Weaknesses
2
Strength
Possible Courses of action(COAs) including identifying
the most dangerous
Reinforcement abilities
Probable COAs includingidentifying the most likely
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FACTORS OF METT-TCITEM FACTORS
TERRAIN & WEATHER(OAKOC)
3
Observation and fields of fireAvenues of approach
Key terrain
Obstacles and movement
Cover and concealment
4 TROOPS & SUPPORTAVAILABLE
Quality, training level, andpsychological state offriendly troops
Availability of critical systemsand joint support
Availability of combat, CS,and CSS assets
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FACTORS OF METT-TCITEM FACTORS
TIME AVAILABLE5
Enemy/adversary capabilities
Time available for planning,
preparing, & executing mission(use 1/3-2/3 rule)
Tasks assigned to unit
NOTE: Planning times includepreparation of combat orders,inspections, rehearsals, and
movement to line of departure
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FACTORS OF METT-TCITEM FACTORS
CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS
Civilian populations, culture,
organizations, and leaderswithin area of operations (AO)
Civilian activities
Civilian political, economic,and information matters
Natural environment
Cultural sites
Civilian attitudes
6
Note:
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1. MISSION ANALYSIS
a. Mission and intent of commandertwo levels up
b. Mission and intent of immediatecommander
g. Tentative time schedule
f. Restated mission
c. Assigned tasks and purpose(specified and implied tasks)
d. Constraints and limitations
e. Mission essential tasks
ESTIMATE OF SITUATION
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ESTIMATE OF SITUATION2. ESTIMATE OF SITUATION AND
DETERMINE COURSES OFACTION
Disposition
Capabilities
Composition
Weaknesses
Recent Activities
a. Terrain and weather - effects onpersonnel and equipment
b. Enemy situation and most prob-able course of action
Most probable COA based ondoctrine/situation
Terrain - OAKOC
Weather - visibility, trafficability,mobility, survivability
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ESTIMATE OF SITUATION3. ANALYZE COURSES OFACTION
b. General factors
Commander's intent
Relative effectiveness
Characteristics of offense and
defense (as applicable)
Weapon utilization
Factors of METT-TC
a. Mission-specific factors
Mission essential tasks
Logistic support
c. Conduct wargame of most likely&most dangerous courses of action
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ESTIMATE OF SITUATION4. COMPARE COURSES OF
ACTION CONSIDERINGHOW WELL THE COA:
2 31
a. Supports scheme ofmaneuver
b. Helps command & control(C2)
c. Concentrates combatpower at the decisive point
d. Has forces providingmutual support
e. Responds to maneuver
elements and reserve
f. Exploits enemy weak-nesses
g. Reduces potential impactof adverse weather
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ESTIMATE OF SITUATION4. COMPARE COURSES OF
ACTION CONSIDERINGHOW WELL THE COA:
2 31
j. Maximizes observation and
ranges of weapon systems
i. Provides adequatemaneuver space
k. Provides cover and con-cealment
h. Uses best avenue ofapproach
l. Considers obstacles
m. Controls key terrain
n. Helps speed of execution
o. Does not require adjust-ment of unit positions
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ESTIMATE OF SITUATION4. COMPARE COURSES OF
ACTION CONSIDERINGHOW WELL THE COA:
2 31
p. Uses all headquartersq. Reduces, not expands,normal combat service sup-port (CSS)
5. DECISION
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a. Enemy forces:
b. Friendly forces:
Operation order (OPORD) - Directiveby commander to his subordinates tocoordinate execution of an operation.Stated in 5 paragraphs.
SITUATION. Provides overviewof general situation. Explains whatenemy is doing, what your higherand other friendly units are doing,
and what units are attached anddetached to and from your unit.Includes enemys most likely andmost dangerous courses of action.
c. Attachments and detachments:
OPERATION ORDER
1.
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OPERATION ORDER
a. Concept of operations. Provides"big picture" or master plan. It is"how" information needed to accom-plish the mission.
EXECUTION.
Intent: Commanders intent is a clear,concise statement of what the forcemust do to succeed with respect toenemy, terrain, and desired end state.
MISSION. Mission statement is statedin terms of WHO (the unit taking ac-tion e.g., 1st PLT), WHAT (action e.g.,conducts supporting attack), WHEN
(date/time), WHERE (activity locatione.g., on Hill 911), and WHY (purposeof mission e.g., to prevent the enemyfrom interfering with the main effort).
2.
3.
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OPERATION ORDER
c. Tasks to combat support units.Tasks to combat support units onlystates specific tasks that combatsupport units must accomplish and
that are not specified elsewhere.
b. Tasks to maneuver units. Pro-vides detailed mission statements foreach major subordinate maneuverunit and how each supports maineffort.
Concept of operation includes thescheme of maneuver and scheme ofsupporting fires. The scheme ofmaneuver states the commanders
vision of how maneuver plan willunfold, from start to finish. Thescheme of fires outlines how in-direct fire support will synchronizewith scheme of maneuver.
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OPERATION ORDER
COMMAND AND SIGNALa. Command. Covers leader and CPlocations and command succession.
COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT.
d. Coordinating instructions. Com-mon instructions that apply to morethan one unit. Includes mission-specific items: NBC troop safety in-
structions, ADA criteria, passage oflines coordination, and any otheritem not covered in the unit SOP.
b. Signal. Covers signal instruc-
tions such as methods of signal,etc.
4.
Addresses concept of logistics sup-
port . Includes unique resupplyefforts, not normally performed bySOP, and material and services.Also medical evacuation proceduresand personnel support.
5.
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FRAGMENTARY ORDERA FRAGO makes changes to an existingorder. State paragraphs with changes,Those w/no changes, state "NO CHANGE".
1. Situation
2. Mission
3. Execution
4. Service Support
5. Command/Signal
Reference
Task Organization
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TIME SCHEDULEWHEN WHAT WHERE WHO
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LIGHT AND WEATHER DATAITEM FIRST DAY NEXT DAY
BMNT/EENT
Sun Rise
Sun Set
Moon Rise
Moon Set
NVG Hours
Temp High/Lo
% Illumination
Winds
Precipitation
Effects of light and weather:
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ACTIONS BEFORE MARCHSTEP ACTION
1 Give warning order (WARNO)
2 Select quartering party NCO and
send to team command post3 Recon route from assembly area
(AA) to start point (SP)
4 Record time from AA to SP
5 Adjust departing time from AAto arrive at SP on time
6 Have crews perform precombat
checks
7 Have vehicle commanders reporttheir status
8 Give march order to vehiclecommanders
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DUTIES OF QUARTERING PARTYSTEP ACTION1 Inspect intended assembly area
for enemy NBC/mines
8 Brief platoon leader
7 Guide platoon into area
6 Select covered/concealed routeto release point (RP); meet PLT
5 Select general location ofvehicle positions; mark places
4 Clear or mark obstacles
3 Establish and maintain communi-cations
2 Secure PLT area until platoonarrives
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1. Destination (map) _______________________________________________________2. Route of march (map) ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________3. Location of start point (SP), criticalmidpoints, and release point (RP)
(map)___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________4. SP time __________________________5. March interval (meters) _____________6. March speed (mph/kph) _____________
7. Catch up speed (mph/kph) __________8. Time and location of scheduled halts__________________________________________________________________________9. Time unit leaves present position ____
_____________________________________10. Order of march ___________________
MARCH ORDERS
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ACTIONS DURING MARCHITEM ACTION
2 Maintain ground and air security
1 Arrive at SP on time at marchspeed with proper march interval
5 If under radio listening silence -use hand and arm, flag, or flash-light signals
4 Report SP, critical points, RP(unless under radio listeningsilence)
3 Observe vehicle sectors ofresponsibility
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ACTIONS AT HALTSITEM ACTION
2 Establish/maintain security
1 Pull to side of route - maintainorder
6 Take appropriate actions/repairvehicles if possible
5 Report status
4 Maintain observation/contactwith other vehicles
3 Move disabled vehicles off road -post guides to direct traffic
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ACTIONS AT ASSEMBLY AREAITEM ACTION
1 Follow guides into preselectedsecure positions
Notify higher of arrival based onplan/coordinate withother units
4 Conduct fire planning
7 Start maintenance/resupply/rearming
8 Prepare/rehearse reaction plan
6 Check/adjust positions;
camouflage positions
Clear release point withoutstopping or bunching vehicles
3 Emplace/maintain security/OPs
2
5
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PREPARATION FOR ATTACKTASK ACTION
2 Move to assembly area
1 Issue warning order
5 Check key equipment
4 Check weapons
6 Rehearse critical tasks
7 Recon routes to line of depar-ture (LD)/objective (OBJ)
8 Issue operation order
9 Resupply, rearm, refuel
3 Perform communications check
10 Coordinate w/higher, supporting,adjacent units
11 Rehearse
12 Conduct PMCS as required
13 Check/integrate attachments
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PREPARATION FOR ATTACKTASK ACTION14 Check NBC situation/confirm
MOPP status
Notes:
19 Move to LD
18 Rest troops
17 Feed troops
16 Inspect vehicles
15 Inspect troops
Several steps may occur concurrently.
