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Carel Snyman Green Transport Electric Vehicles – SANERI
Carel Snyman
Green Transport Electric Vehicles – SANERI
Opel Corsa
Ford BantamConversion
Electric Game Viewing
Land RoverConversion
Volkswagen Microbus Conversions
Jeep WranglerConversion
Strategic Orientation
Set up R&D programmes and centres at universities where potential
already exists – strengthen this capacity and turn into world class
innovation centres
In the medium to long term create capacity to undertake research,
development and demonstration in-house in strategic areas
Develop, demonstrate and prepare bankable projects for new
energy technologies
Where required, equity may be taken in a particular project, along
the lines of a PPP
National Targets
Efficient Vehicles – sedans and LDVs by 1% average/year
Passenger Modal Shift – from 51% (2003) to 75%(2050)
Bio-Fuels – increased percentages of EtOH in petrol and Bio-Diesel in diesel
Bio-Fuels Subsidy
Hybrids – 7% of private cars in 2015, 20% by 2030
EVs – 10% of P.km demand by 2015 and 60% by 2030
EVs on Eskom Grid – 60% of private passenger market
Working Towards a
National Plan
National Government – Working with Governmental Departments
Provincial Government – Working with Provincial Government on Joint Projects
Local Government – Implementing Projects in Cities and Municipalities
State Owned Entities – Partners in Research, Development and Demonstration
Industry – Partners (PPPs) in commercialisation of vehicles and infrastructure
Educational Institutions – Partners in Training and Capacity building
Taxi industry – Partners in demonstration and commercialisation
PPP - Partnerships
Automotive Industrial Development Corporation
Government Fleets
Eskom Fleet
Hybrid BRT bus
EVI City Project
COP17 Meeting in Durban
Etc
Cleaner Fossil Fuels
LPG
– Demonstration by converting petrol vehicles to dual fuel (G-Fleet, Taxis)
– Recording data for comparison and reporting
– Understanding infrastructure requirements
Cleaner Fossil Fuels
CNG
– Demonstration by converting petrol and diesel vehicles to dual fuel (G –
Fleet, taxis and buses)
– Recording data for comparison and reporting
– Understanding infrastructure requirements
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Private and Confidential © NOVO Energy (Pty) Ltd
Example of a converted taxi (Quantum)...
CNG Filling Station
Renewable Fuels
Bio-Diesel
– Demonstration providing fuel for diesel vehicles (Yellow fleet
construction vehicles, municipal fleets)
– Recording data for comparison and reporting
– Understanding infrastructure requirements
MetroBus Ethanol
Inspired and facilitated by Clinton foundation
Ethanol bus from Sweden during mid 2010 and has been operating since then
ED95, and with its small additive package
This bus has covered well over 20,000 km on our inner city routes
Emissions have shown a reduction of over 72% in CO2, 60% NOx and 90% PM
The fuel consumption show 85 L/100 km
Jobs in the rural areas
Animal feed from the waste products
1
7
Renewable Fuels
Bio Gas (from biomass, waste, sewage, etc.)
– Demonstration by converting petrol taxis
– Recording data for comparison and reporting
– Understanding infrastructure requirements
1
8
IDC Gas Project
Identified alternative fuel
Biogas – Landfill, waste & biomass based
Trucks and buses
Industrial development
Job creation
1
9
Electric Vehicles
Energy Storage Systems Evaluation & Technology Transfer
Electric Motors and Controllers
Battery Management Systems
Vehicle Components
Vehicle - Grid ICT and Grid Integration
Vehicle Safety
Recycling Issues
University Challenges
2
0
Stellenbosch University
EVs at the centre
EV Partnerships
2
3
by
Group of companies to implement SANEDI Green
Transport objectives and transfer EV technologies to SA:
Convert conventional vehicles to electric propulsion for customers
Design and install recharging infrastructure at strategic points
Guide and establish EV industrial development in South Africa
Optimal Energy
Joule
Government Initiatives:
• Joule Investment
• Battery development
by the IDC and DTI
• SABS EV committee
• IMC for commercialisation of EVs
2
4
10 x Single Manufacturer Solar Car Fleet
World first Solar Car Fleet, used in interactive education programs
In Collaboration with Glyndŵr University in Wales
Universal car, Pure EV Mode, Solar Mode and Fuel Cell Mode
4,457 km
10 Days
Toughest solar challenge in the world
15 Local SA Teams building cars
10 International Teams (Tokai, Nuna, Etc.)
In collaboration with Formulec France
100% Electric Formula Race Car
Opportunity for the African Leg of Formulec Series in 2012/13
Street Circuit with focus on developing a festival atmosphere
Formula 3, competitive car, 0-100km/h < 3s
Cape Town Waterfront electric yacht development
Direct
Transport
Mining
Commerce
Industrial
BPSHELLCALTEXENGEN
E
S
K
O
M
CRUDEOIL
C
O
A
L
PRODUCTIONLOSSES
CONSUMPTION LOSSES
Agriculture
Domestic
SASOL
USEFULENERGY
SA Energy Balance
Carbon Intensity of the Final Energy Mix
32Wrong energy & wrong technology for mobility work
15%
33Wrong energy & wrong technology for mobility work
15%
34Wrong energy & wrong technology for mobility work
15%
Wrong energy & wrong technology for mobility work
15%
Coal Mine Power Station Distribution Electric Car
97% 35% 95% 75%
24%
Coal Mine Synfuel Plant Distribution Petrol Car
97% 40% 97% 18%
Oil Well Refinery Distribution Petrol Car
96% 90% 97% 18%
Solar Farm Distribution Electric Car
95% 75%
71%
WT 100% Efficient
(WW)η
21,500
22,500
60,000
67,000
325,000
0 100000 200000 300000 400000
BioDiesel
BioEthanol
BioMass to Liquid
BioGas (corn)
Electric (PV)
Kilometres per Hectare
Electric 16kW/100km
SI – 7,4Litre/100km
CI – 6,5Litre/100km
How far can you go on one hectare?
