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PRECIPITATION
PRECIPITATION
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PrecipitationPrecipitationThree types of precipitation:
• RELIEF PRECIPITATION
• CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
• CYCLONIC PRECIPITATION
Three types of precipitation:
• RELIEF PRECIPITATION
• CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
• CYCLONIC PRECIPITATION
Why does precipitation occur?
Why does precipitation occur?
•Air cools as it rises
•As air cools, water vapour condenses more than it evaporates
•Air cools as it rises
•As air cools, water vapour condenses more than it evaporates
Why does air rise?Why does air rise?1. It rises to cross an area of high elevation.
This causes RELIEF PRECIPITATION
2. It rises because it has absorbed heat from the earth’s surface. This causes CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
3. It rises because there is a cooler, denser air mass flowing beneath it that forces it up. This causes CYCLONIC PRECIPITATION.
1. It rises to cross an area of high elevation. This causes RELIEF PRECIPITATION
2. It rises because it has absorbed heat from the earth’s surface. This causes CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
3. It rises because there is a cooler, denser air mass flowing beneath it that forces it up. This causes CYCLONIC PRECIPITATION.
RELIEF PRECIPITATIONRELIEF PRECIPITATION
• Mountain barriers create relief precipitation• As the moist air rises up the slope of a mountain,
it expands and cools• As the air cools, the rate of evaporation
decreases while the rate of condensation increases
• The result is water droplets in the air• The heavier and more condense the droplets become, rain falls
• In colder temperatures, water vapour condenses to snow
• Mountain barriers create relief precipitation• As the moist air rises up the slope of a mountain,
it expands and cools• As the air cools, the rate of evaporation
decreases while the rate of condensation increases
• The result is water droplets in the air• The heavier and more condense the droplets become, rain falls
• In colder temperatures, water vapour condenses to snow
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RELIEF PRECIPITATIONRELIEF PRECIPITATION
CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATIONCONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
• Very common in summer• Common in location such as the Prairie provinces,
Ontario and Québec• The land is subject to intense heating• As the ground heats up, the air above it rises• As it rises it expands and cools• The water vapour within it condenses, forming puffy
white clouds• As more water vapour condenses into these clouds,
the clouds develop vertically and water droplets get larger and larger
• Very common in summer• Common in location such as the Prairie provinces,
Ontario and Québec• The land is subject to intense heating• As the ground heats up, the air above it rises• As it rises it expands and cools• The water vapour within it condenses, forming puffy
white clouds• As more water vapour condenses into these clouds,
the clouds develop vertically and water droplets get larger and larger
CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATIONCONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
• At high altitudes, the water droplets may even freeze, forming ice pellets (hailstones)
• The weight of the water droplets or hailstones cause them to fall to the ground, often violent downpours
• At high altitudes, the water droplets may even freeze, forming ice pellets (hailstones)
• The weight of the water droplets or hailstones cause them to fall to the ground, often violent downpours
CONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATIONCONVECTIONAL PRECIPITATION
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CYCLONICPRECIPITATION
CYCLONICPRECIPITATION
• A cyclonic storm (also known as a front) is a large, low-pressure system that forms when a warm air mass and a cold air mass collide
• This often occurs under the polar-front jet stream which separates cold dry arctic air from warm, moist tropical air
• The rotation of the earth causes the air to circulate in a counterclockwise direction
• A cyclonic storm (also known as a front) is a large, low-pressure system that forms when a warm air mass and a cold air mass collide
• This often occurs under the polar-front jet stream which separates cold dry arctic air from warm, moist tropical air
• The rotation of the earth causes the air to circulate in a counterclockwise direction
CYCLONICPRECIPITATION
CYCLONICPRECIPITATION
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