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CONSOLIDATIONSTEP ACTION1 Eliminate all remaining enemy
resistance on objective
2 Occupy hasty positions/preparefor counterattack
3 Bring up base of fire element
4 Prepare for a counterattack
5 Position key weapon systems
6 Develop quick fire plan
7 Prepare range cards
8 Begin planning to continueattack (map recon, orders)
Notes:
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REORGANIZATION
1 Reestablish chain of command
STEP ACTION
Request resupply as needed
Treat, evacuate, process
3 Clear objective of casualties &enemy prisoners of war
Redistribute ammuniction,supplies, equipment as needed
Reman key weapons
2 Reestablish security/preparationfor counterattack
Report status: ACE (Ammu-nition/Casualties/Equipment)
Restore communications with
higher, adjacent, FSO
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STEP ACTIONREORGANIZATION
Notes:
4 Prepare for next mission
Relocate weapons & positions
Reoccupy & repair positionsRepair obstacles & minesRepair & maintain equipment
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DEFENSIVE PRIORITY OF WORKSTEP TASK
1 Establish local security
9 Site final protective line (FPL),final protective fires (FPF), and
priority targets
8 Prepare squad and platoonsector sketches
7 Prepare range cards
6 Clear fields of fire
3 Position squads/assign sectors
5 Coordinate with adjacent unitsfor interlocking sectors
2 Position key weapons & vehicles
4 Make communications checks
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STEP TASKDEFENSIVE PRIORITY OF WORK
10 Prep fighting positions
11 Emplace mines and obstacles
12 Establish fire control measures
13 Assign alternate and supplemen-tary battle positions
14 Take NBC protective measures
15 Improve primary positions
16 Prep alternate then supplemen-tary positions
21 Continue to improve positions
20 Stockpile ammunition/food/water
19 Rehearse actions on contact
18 Recon supply/evacuation routes
17 Establish sleep/rest plan
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DEFENSE PLANNING OUTLINE1. Commander's intent ________________________________________________________________________________________2. Platoon/squad mission _____________
________________________________________________________________________3. Position in company defense ________________________________________________________________________________
4. Sectors of fire/EAs/TRPs________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. Fire support available ______________
________________________________________________________________________6. Evacuate/destroy procedures fordamaged vehicles ________________________________________________________
____________________________________
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DEFENSE PLANNING OUTLINE7. Evacuation procedures for friendlycasualties_______________________________________________________________8. Place to take EPW _________________
________________________________________________________________________9. Special signals to use ______________________________________________________________________________________
10. On-order mission for platoon/squad________________________________________________________________________11. Position and mission of units onflanks ______________________________
________________________________________________________________________12. Position and mission of units in therear ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
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COORDINATION CHECKLISTSTEP
Sectors of fire of machine guns,anti-armor weapons & subunits
3
Location of leaders
Location of primary, alternate,and supplementary positions
ITEM
Location and types of obstacles
and how to cover them
7
6
5
Route to alternate and supple-
mentary positions
4
Location of OPs and withdrawalroutes back to the platoon orsquad position
Location of dead space betweenplatoons and squads and how tocover it
1
2
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COORDINATION CHECKLISTSTEP ITEM
Patrols - size, type, times ofdeparture/return and routes
Fire support planned
Engagement and disengagementcriteria
Location of coordination points
8
9
Location, activities and passageplan for scouts and other unitsforward of platoon position
Signals for fire/cease fire andany emergency signals
10
11
12
13
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ITEM ACTION
Select site with cover & conceal-ment and overlapping sectors
Designate OPs & security forceEstablish reporting proceduresEstablish withdrawal plan withprocedures and routes
Change observers every 20-30minutes as situation permits
Conduct surveillance - nameobserver, recorder and security
Search, identify and report per-sonnel, vehicles, etc.Use overlapping sectors of ob-servation
Prepare to call for/adjust indirect
fire; use binoculars/NODs; navi-gation tools and communicationsequipment
3
4
5
2
1
ESTABLISH OBSERVATION POST
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FIGHTING POSITION GUIDELINESITEM DESCRIPTION
Prep by stages with inspectionImprovement is progressive
Site to engage the enemySelect best position, cover dead
space, use maximum effectiverange & provide interlocking firesPriority to effective weaponsystem use; METT-TC dependent
Protection - adequate to coverenemy weaponsPosition - provide cover & con-
cealment - ensure can't be seenFill sandbags 3/4 fullRevet excavations in sandy soilCheck stabilization of wall basesInspect daily, especially afterrain and after direct/indirect firesMaintain, repair, improveUse proper material, correctly
3
2
1
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BUILD FIGHTING POSITIONSTAGE ACTION
1
2 Emplace walls:1 helmet distancefrom hole to start of cover
Front wall 2-3 sandbags high by2 M16s long for 2-man positionFlank wall same height, 1 M16long; rear wall 1 sandbag highby 1 M16 long
Stakes required to hold logsLeader inspects position
Establish position:Leader check fields of fire, soldieremplace sector stakes
Position log or sandbag betweenstakesScoop out elbow holesPosition limited visibility aimingstakesTrace outline on ground
Clear fields of fireLeader inspects position
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BUILD FIGHTING POSITION
Dig the position:Throw and pack dirtArmpit deep
Parapets filled - camouflagedGrenade sumps dug/floor slopedRucksack storage optionalLeader inspects position
Overhead cover:Camouflage blended, can't bedetected at 35 metersLogs placed over center front-to-rear
Waterproof - plastic bags orponchos placed over top6"- 8" of dirt/sandbags on topOverhead cover/bottom camou-flaged
Leader inspects position
STAGE ACTION
4
3
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Make card and copy for each primary,alternate, and supplementary position
RANGE CARD PREPARATION
STEP ACTION
Draw symbol for weapon/positionin center of circle
Draw terrain features and mark
weapon reference point fromterrain or grid
Draw/label left/right sector limits
Show dead space areas and label
Draw final protective lines/princi-pal direction of fire
Draw maximum engagement lines
2
4
7
8
Determine range value for eachcircle by dividing range to mostdistant terrain feature by numberof circles and label card
Draw and number TRPs, RPs and
possible EAs as ordered
6
5
3
1
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Show gun elevation (mils), ammu-nition, range (meters) to limits,TRPs & reference points, describeobjects
List left/right limits, TRPs, refer-ence points in numerical order
RANGE CARD PREPARATIONSTEP ACTIONFill in data section
Identify primary, alternate orsupplementary position
10
11 Fill in marginal information, nothigher than company and direc-tion of magnetic north arrow
Fill in weapon ref erence data
(description, grid, magnetic azi-muth, distance from weapon toposition) in remarks
Identify weapon/vehicle
Date & time range card complete
9
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DATA SECTIONDATEPOSITION IDENTIFICATION
EACH CIRCLE EQUALSMETERS
WEAPON
DIRECTION/DEFLECTION
ELEVATION RANGENO. AMMO DESCRIPTION
DA FORM 5517 R
REMARKS:
SQDPLTCO
.