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16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Hours of the day
GW38 GWh
6 million cars
Where is the Electricity going to come from?
For
100km:
Energy, Cost and GHG
Petrol
Car
Price/Unit R 10,00
Units 10 litres
Energy 320 MJ
Cost R 100,00
Electric Car
Peak
R 1,00
15 kWh
54 MJ
R 15,00
20c
R1,50
Off-peak &
Small Car
7,5 kWh
27 MJ
GWP25kg 0 0
7-50kg 39kg 19kg45kg 39kg 19kg
Optimising the Commute
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DRAFT
Claremont
Rondebosch
Mowbray
UWC
Khayelitsha
CBD
Airport
Mitchell’s
Plain
Table View
RetreatSomerset
West
Woodstock
Mowbray
Claremont
UWC
Bellville
Fishoek
Nyanga
Muizenberg
Camps Bay
Hout
Bay
Rondebosch
Pinelands
Mobility HubsCape Town
Long Distance Travel
Electric Train (300 km/h) 160
Regional Electric Train 85
Diesel electric commuter rail 85
Maglev (400 km/h) 81
Highway coach 72
Prius 30
Aircraft 21
Performance: Person.km/Energy Unit
Urban Commutes
Rail 255
Trolleybus 123
Diesel bus 33
Light motorcycle 25
Smart For 2 cdi 20
Prius 20
City EV 60
Speed Time to travel
km/h 30km Time
60 30 saved:
80 23 7min
100 18 5min
120 15 3min
Aerodynamic DRAG and energy consumption
What is YOUR parasitic mass?
Cars got bigger and heavier over time
GridCar Development
City Commuter
SmartGrid
GridCar Interconnection
Integrated Advanced Mobility Systems
EV Manufacturer
EV Owners
Power Producers
Charge OperatorsPolicymakers
ServiceRetailers
Power Retailers
CORE SERVICESPayment Management
TrackingAsset Register
Ideally this should be a
Public Company
withGazetted
Tariffs
VALUE ADDED SERVICESElectricity Trading Desk
Basic Fleet ServicesCharge Installations
Vehicle sharing or rental system
Fleet Companies
- Manufacturer- Rental Cmpy.- Corporates-
Services Companies
- Car Sharing- ITS- Toll/Tax/C02 - Smart Grids- Smart Cities- Etc.
Power Companies
- Retailers- Producers- Distributors- Charge Units
Manufacturers
GridCars,Optimal
Energy, Nissan
Ideal Architecture
Service Orientated Architecture (Public Application Interface)
• Promote Innovation
• Enforce standards
• Encourage competiveness
• Expose new markets
• Create job opportunities
• Encourage Industry Growth
• Help lower Environmental Impact
• Public transport integration
• Ease user acceptance and costs
Ideally this should be a
Public Company
withLegislative
Control
Will achieve the following :
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
Exa Joules
474600
1600
World
Wind
SolarPetaa JoulesExa Joules of Energy (2008)
• Average ≈ 60km per day
• Small electric car:
5kWh/100km ≈ 3kWh/day
• PV electrical energy
4kWh per day
• PV cells needed ≈ 7m2
• PV cells cost ≈ R 40’000,
once-off, for 25 years
• PV km life ≈ 150’000km
• 27c/km (no increase!)
Let us be practical:
Saudi Arabia is seeking the light . . .
of the SUN!“25% of world demand”
4,457 km
10 Days
Toughest solar challenge in the world
15 Local SA Teams building cars
10 International Teams
Solar Electric Bus
• Adelaide Australia
• World's first 100% solar-recharged electric transit bus
• ”Tindo” after the Aboriginal word for "sun"
• Seats 27, powered by a 35kW electric motor running off ZEBRA sodium nickel chloride batteries rated at 261.8kWh
• 11,480kg vehicle has a top speed of 75km/hr and an estimated operation range between fast charges is 200km
• Inductive power transmission is based on the fact that an electric conductor creates a magnetic field, which generates an electric current in another conductor placed within that field.
• Induction is used in a huge range of applications, from electric generators in power plants to electric toothbrushes which charge inductively when placed in their base. What’s radically different about PRIMOVE is that it can charge vehicles not just when parked, but also in motion.
• The induction coil under the road or track carries high-frequency alternating current, which creates a magnetic field. This field induces a voltage in the vehicle-side inductive pick-up, which is used to charge and power the vehicle. The vehicle “communicates” with the wayside components to switch on a given segment only when the vehicle is directly over it.
• The advantages are freedom from wear and exposure, elimination of the need for batteries, high safety, flexible power, and theoretically unlimited range
