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TexasCoastalPrairie
Ca.leRanchingontheTexasCoastalPrairie
CliffordCarter RanchConsultant Victoria,Texas
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Thethreemajorcomponentsfora
successfulca.leopera=onare:
1Goodca.leandgoodanimalhusbandryprac=ces
2Agoodmarke=ngstrategyandprogram
3Goodgrasslandmanagement
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
TodayIamgoingtodeal
primarilywiththegrassland
managementaspectsof
ranchingandtheimpactsof
grasslandmanagementonca6leandwildlife
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
SeveralyearsagoataNa:onal
Ca6lemansAssocia:onannualmee:ng
inOklahomaCityasuccessfulOsage
IndianCa6lemanmadethestatement
thathehadagoodca6leopera:onbut
thatovertheyearshewasonlyableto
improvehislivestockproduc:onbyabout
10percentbycon:nuallyimprovinghis
animalselec:onandhusbandryprac:ces
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Healsosaidthathehad
improvedhislivestock
produc=onbyabout50
percentbyswitchingtogood
grasslandmanagementprac=ces
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
TheCoastalPrairieoncecontainedover6millionacresofna=veprairie
grasslandsthatextendedalongtheGulf
CoastfromBrownsvilleintoLouisiana
Thereisonlyaboutmillionacresofthena=veprairiegrasslandsleQ
Muchoftheprairiewasconvertedini=allytocroplandandmosthasnow
beenconvertedtononna=veintroduced
pasturegrasses
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
MuchofthecroplandwasleQidleandthe
vegeta=onhasconvertedtocommon
bermudagrassandbahiagrassCoastal
bermudagrassandsomeimproved
varie=esofcoastalbermudagrasswerethe
majorgrassspeciesplantedMuchofthis
plantedareawasnotmanagedverywell
andittohasnowconvertedtocommon
bermudagrassandbahiagrass
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Mostofthelargetractsoftrueprairie
grasslandsremainingareinwhatasknown
astheRefugioGoliadPrairieThisareais
dominatedbylargeranchesthathaveremainedinthesameranchingfamiliesfor
over150yearsSomefragmenta=onis
occurringwithintheselargeranchesandtheranchesarebeingdividedintosmaller
holdingsamongfamilymembers
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Theseremaininglargerranchescanbe
dividedintotwomanagementgroups:
Lighttomoderatestockingwithcon=nuousyear-longgrazing
Moderatestockingusingrota=onalgrazingmanagement
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Con=nuousgrazinggroup
Majorproblems
Thecon=nuousgrazinggroups=llhavelargepastureswhichlimitsflexibility
Stockingratesrangefrom15to22acresperanimalunit
Livestockwaterdistribu=onproblems
Infrequentprescribedburning Challengingbrushproblems
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Con=nuousgrazinggroup
Mostofthetheseranchesarestockedlightlyfornormalrainfallyears
Manyfailtoreducenumbersina=melyfashionduringdroughtperiods
Livestockwaterdistribu=onisamajorproblem
Higherqualitygrassspeciesaredecliningbecauseofgrazingselec=vity
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Ca.leeatplantstheylikebestun=ltheyaregonethengototheplantstheylikesecondbestwhensecondbestisgone,
thentheylookfortheplanttheylikethirdbestandsoondowntheline
Searchingforpreferredplantsincreasestramplinginthepasture
Ca.leareveryselec=veintheirgrazinghabits
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Ca.lehavelong-termandshort-termmemory
Longtermloca=onofpasturefeaturesanddesiredforageplants
Shorttermrecallforupto8hoursrecentlygrazedareas
Ca.leknowwherethebestplantsare
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Researchhasshownthat70%ofallgrazingoccurswithin1200feetof
livestockwatersources
LimitedlivestockwaterwithsourcesoQen3ormoremilesapartreduce
thegrazableareaonaranchbutthestockingrateisusuallynotreduced
accordingly
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
3miles
1500AcrePasture
Lessthan50%U=liza=on
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
AldoLeopoldknownasthefatherofWildlifeHabitatManagementoncesaid:
WhydoesSilphiumdisappearfromgrazedareas?IoncesawafarmerturnhiscowsintoavirginprairiemeadowpreviouslyusedonlysporadicallyformowingwildhayThecowscroppedtheSilphiumtothegroundbeforeanyotherplantwasvisiblyeatenatallOnecanimaginethatthe
buffalooncehadthesamepreferenceforSilphium,buthesufferednofencestoconfinehisnibblingsallsummerlongtoonemeadowInshort,thebuffalospasturingwasdiscon=nuous,andthereforetolerabletoSilphium
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SilphiumorCompassPlant
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SilphiumorCompassPlant
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SilphiumorCompassPlant
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Con=nuousgrazinggroup
Thereisamajorproblemwhenca.lemakethegrasslandmanagement
decisions
Thelandownerwhoallowsca.letomakegrazingmanagementdecisions
needstogetoutoftheranchingbusiness
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Con=nuousgrazinggroup
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Rota=onalGrazingGroup
Majorproblems
Stockingratesrangefrom8to15acresperanimalunit
Somelivestockwaterdistribu=onproblems
Difficultymaintainingneededprescribedburningfrequency
Challengingbrushproblems
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Rota=onalGrazingGroup
TherearetwoCardinalrulesthatmustbefollowedforgrasslandmanagementforaca.leopera=onregardlessofwhetheryou
areinahighrainfallareasorsemi-aridordesertregion
1 ProperUse-Grazenomorethan50%byweightofthekeygrassplantsatany=me
2 Nograzingsystemcancompensateforbeingoverstocked