May be used for all types of direct fire weaponsMAGNETIC
NORTH
RANGE CARD PREPARATION
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RANGE CARD PREPARATION
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Make card and copy for each primary,alternate and supplementary position
SECTOR SKETCH PREPARATION
ITEM ACTION
1 Draw your unit sector or EA
2 Draw main terrain features insector(s) and range to each
3 Draw subunit positons
4 Draw subunit primary and
secondary sectors of fire5 Draw weapon positions with
primary sectors of fire for each
6 Draw maximum engagement line
for each weapon/ammunition7 Draw machine gun/cannon final
protective lines or principaldirection of fire
8 Draw location of CP/OP
9 Draw TRPs and RPs in sector
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SECTOR SKETCH PREPARATIONITEM ACTION10 Draw mines/obstacles
12 Draw and label dead space
13 Draw patrol routes
14 Draw locations, sector of fire of
other weapons in your sector
11 Draw indirect fire targetlocations/final protective fire
locations
15 Draw location of NODs for usein limited visibility plan
Place your unit ID, date-time
group prepared, and magneticnorth arrow on sketch (pencil)
Notes:
16
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SECTOR SKETCH PREPARATION
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OCCUPATION OF ABATTLE POSITION (BP)STEP ACTION
Report situation to CO/TM CDR
Coordinate w/flank/adjacent unitsOPs/patrolsObservation and fields of firePositions/routes of withdrawal
Designate alternate and supple-mentary positions, sectors of fire/EA/TRP
Designate primary sectors offire/EA/TRP
Designate general location ofprimary positions; move platoon
Recon primary, alternate & sup-plementary positions
2 Keep rest PLT in hide position(s)
7
8
Improve position; plan routes tonext BP9
Move to turret-down position onBP
6
1
3
4
5
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FIGHTING FROM A VEHICLEBATTLE POSITION (BP)STEP ACTION
1 Determine targets to engage
2 Determine methods of targetengagement
4 Issue platoon fire commands
3 Send contact and spot report
5 Call for indirect fire as needed
6 Send SPOT reports
7 Move to subsequent BP
9 Organize to fight from BPs
8 Keep CO/TM CDR informed ofsituation and location
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FIRE DISTRIBUTIONAND CONTROLITEM PRINCIPLE
Destroy most dangerous targets
first, considering range, terrain andweapon capability
Use fire distributionIncorporate indirect firesUse each weapon in its best role
Avoid target overkill
Engage critical targets first;engage laterally and in depth
Concentrate on long range targets ifpossible, to gain standoff advantage
Take best shots; expose onlysystems actually needed
Control firing; conserve ammunitionif possible
Engage different threatssimultaneously
Avoid fratricide
1
2
4
5
6
3
7
9
8
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ACTION
Prepare individual/equipment
STEP
Consider position from enemyviewpoint
Use natural concealment/blend
Reduce shine and movement
Observe from prone position
Don't skyline when moving
Inspect the following areas
Individuals/Fighting positions
Vehicles and routes in and out
Noise/light discipline plan
Camouflage nets
Break up vehicle silhouettes -
1
2
4
Reduce vehicle noise6
5 Reduce glare and signatures
use nets
3
CAMOUFLAGE
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STEP
Conduct patrols
Troops ready
Conduct stand-to (general)
Radios on/tested
Weapons loaded/ready
Vehicles topped off/loaded/ready
Basic load of missiles/ammo
Conduct stand-to (evening)
Emplace vision block covers/turn internal lights off
Ready driver's night visionviewer
Test panel control lights/thermal sights
1
3
2
Prepare NVGs/NODs
ACTIONPHYSICAL SECURITY
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ACTIONSTEP
Conduct silent watch
Post local security
Assign sectors for surveillance
Use manual, battery, or auxiliaryvehicle power when possible
Use radio listening silence
Lay guns on primary AAs/EAs
Assign sectors/observe sectors
Rotate troops using thermal
sight(s)
Adjust position(s) closer tovehicle(s) at night
5
4
Check all batteries
Upload weapons/ammunition
Inspect vehicle position toensure no light is visible after
dark
PHYSICAL SECURITY
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Employ long range STANOequip (sensors, NODs, etc.)
Coordinate any movement out-side battle position boundarieswith higher and adjacent units
Redeploy some units/weapons
to concentrate along dismount-ed avenues of approach
Employ nuisance obstaclesand early warning devices
along likely night approaches
Employ scouts, OP, patrols,ambushes, and armor killer
teams forward on secondaryAA and between positions
2
3
4
5
DEFENDING DURINGLIMITED VISIBILITY
ACTIONITEM
1
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ITEM ACTION
Rehearse movement ofweapons, units, and massingof fires on enemy approaches
Plan illumination on or behindengagement areas to silhouetteenemy
7
9
Plan required movement ofweapons, units, and massing
of fires on enemy approaches
6
Reposition weapons to takeadvantage of differencesbetween enemy and friendlySTANO devices
8
DEFENDING DURINGLIMITED VISIBILITY
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ACTION
Move TRPs and/or EAs closer
to defensive positions or moveweapons closer to them-
use METT-TC
Commence adjustments todefensive organization before
dark
Complete return to daylightpositions before dawn
Move closer to avenue(s) of
approach you guard duringbad weather
Be aware that sensors andradar may still penetrate bad
weather
10
11
12
13
14
ITEM
DEFENDING DURINGLIMITED VISIBILITY
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FUNDAMENTALS OF DELAY
Centralized control and decen-tralized execution
ITEM ACTION
Maintain enemy contact
Coordinate flank security
Maximize OAKOC
Observation and fields of fire
Force enemy to maneuver/deploy
Trade space for time
Use snipers, ambushes to slowenemy forces
Cover and concealment
Key terrain
Avenues of approach
Obstacles and movement
1
2
3
4 Use obscuration smoke or night
moves to cover withdrawingforces
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FUNDAMENTALS OF DELAY
Each unit sets up own security
Displace to next position. Moveless engaged forces first, moreheavily engaged forces moveunder cover of security force
Missions: delay in sector or for-ward of a line or position forspecified time
Assign sectors for each commit-ted unit/avenue of approach
Avoid decisive engagement
Keep free to maneuver
Observe and adjust fires
Keep enemy in sight
Use obstacles
Natural and reinforcing
Cover by observation/fire
Maintain enemy contact
ITEM ACTION
5
6
7
8
9
10
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DISENGAGEMENT PLANNING1. Scheme of maneuver ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Time of disengagement _________________________________________________3. Priority of disengagement _______________________________________________4. Location of new positions ___________
____________________________________5. Size and composition of advanceparties _________________________________________________________________6. Size and composition of overwatch
forces _________________________________________________________________7. Location of overwatch forces ____________________________________________8. Combat service support ____________
____________________________________
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DISENGAGEMENT ACTIONSITEM ACTIONDeceive the enemy with smoke,patrols, fires, radio transmis-sions
2 Use overwatch elements to keepenemy pressure off disengagingforces
3 Maintain OPSEC/COMSEC
4 Recon/prepare routes
7 Plan to move equipment
5 Recon/prepare new positions
6 Plan to move wounded
8 Move CSS early
10 Use obstacles to slow enemy
9 Move during limited visibility
1
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PASSAGE OF LINESCOORDINATION(MECH)
1. Disposition of the stationary force2. Contact points3. Select routes4. Size of passage lanes5. Attack position (forward move)6. Assembly area (rearward move)7. Initial location8. Time of transfer of responsibility
9. Traffic control/guides10. Communications/call signs/
frequencies11. Supporting fires12. Recognition signals13. CS/CSS14. Execution
(LIGHT)
2. Known or suspected enemy3. Fire & barrier plan
4. Actions on contact5. What type support provided
1. Ask for chg to previous coordination
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WITHDRAWAL UNDERENEMY PRESSURE
ITEM ACTION
1 Withdrawal principles
Disengagement techniquebased on enemy status,terrain, available covering
fires
Simultaneous when overwatchis present; by teams; thinning
the lines
Execute initiate break contact
drill using fire, maneuver, over-watch, obscuration
CO CDR controls sequenceof PLT withdrawals/PLT LDRcontrols squad movements
2
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WITHDRAWAL UNDERENEMY PRESSUREITEM ACTION
3 Maintain base of fire
Use Infantry in close terrain/limited visibility/against
dismounted enemy
Move AT weapons/tanks backfirst against enemy mountedattack
4 Plan for/specify
Scheme for maneuver
Time of withdrawal
Location of new positions
Size/make-up of advanceparty/overwatch forces
Routes/checkpoints
Battle/overwatch positions
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WITHDRAWAL UNDERENEMY PRESSUREITEM ACTION
Remount point(s)
Evacuation of woundedEvacuation of equipment
Priorities
Obstacles
Items to destroyNotes:
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ITEM ACTION
WITHDRAWAL NOT UNDERENEMY PRESSURE
1 Withdrawal principles
Speed/secrecy/deception
At night/in reduced visibility
As part of a larger force toperform another mission
2 For platoon as the companysecurity force:
Cover entire company area
Reposition squads/weapons
to cover withdrawalPlace 1 squad's key weaponsin each platoon position tocover most dangerous AA
CO XO or PLT LDR is securityforce leader
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WITHDRAWAL NOT UNDERENEMY PRESSUREITEM ACTION
3 Forward security force made upof 1 squad/1MG team/2 AT-4s
Squad leader left in position isplatoon security leader
Reposition squad to cover pla-toon withdrawal and PLT area
CP security force CDR controlsPLT security force during with-drawal
4 Security Force
Conceals withdrawal
Deceives enemy - keeps upnormal operating patterns
Provides covering fire if enemyattacks
Withdraw when company is atnext position or as ordered
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WITHDRAWAL NOT UNDERENEMY PRESSURE
ITEM ACTION
Receives withdrawal order byradio codeword
Uses company plan to withdraw
Reassembles to move to rear
If under attack, conducts fireand maneuver to rear until theybreak contact
5 Quartering party:
Send ahead before withdrawal
PSG and guide per each squad
Recons and selects positions/sectors/routes/OP for platoon
Meets/guides platoon intoposition
PSG meets/briefs PLT LDR on
position/situation
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WITHDRAWAL NOT UNDERENEMY PRESSUREITEM ACTION
6 Company OPORD contains:
Time withdrawal will startLocation of PLT/CO assemblyarea and routes between
Platoon mission(s) upon arrival
Next company/platoon mission
7 Platoon leader plans:
Location of squad/PLT assem-bly areas and routes between
Size/organization/CDR of secu-
rity force
Size/organization/CDR ofsecurity force
Next platoon/squad mission(s)
Squad missions on arrival
When his withdrawal starts
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1 Incoming leader recons area
2 Incoming and outgoing leaderscoordinate
3 Exchange liaison personnel
4 Coordinate positions ofweapons and vehicles
5 Exchange range cards and fire
plans
6 Exchange relief or organic firesupport elements
7 Coordinate obstacles locations
8 Transfer responsibility forminefields
9 Coordinate routes into and outof positions
10 Coordinate vehicle guides
RELIEF IN PLACEITEM ACTION
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RELIEF IN PLACE
11 Transfer excess ammo, POL,and other material to incomingunit
12 Coordinate communicationsduring relief
13 Coordinate enemy situation andintelligence
14 Coordinate sequence of relief
ITEM ACTION
15 Coordinate time of change ofresponsibility for the area
Notes:
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PATROL PLANNING STEPSSTEP ACTION
Identify actions on objectivethen plan backward
Analyze mission in accordancewith factors of METT-TC
Task organize
Organize patrol
Select personnel/weapons and
equipment
Coordinate
Make reconnaissance
Execute mission
Supervise/inspect/rehearse
12
9
8
2
1
3
4
5
6 Issue warning order
Issue order10
7
11
Complete detailed plans
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PATROL COORDINATIONDESCRIPTIONITEM
1 Between leader and battalionstaff or company commander
Fire support on objective andalong planned primary/alternateroutes
Rehearsal areas & times
Special equipment
Departure and reentry of friendly
lines
Use/location of landing zones
Attachment of soldiers withspecial skills/equipment
Changes in friendly situation
Light/weather data
Best use of terrain for routes,RPs, and patrol bases (PBs)
Changes/updates to enemy
situation
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PATROL COORDINATIONDESCRIPTIONITEMTransportation support
Signal plan
Patrol leader coordinates withleaders of other patrols
3
2 Coord with unit through whichPLT/SDQ will conduct forwardand rearward passage of lines
Notes:
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DESCRIPTIONITEM COMPLETE THE PLAN
7Contingency plans
Where leader is going
Who else is going along
Amount of time leader isplanning to be gone
Actions to be taken if
leader does not return
Actions on chance contactwhile leader is gone
6 Actions on enemy contact,including WIA/KIA, EPWs
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DEPARTURE FROMFRIENDLY LINESITEM DESCRIPTION
Coordinate with CDR of forward
unit/leaders of other patrolsSOI, plans, password, procedures,rally points, enemy information
Patrol leader provides unit ID, patrolsize, departure and return times, AO
PlanningMove to initial rally pointComplete final coordinationMove to/through passage point/single fileEstablish security
2
1
3
Forward unit provide information onterrain, enemy positions/activity,ambush sites, friendly positions,OPs, and obstacles
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RALLY POINTSDESCRIPTIONITEM
SelectionEasy to find
Offer cover & concealmentAway from natural lines of driftDefendable for short periods
TypesInitial - inside friendly linesEn route - every 100-400 metersbased on terrain, vegetation,visibilityObjective rally point (ORP) out ofsight, sound, small arms rangeReentry rally point outside friendlyfinal protective fire (FPF)Near & far side rally points -danger areas
2
1
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PATROL REPORT (DEBRIEFED)A. Patrol size and composition _____________________________________________B. Mission (type, location, purpose ofpatrol) _________________________________________________________________C. Time of Departure and return___________________________________________
D. Routes out and back (checkpoints,grid, overlays) _______________________E. Decription of terrain and enemyposition ____________________________F. Results of enemy encounters ___________________________________________G. Misc information/map corrections____
____________________________________H. Condition of personnel _________________________________________________I. Conclusions/recommendations___________________________________________
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STEP ACTIONSELECTION OF A PATROL BASE1 Pick tentative patrol base site
from map or aerial recon
3 Select site considering lack oftactical value to enemy, terrain,trafficability, water
4 Plan for OPs/commo with OPs
6 Provide security/alert plan,camouflage, noise/light/litterdiscipline
2 Plan for alternate site; recon and
observe until occupied or notneeded
5 Plan for defense of patrol base,withdrawal routes, rally andrendezvous points
7 Avoid enemy positions, built upareas, ridges, roads/trails, slopes
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OCCUPATION OF A PATROL BASESTEP ACTION
Element leaders recon sectors andreturn to CP
Leader sends 2 pers to bring patrol
forward
5 R&S team recon forward, moveclockwise
4 Leader checks perimeter by meetingelement leaders in turn
3 Occupation single file/camouflaged
2 Recon
1 Approach - halt patrolConduct leader recon of site
Patrol leader designates entrypoint/CP at center of base
7 Leader designates routes andRPs outside
8 Each element sets commo, OPs
6 R&S teams report enemy activity,OPs, RPs, withdrawal routes
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PATROL BASE ACTIVITIES
1
4
STEP ACTION
2 Alert plan and stand-to time day/night
Check positions, OPs, rotate leaders
Security
One point of entry/exit
Noise/light/litter discipline - challenge
allAiming stakes & claymores placed
Each squad establishes OP
Each squad digs hasty positions
SLs prep sector sketch/range cards
3 Withdrawal plan
Signals, order, rendezvous pointMaintenance plan for weapons,communications, and NVDs
Sanitation & personal hygiene plan
Mess plan and water resupply
Sterilize upon departure
6
7
5
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ITEM TASKS
1 Conduct with combat patrol;plan withdrawal
2 Attack /destroy position/
installation
3 Destroy or capture enemytroops/equipment
4 Rescue friendly personnel
5 Gather Priority IntelligenceRequirements (PIR)
6 Do not become decisivelyengaged
7 Attack when least expected, inpoor visibility, from unexpecteddirection and terrain
8 Concentrate fire at critical points
9 Achieve violence by surprise,massed fire, aggressive attack
PRINCIPLES OF A RAID
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STEP ACTION
1 Patrol move to ORP for recon
2 Security element duties
Move to positions, secure ORP
Shoot only if detected or onorder; cover withdrawal ofassault and support elements
from ORP
Inform patrol leader of changeson objective
Block avenues of approachinto/prevent escape fromobjective area- seal off area
CONDUCT A RAID
Recon & secure ORP, conductleader recon of objective
Coordinate movements ofelements to objective
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Support element duties:
STEP ACTION
Cover withdrawal of assaultelement
Withdraw on order/signal
Assault element duties:
Move into position prior toassault element
Deploy close to objective for
immediate assault (if detected)Seize, secure objective whensupporting fire lifts or shifts
Disseminate information
Withdraw on order/signal
Protect demolition/search teams
CONDUCT A RAID
3
4
5 Reorganize patrol 1km or 1terrain feature from ORP
Report
Redistribute ammunitionTreat casualties
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PRINCIPLES OF AN AMBUSHITEM PRINCIPLE1 Place effective fires into entire
kill zone - assign sectors
2 Use well-trained teams with
simple plan and prior recon3 Maintain security, especially
when returning to friendly psn
4 Soldier and weapon placement -priority to concealment andfields of fire
5 Clear signals to open/shift/ceasefire
6 Point ambush - enemy attacked
in single kill zone7 Area ambush - unit deploys to
two or more related pointambushes in area
Security elements/teams onflank and rear if possible
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8 Vehicular ambush - stop leadand trail vehicles in kill zone;kill armor first
Man trap/natural boundary on farside of kill zonePlan indirect fires to seal area &cover withdrawalInitiate with most casualty pro-
ducing weapon - have backup
ITEM PRINCIPLE
Control soldiers/issue clearorders and signals
PLT LDR reorganizes into 3 ele-ments: assault , support , andsecurity element
Use sector stakesMove to position after EENTPlan illumination
PRINCIPLES OF AN AMBUSH
9 Night ambush similar to day
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STEP ACTIONORGANIZE AN AMBUSH
Point or area? L-shaped or linear?1
5
Is kill zone isolated and deadspace covered w/mines, demo-litions, and indirect fire?