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Rota=onalGrazingGroup
Themostimportantaspectofgrasslandmanagementistheamountofrestyougiveeach
pastureForinstancewehaveacoupleof
ranchesthathave5pasturesforeachherdThis
meansthateachpastureisonlygrazed20percent
ofthe=meAnotherranchhas3pasturesfor
eachherdandeachpastureisgrazed33percent
ofthe=meWehavesome2pasturesystemsandthesearegrazed50percentofthe=meWhichof
thesemakesthefastestimprovementinplant
composi=on?
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Rota=onalGrazingGroup
Thereisasayinginranchingthatmanyranchersspend80%oftheir=meonthingsthat
bringin20percentoftheincome,and20
percentoftheir=meonthingsthatbringin80percentoftheirincome
Wheredoyouthinkgrazingmanagement
planningfitstheincomescale:the20orthe80
percent?
Howaboutawri.endroughtplaninayearlike
wearehavingthisyear20or80percent?
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Mostrancheshaveacon=nuous
grazingsystemEvenwithalight
stockingratewhathappenstothebe.ergrassessuchasbigbluestem
andIndiangrass?Howabout
compassplantandEngelmannDaisy?
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BigBluestem
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EnglemannDaisy
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EnglemannDaisy
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Con=nuousgrazingwithalightstockingratemakesca.lemore
selec=veintheirgazinghabitsYou
drama=callyincreasethetramplingeffectsbecauseca.learewalkingall
overthepasturelookingforbig
bluestemortheotherpreferredplants
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
CPCICoastalPrairieConserva=onIni=a=veisaprojectintheVictoria,Goliad
andRefugioCoun=esAreaoriginallystartedtorestoretheprairiefortheEndangeredA.watersPrairieChickenIdotheranchplanningforthisgroup
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
CPCIisapartnershipof:
USFishandWildlifeService
NRCS
TexasParksandWildlife
TheNatureConservancy
GLCI
Texas&SouthwestCa.leRaisers
VictoriaSoil&WaterConserva=onDistrict
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Educa=onalWorkshops
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Educa=onalWorkshops
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Educa=onalWorkshops
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
CPCIencouragesranchers
involvedwiththisprojecttoprac=cegoodstewardshipandtodevelopa
managementplanthatincludes:
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie ProperUse Grazingmanagement(Some
programmedrestfromgrazingeachyr)
BrushControl Prescribedburning Fencing Waterdevelopment Wildlifehabitatmanagement
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Rota=onalGrazingGroup MostoftheRanchesinthe
rota=onalgrazinggroupare
involvedwiththeCPCI
Theirecologicalrangecondi=onisinhighfairtoexcellentrange
condi=on
Mosthavebigbluestemineverypasture
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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GrazingManagement
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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PrescribedBurning
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Fencing
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Fencing
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Fencing
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Fencing
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Fencing
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Fencing
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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WaterDevelopment
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
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BrushControl
B h C l
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BrushControl
B h C t l
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BrushControl
B h C l
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BrushControl
B h C t l
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BrushControl
B h C t l
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BrushControl
B h C l
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BrushControl
B h C t l
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BrushControl
B h C t l
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BrushControl
B h C t l
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BrushControl
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat
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WildlifeHabitat
Wildlife Habitat Management
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WildlifeHabitatManagement
Wildlife Habitat Management
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WildlifeHabitatManagement
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
Na=veGrassPlan=ng
Grass Plan=ng
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GrassPlan=ng
Grass Plan=ng
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GrassPlan=ng
Grass Plan=ng
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GrassPlan=ng
GrassPlan=ng
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g
GrassPlan=ng
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g
Grass Plan=ng
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GrassPlan=ng
Grass Plan=ng
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GrassPlan=ng
Ca.le Ranching on the Prairie
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Ca.leRanchingonthePrairie
TheEnd