4
6
2 Are routes to and from concealed
and known to all?
3 Do positions provide early warn-ing & effective fires onto kill zone?
Does everyone know signal (andbackup) to warn of enemy ap-proach, initiate ambush, shift/lift,withdraw?
Does everyone know withdrawalroutes and sequence?
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STEP ACTIONORGANIZE AN AMBUSH
Are routes covered by mines orindirect fire if ambush fails?
Does everyone know what todo if ambush detected?
What is the running password?
Does everyone know teams/tasks?
Notes:
9
10
7
8
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CONDUCT AN AMBUSHSTEP ACTION
Ease of control/target
1 Ambush formation based onMETT-TC/overall situation
2 Patrol halt at ORP
Establish security/confirmlocation
Recon objective to confirm plan
Return to ORP/leave R&S team
3 Security element secure ORP& flank of ambush site
4 Support/assault elements leave
ORP
When security in position
Occupy positions
Support overwatches assaultmove to ambush site
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CONDUCT AN AMBUSHSTEP ACTION
8 Withdraw to ORP for accounta-bility, disseminate information,return to friendly position
5 Patrol waits for target after allelements in position
6 Security team alerts patrol onenemy direction of movement,target size, special weapons/equipment
7 Patrol ldr alerts other elements
Initiates when most of target inkill zone
Lift/shift fire if assault into zone
required
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PLAN A RECON MISSIONSTEP ACTION1 Make estimate of the situation
Current intelligence
Capabilities of unit
Task organize to supportmission
Inspection of recon force andequipment
Ways to minimize audio andelectronic equipment
Rehearsal
Use of STANO devices
Methods to remain undetected
2 Plan
Intelligence
Use of smallest unit possible toaccomplish mission
Deceptive measures
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PLAN A RECON MISSIONSTEP ACTION
Security of forceRecon of objective
Command and control
3 Subordinate missions
Notes:
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RECON ZONEITEM METHOD
Use fan method
PLT LDR selects series of ORPs
through zone
1
Each element recons own route;
entire unit links up at end
Leader select ORP. Recon routesthrough zone, and then a link uppoint
Use converging routes method2
After recon complete, move tonext ORP and repeat
Select recon routes to and fromORP - overlapping routes form fanshaped pattern around ORP. Re-con elements recon adjacent routes
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RECON ZONEITEM METHOD
Notes:
Use successive sectors method3
Each link up point becomes ORPfor next phase
Leader selects ORP, a series ofrecon routes, and link up points
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RECON AREASeparate recon and security ele-ments if objective restricted in area,clearly defined, with specific avenues
of approach
ITEM METHOD
After objective recon, recon elementand security return to ORP anddisseminate information OR ...
After security in place, recon ele-ment departs ORP to recon objec-
tive
Security teams move on coveredand concealed routes to positions
Designate positions for securityteam
Conduct leader recon
1
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RECON AREA
Combine R&S elements if objectivenot clearly defined and located, andterrain does not permit PLT to secure
objective area or if detection possible
One R&S team stay in ORP to act asreaction force in case of contact
ITEM METHOD
1 R&S team w/one follow-on securityteam to follow, acts as quick reactionforce; entire unit departs when recon
complete
2 R&S teams use ORP as releasepoint, then link up at point on far
side of objective
Several R&S teams recon separateparts of objective, then link up atORP
2
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RECON AREAITEM METHODRecon objective by long rangesurveillance if possible; shortrange surveillance if required by
METT-TC
3
Notes:
Use binoculars
Use well-rehearsed plan
Observe/collect/record informationabout enemy
Cover movement with battlefieldnoise
Establish control measures, alter-
nate routes, fire support
Avoid detection
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NBC-1 REPORTLINE ITEM *CHEM/BIO
B Position of observer - (UTM coord)
C Direction of attack from observer
(Degrees) (Mils)
D Date-time group of detonation/*area attacked (DTC)
H Height of burst/*type of agent(Air) (Surface) (Unknown)
G Means of delivery (artillery,
mortar, spray, etc.)
F Location of attack/*area attacked(Actual) (Estimated)(UTM coord)
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NBC-4 REPORTLINE ITEM
H
Location of reading (UTM coord)(Air) (Liquid)
R
Q
Height of burst/*agent-type(Air) (Surface) (Unknown)
Dose rate - measure in open,1 meter above the ground
S DTG of initial reading
(cGy/hr)
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STEP ACTION
Increase MOPP level IAW intel
Set up chemical agent alarm
100-150 m out and upwind
Affix M8/M9 detector paper
Reservice/check every 24 hrs
Attach M42 to M43A1 w/wire(MAX 400M); place near PLTcommand post
Prepare overhead cover
Alert detection teams, M256 kit
Leaders check for readiness
1
3
4
5
6
2
NBC-PRIOR TO ATTACK
Cover equipment not in activeuse
7
Prevent tampering
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STEP ACTIONNBC-DURING ATTACK
Go to MOPP4
Initate detection measures:vapor M256 kit; liquid M8/M9
paper; close inlet/outlet portsof M8A1 alarm
1
2
3
4
5
STOP BREATHING, MASK ANDGIVE ALARM
Leaders give order to mask andtake protective action
Seek overhead cover for self,cover equipment, close up vehicle
DecontaminateM258A1/M291 on skin and equip-ment M11/M13DAP to apply DS2
Warn subordinate and higher
units: send "GAS, GAS, GAS, ANDGRID" message
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STEP NBC-DURING ATTACKACTIONReport; send follow up NBC1reports
Leaders check personnel andprotection
Continue the mission8
7
6
Notes:
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STEP NBC-AFTER ATTACKACTION
CONTINUE THE MISSION
Decontaminate personnelw/M258A1/M291 kits;Apply DS-2 to vehicles
Maintain MOPP4 until orderedto lower level
Inform command post of extentof contamination
Minimize effects on personnel/
equipment
1
2
3
4
5
Hasty decontamination: MOPPgear exchange, vehicle wash
down w/M17LDS, M12
Mark personnel, equipment ,andareas
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STEPNBC-AFTER ATTACK
ACTION
Casualties - decontaminate withPDK and wrapped as appropriate
6
Deliberate decontamination:detailed troop (unit), equiment(decontaminate PLT)
Notes:
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STEP ACTION
1 Use all available detection equip-
ment (M8 & M9 paper, chemicalalarms, etc.) before proceeding
Get commander's approval2
Employ M256 or M256A1Detector
Kit
3
If no chemical agent detected,have 1-2 soldiers unmask inshade for 5 minutes; remask for10 minutes
Check for symptoms; if none,others may unmask; remainalert for symptoms.
4
5
UNMASKING WITH CHEMICALAGENT DETECTOR KIT
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Get commander's approval
Have 1-3 soldiers hold breath& break seal of mask in shadefor 15 seconds, eyes open
Reseal, clear and check masks,wait 10 minutes
Check for symptoms; if none,break seal of mask, take 2-3breaths; repeat Step 4
If no symptoms, have soldiersunmask for 5 minutes; remaskfor 10 minutes
Check for symptoms; if none,
others may unmask; remainalert for symptoms
6
4
3
1
2
5
7
UNMASK WITHOUT CHEMICALAGENT DETECTOR KITSTEP ACTION
Use all available detection equip-(M8 & M9 paper, chemical
alarms, etc.) before proceeding
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GLOVES
carr
ied
carr
ied
carr
ied
carr
ied
worn
MOPP LEVELS
MOP
P
LEVE
L
0 1 2 3 4
OVER-
GARMENTS
Carr
ied
Wornopen
orc
lose
d
Wornopen
orc
lose
d
Wornopen
orc
lose
d
Wornc
losed
OVERBOOTS
carr
ied
carr
ied
worn
worn
worn
MASK/HOOD
carr
ied
carr
ied
carr
ied
worn
worn
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STEPDETAILED TROOP DECONACTION
Equipment decontamination
Mask decontamination
Re-issue point
Mask removal (vapor controlline)
Monitor (medical/contaminationevaluation)
Remove boot and glove
Mask/hood decontamination andboot shuffle
Remove over garment jacket-high jumper trousers
5
1
8
7
6
4
3
2
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STEPMOPP GEAR EXCHANGEACTION
Gear drop and decontaminate*
Remove overgarment**jacket black side outtrousers
Decontaminate hood and roll**
Remove overboots and stepon jackets**
*solo **buddy team assist
Remove CP gloves**
Put on overgarment*
Put on overboots*
Put on CP gloves*
Roll down and secure hood**
Secure gear*
5
6
7
9
8
4
2
3
1
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MARK CONTAMINATED AREA:RADIOLOGICAL/BIO/CHEMSTEP ACTION
Locate/identify contaminated area
For radiological use markerlabeled ATOM. Print informationso word "ATOM" faces towardyou and in upright position: printdose rate (centigrays/hr ); date/time (state ZULU or local) of read-ing and detonation. If unknownprint "UNKNOWN"
For biological use marker
labeled BIO; for chemical usemarker labeled GAS. Use sameprocedures as above, statingtype of agent, if known
Position markers so information
faces away from contaminatedarea
1
2
3
4
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MARK CONTAMINATED AREA:RADIOLOGICAL/BIO/CHEMSTEP ACTION
5 Attach markers so they can beseen from all routes through
area; ensure each is visible fromprevious marker.
6 Place ATOM markers at locationswhere dose rate measures 1
centi-gray/hr (cGy/hr) or more
Notes:
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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PREPARE FOR NBC ATTACK/PROTECT AGAINSTELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE
STEP ACTION
1 Ensure ALL items are coveredor dug in when not in use
2 Park vehicles with air ventsaway from winds; close hatches,doors, etc.
3 Protect electronic equipmentagainst EMP by disconnectingantennas and spare equipment;shield with metal
4 Use highest frequency possible;
never use commercial power.Keep cable and wire short; bury18"
5 Use remote sets only whenrequired; use common ground
for all equipment; insulateantenna guy lines
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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SUPERVISERADIATION MONITORING
1 List grid coordinates of centralpoint in area
2 Tell IM-174/AN/VDR-2 operatorto take readings from centralpoint hourly; check that opera-tor uses IM-174/AN/VDR-2correctly
5 Check hourly when readingdrops below 1 cGy/hr
4 Take continuous readings if
reading is 1 or more cGy/hr;fallout warning received ornuclear burst seen; if movingto another location
3 Have operator report readingsto you immediately; use NBC-4report
STEP ACTION
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USING A DOSIMETERSTEP ACTION1 Hold viewing end of dosimeter
up to your eye, pointing towardlight but not directly into the
sun. An IM93 must be heldparallel to the ground.
2 Point where vertical hairlinecrosses scale is total amount
of radiation received in cGy
Notes:
3 Report the number of cGyto your commander
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1 Turn in for recharging any
dosimeter that does not read 0;recharge dosimeters daily
2 Have soldiers who perform dutiesin unit's area wear dosimeters
3 Collect readings from soldiers atthe same time, at least once daily;ensure readings are accurate
4 Add reported readings together;divide by number of readings
STEP ACTION
COLLECT/REPORTTOTAL RADIATION DOSE
5 Round up to nearest 10 andreport reading to commander
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ITEM PRINCIPLE
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SUPPORTPLANNING/COORDINATION
1 Plan early and continuously
2 Consider all available resourcesand means of fire support: mor-tars, artillery, attack helicopters,or close air support (CAS)
7 Use lowest echelon possible
6 Before LD, LD to OBJ, on OBJ,beyond OBJ
4 Provide flexibility and safe fires
5 Insure continuous targeting -
likely, known and suspectedenemy locations
3 Select most effective asset and
avoid duplication-check withhigher
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STEP DESCRIPTIONCALL FOR FIRE
STEPS 1-3 ARE REQUIRED
Target description (SNAP)Size/shapeNature/nomenclatureActivityProtection
1
2
3
Observer ID and warning order:Adjust fire
Fire for effect (FFE)Suppress (Target #)Immediate suppression (Grid)
Target location methods
Grid - 6 digit grid/directionPolar - direction, distanceShift from a known point - directionto target, add or drop, left or right(direction is always from observer to
target)
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CALL FOR FIRESTEP DESCRIPTION
Method of engagementType of adjustmentsDanger close
Trajectory, AmmunitionDistribution
Method of fire and controlAt my command/Cannot observeTime on targetContinuous/coordinated illumCease loadingCheck firing/Continuous fireRepeat
Refinement & end of missionCorrect, record, reportbattle damage assessment
5
6
4
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NAME
105MM/M102105MM/M119
155MM/M198155MM/M109155MM/M109A6
Paladin227MM/MLRS
MLRS(ATACM)
11,50014,000
18,10018,10023,500
RAP30KM
100KM
ROF -MAX/SUST
HE SMOKE ILLUM
HE WP ILLUM(red parachute)
HE WP ILLUM
HE WP ILLUM
TYPERANGENAME
PLANNINGRANGE
10 RPM/3 RPM6 RPM/3 RPM
4 RPM/1 RPM4 RPM/1 RPM6 RPM/1 RPM
12 RDS/M
2 missiles/18sec
70-3500
70-479073-5600
200-7200
60mm/M224
81mm/M29A181mm/M252
120mm/M121
MORTAR/ARTILLERYCAPABILITIES
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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AFV WEAPON CAPABILITIESEFFECTIVE RANGE (METERS)M240B
7.62
MM
M2
.50
CAL
25MM MK19
40MM
105/120
MMTOW
MSL
HMMWVM996
900 1800 2200 3750
M113APC*
1800 2200 3750
M2/3BFV
2000 AP
3000 HE
900 3750
STRYKER*
M1064A3
M1/M1A1ABRAMS
M60A3
M1A2ABRAMS
900 1800 2200 37502000 AP3000 HE
900 1800 28003990
900 1800
900 1800
1800
*Based on varient or use
1700
1828 HE3500 AP
7200
7/31/2019 clg[2]
141/2301010-810
TARGET ACQUISITIONITEM SIGNATURE1 Soldiers - trash, damaged
vegetation, noise
2 Tracked vehicles - fuel, smoke,noise
6 Mines and obstacles - strange
material, tripwires, loose/disturbed dirt, tactical barbedwire
4 Artillery - noise, smoke, flash
5 Aircraft - noise, glare, vaportrails, dust
3 Antitank weapons - noise, wires,vapor trails, flash
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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ATTACK HELICOPTERCAPABILITIES NAME WEAPON RANGE
M
700037501500
7.62 minigun2.75" FFAR
30mm CannonHellfireATAS
AH/MH-6 Little Bird 10007000
400080008000
AH-1G 7.62 minigun2.75" FFARTOW
Cobra 100070003750
AH-1S 2.75" FFARTOW20mm Cannon
Cobra
70004000800080001500
OH-58D 2.75" FFAR30mm CannonHellfireATAS12.7mm HMG
KiowaWarrior
700040008000
AH-64A/D 2.75" FFAR30mm CannonHellfire
Apache
ATAS - Air-to-air StingerHMG - Heavy machinegun
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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SHELREP - MORTREP - BOMBREPARTILLERY COUNTERFIRE
Damage
Flash-to-Bang-Time
Number, type and caliber of rounds
Nature of fire
Number of guns
Coordinates of shelled areas
Time shelling ended
Time shelling started
AZ to flash or sound
Coordinates of observer
Call signA
D
I
J
K
B
C
EF
G
H
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11-111 11
SUPPLIES AND LOGISTICALSERVICESITEM PRINCIPLE
1 Chain of command plans forsupply status and equipment for
fighting; 1SG directs companylogistics services; PSG coordin-ates/supervises platoon main-tenance with 1SG
2 PLT logistics includes long and
short term supply/transportation/maintenance
3 PSG coordinates/supervises bygetting requests for supplies/equipment from squad leaders
and PLT LDR; reviews/consoli-dates list; and passes to 1SG orsupply SGT
4 PSG must maintain status ofsupplies and equipment in PLT,
monitors requests, reports toPLT LDR
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PRECOMBAT CHECKS - MECHITEM ACTION1 Complete prepare to fire
weapons checks
2 Complete preops PMCS; resolve
problems3 Load vehicles/rucks per loadplans
4 Clean/function check individualand crew served weapons
5 Top off vehicles
6 Stow basic load of Classes I & V
7 Fill canteens, water and oil cansas needed
8 Index battlesights
9 Check radio frequency andoperation if authorized.
10 Check speech security equip-ment and operation if authorized
11 Check personnel; brief mission
12 Rehearse
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11-311 11
ITEM ACTIONPRECOMBAT CHECKS - LIGHT
1 Leaders inspect equipment andcamouflage
2 Packing list checked
3 Compasses, maps present
4 Communications check
5 Rations drawn
6 Weapons test fired
Notes:
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CLASSES OF SUPPLYCLASS DESCRIPTION SYMBOL
I Rations
II Expendables
III POL
IV Barrier material
V Ammunition
VI Sundry
VII Major end items
VIII Medical
IX Repair parts
X Material to supportnonmilitary programs
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11-511 11
INTEGRATION MATRIX-INDIVIDUAL WEAPONS
AN/PAQ-4B/C
AN/PAS-13,TWSAN/PEQ-2A
AN/PVS-4(A)
AN/PVS-10,SNS
AN/PVS-14
AN/TVS-5
M68, CCO
M145,MGO
BIS
MILESAN/PSX-1
M16A2 M16/ M4A1 M4/ M24
M203 M203Accessory
Notes: When mounting the AN/PAQ-4B/C tothe M203 the grenadier must first have theQuadrant Sight Removed.CCO - Close Combat Optic
MGO- Machinegun OpticBIS - Back-up Iron Sight
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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INTEGRATION MATRIX-CREW SERVED WEAPONS
AN/PAQ-4B/C
AN/PAS-13,TWS
AN/PEQ-2A
AN/PVS-4(A)
AN/PVS-10,SNS
AN/PVS-14
AN/TVS-5M68, CCO
M145,MGO
BIS
MILES
AN/PSX-1
M249 M60 M240B M2 MK19Accessory
1. Final configuration for the M60 and M240B willbe w/the AN/PEQ-2A, however, the AN/PAQ-4B/Cmay be used if the AN/PEQ-2A is unavailable2. The MGO will be used on the M249 only when itis employed in the light machine gun role
3. The AN/PSX-1will replace the AN/PAQ-4B/C oncefielded
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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12-112 12
ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTER-COUNTERMEASURES
1
Use directional antennaTurn squelch off
NEVER acknowledge jamming
Move after transmission
Relocate to mask jamming signalwith terrain
Continue to transmit on highest
power setting
2 If you are being jammed:
3 MIJI Report
To determine if you are being jammed,disconnect antenna. If noise stops,then starts again when antenna isreconnected, suspect jamming. Ifnoise does not stop, check radiomalfunction.
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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12-212 12
RADIO TROUBLESHOOTINGSTEP ACTION1 Check frequency setting
2 Check battery: charge-new
3 Check antenna: upright-clear
4 Check ALL connections frombattery through to antenna:clean-dry-tighten
5 Check ALL power and positionswitches
6 Replace CVC or handset
7 Check distance/position forterrain mask; move if needed
8 Check antenna top section:repair if broken-replace if lost
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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12-312 12
MESSENGER BRIEFING1. Name/location of person to receive
message.
2. Route to follow.
3. Danger points to avoid.
4. Speed required.
5. Is answer required?
6. Action if message cannot be delivered.
7. Special instructions.
8. Content (if required).
9. Report destination at OP/lines.
10. Challenge/Password.
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12-412 12
A ALPHA
B BRAVO
C CHARLIE
D DELTA
E ECHO
F FOXTROT
G GOLFH HOTEL
I INDIA
J JULIETT
K KILO
L LIMA
M MIKE
N NOVEMBER
al-fah
brah-voh
char-lee
dell-tah
eck-oh
foxs-trot
golfhoh-tell
in-dee-ah
jew-lee-ett
key-loh
lee-mah
mike
no-vem-ber
PHONETIC ALPHABET
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12-512 12
O OSCAR
P PAPA
Q QUEBECR ROMEO
S SIERRA
T TANGO
U UNIFORM
V VICTOR
W WHISKEY
X XRAY
Y YANKEE
Z ZULU
PHONETIC ALPHABET
oss-car
pah-pah
key-beckrow-me-oh
se-air-rah
tang-goh
unee-form
vik-tor
wiss-key
ecks-ray
yang-kee
zoo-loo
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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13-1 1313
INSTALL/REMOVE HASTYPROTECTIVE MINEFIELDSTEP ACTION
1 Report intention/getauthorization to lay minefield
2 Recon for best sites, under unitobservation/fire, integrating withother defense plans
3 Report initiation of field; place
in irregular pattern on avenuesof approach
4 Record Field on DA 1355-1-R
5 Arm mines - from enemy side to
friendly side6 Report completion of field; warn
adjacent units
7 Retain DA 1355-1-R as long asunit/field stay in place; if field
abandoned forward to Cdr
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13-213 13
INSTALL/REMOVE HASTYPROTECTIVE MINEFIELDSTEP ACTION
8 Removal: If DA 1355-1-R is notavailable, treat the field as enemy
field and use breaching techniques
9 Remove mines in order usingazimuths and distances fromDA 1355-1-R
Notes:
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13-3 1313
DA FORM 1355-1-R
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13-413 13
DA FORM 1355-1-R
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13-5 1313
BREACHING ANDCLEARING MINEFIELDSSTEP ACTION
1 Suppress enemy coveringobstacles
2 Obscure area with smoke
3 Secure near side
4 Reduce obstacle-blow or probe
lane through
7 Mark cleared lane
8 Move unit through obstacle
5 Secure the far side
(time permitting)
6 Blow marked mines in place
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13-613 13
STEP ACTIONNONELECTRIC FIRING SYSTEM
3 Cut fuse to proper length andpass end through priming adapter
2 Determine amount of explosiveneeded
1 Determine length of fuse needed
Cut & discard 6" length; cut off3' length to determine burn rate
Light fuse end and list time ittakes to burn
Compute burn rate per foot(time/burn rate)
Unscrew fuse holder cap, pressshipping plug into igniter, rotateand remove plug, insert fuse in
fuse hole, tighten cap
Attach M60 fuse igniter:4
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13-7 1313
NONELECTRIC FIRING SYSTEMSTEP ACTION
Notes:
Attach blasting cap to fuse5
6 Pull pin to detonate charge
Hold fuse vertically with squareend up
Slip cap down over fuse so capand fuse are in contact
Turn cap out and away from yourbody and crimp cap at point 1/8 to1/4" from open end
Inspect open end, remove debrisby tapping or shaking gently
7/31/2019 clg[2]
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13-813 13
NONELECTRIC/ELECTRICPRIMING OF DEMO BLOCK
Note: Prime by wrapping demolitionblocks with detonating cord, by insertingknot of detonating cord into plastic
explosive, by lacing cord through dyna-mite, 40-lb cratering charges or shapedcharges
STEP ACTION
1 Prime with threaded cap well &priming adapter:
Electric after inspection, fastenfree ends of cap lead wire tofiring wire & pass thru adapterslot, pull cap into place, then
finish as above
Non-electric inspect cap well,insert cap with fuse into capwell, screw in adapter
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13-9 1313
NONELECTRIC/ELECTRICPRIMING OF DEMO BLOCKSTEP ACTION
2 Prime with threaded cap wellwithout priming adapter:
Non-electric inspect cap well,wrap & tie string around block,leaving excess, insert blastingcap with fuse into cap well - useloose string to keep cap from
separating from block.
3 Prime without threaded cap wellor priming adapter: Non-
electric & electric make hole withM2 crimpers, then follow step 2.
Electric after inspection, fastenfree ends of cap wire to firingwire, pass lead wires throughadapter slot & insert electric cap
into cap well, tie lead wiresaround block, allowing slack.
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13-1013 13
CLEAR NONELECTRIC/ELECTRICMISFIRES
3 UNTAMPED - Without moving ordisturbing misfired charge, deton-ate 1-pound charge at sideTAMPED - Dig within 1 foot of
misfired charge; detonate 2-lbcharge on top of misfired charge
2 ELECTRIC - If dual primed withnon-electric system, wait 30
minutesCheck firing wire connections,make 2-3 more attempts to fire;disconnect firing wire from blast-ing machine and shunt wires;check entire system for breaks/
shorts
1 NON-ELECTRIC - Wait 30 minutesafter misfire before moving tocharge
STEP ACTION
Note: If possible, misfire should becleared by soldier who placed the charge
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13-11 1313
2 Test electric blasting cap; twist
free wire ends together
3 Move to firing point and testentire circuit
4 Test blasting machine/depress
ELECTRIC FIRING SYSTEMSTEP ACTION
set or galvanometer; lay outfrom charges to firing position
1 Check firing wire with M51 test
handle
2 blasting machine posts and
detonate charge
5 On order, connect lead wires to
Notes:
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14-114 14
ROE - Written directives explaining cir-cumstances and limitations under whichUS forces initiate and/or continue com-bat engagement with hostile forces.
GENERAL RULES1. You have the right to defend yourselfagainst attacks or threats of attack.
RULES OF ENGAGEMENT
2. Hostile fire may be returned effectivelyand promptly to stop a hostile act.
3. US forces use the minimum forcenecessary and proportional to the threat(measured response: degree of forceshould conform to the circumstance of
the incident).
4. You may not seize the property ofothers to accomplish your mission.
5. Detention of civilians is authorized for
security reasons or in self-defense.
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AREA ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST
Where are refugees from (sizeand area of population)?
What is food and water status?
1
2
8 What is the security situation?
What UN relief agencies are inoperation?
7
What organization/leadership
do most of the people support?
What civil/military organizationsexist? Who are the leaders?
What is overall medical status?3
4
6
What civilian organizations exist?Who are the leaders?
DESCRIPTIONITEM
5
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14-314 14
AREA ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST
What is the size and composition
of the transient population?
What food is available and whatdoes it cost?
Which groups are most in need?
What commercial or businessactivities are there?
What skilled labor and servicesare available?
9
How many families are involved?
10
11 What civil projects would leaderslike to see accomplished?
12
13
14
15
ITEM DESCRIPTION
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CHECKPOINT/ROADBLOCKPIR CHECKLIST
1
2
TO BE REPORTEDITEM
Number and type of vehiclesstopped; markings, license
number, signs
Number of passengers pervehicle; ages, genders
Type and quality of cargo
Point of origin & destination
Stated reason for passengertravel
Any weapons found?
Any passenger reports ofsightings of weapons, technical
equipment or bandits
3
4
5
6
7
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14-514 14
TO BE REPORTEDITEM
Condition of passengers(general health, dress, attitude)
8
Anything unusual observed/reported by passengers
9
Notes:
CHECKPOINT/ROADBLOCKPIR CHECKLIST
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171/23015 1515-1
1. Loading procedures ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Bump plan (for individuals/loads) _________________________________________________________________________3. Use of safety belts __________________________________________________
4. Preflight safety inspection of troops ____________________________________5. In-flight procedures _________________________________________________6. Downed aircraft procedures _______
______________________________________________________________________7. Offloading procedures _______________________________________________
8. Movement from PZ/LZ/EZ____________________________________________
AIRCRAFT TROOPCOMMANDER BRIEFING
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SAFETY BRIEFING CHECKLISTACTIONITEM
Never approach rotary wing air
craft from rear or front; alwaysfrom sides
Keep sleeves rolled down
Carry weapons without bayonet,safety on, bolt closed, chamberempty, muzzle DOWN
Bend or tie down radio antennasFasten seatbelts & leave buckleduntil crew chief signals exit
Maintain written manifest (unit,rank, full name, SSN) separate
from aircraft
2
3
4
6
8
Approach/depart in a crouch ondown slope side to ensureclearance
7
Wear ID tags, earplugs, helmets,when in/near aircraft
1
5
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REVERSE PLANNING SEQUENCEITEM
Landing plan
Air movement plan
Loading plan
Staging plan
Notes:
3
4
5
2
Ground tactical plan1
ACTION
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GROUND TACTICAL PLANCONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONITEM
Missions of all force elementsand methods of employment
Zones of attack, sectors, orareas of operations with graphiccontrol measures
Combat service support toinclude resupply, evacuation,and plans to sustain the force
Fire support to include graphic
control measures
Location and size of reserves
Task organization to include
command relationships
1
2
3
4
5
6
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ITEM
Weather/surface/slope
Identification from air
Obstacles
Cover/concealment
Enemy disposition/capabilities
Alternates (one per primary LZ)
Location (based on METT-TC)and capacity (size)
4
Approach/departure routes
3
1
2
5
8
6
7
CRITERIA
LANDING ZONESELECTION CRITERIA
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AIR ASSAULT PZ/LZPLANNING CONSIDERATIONSITEM
Reduced visibility may limit orpreclude use
2
3
1
LZs: Locate on, close by, or
some distance away from theobjective (based on METT-TC);size determines how muchcombat power can be landed;deny enemy observation,
acquisition, and ADA; land onenemy side of obstacles; avoidexposing aircraft.
PZs: Minimum movement;access to support assets;
masked from enemyobservation; outside the rangeof enemy artillery
CONSIDERATION
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EXTRACTION LOADING PLANREQUIREMENTSITEM
Fire support
Loading priorities
3
4
7
PZ control party organization &location
REQUIREMENT
PZ locations, primary & alternate
PZ security
1
2
5 Sequence of extraction: mainbody, PZ control party, securityforce
6 Movement to PZ: route & order
NOTE: PZ time is CRITICAL factor
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ITEM
CHALK LEADER DUTIES/PLATOON AIR ASSAULT
Brief chalk and attachments onloadi
