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7/25/2019 Climate Change 1-Physical Factors
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Higher Geography - Atmosphere
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGEGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
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Note 1 - the graph shows a steady rise in
global temperature.
Note 2 - since 1860 this temperature
rise has only been about 1C
Note 2 - since 1860 this temperature
rise has only been about 1C
Note 3 - here ha!e also been
cooler than a!erage years.
Note 3 - here ha!e also been
cooler than a!erage years.
Note " -the ya#is does not showthe actual temperature - it shows
the di$$erence $rom the a!erage%
Note " -the ya#is does not showthe actual temperature - it shows
the di$$erence $rom the a!erage%
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Physical Factors
olar !ariatio"
#olca"ic acti!ity
Ocea" c$rre"ts
Mila"%o!itchcycles
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
H$ma" Factors
B$r"i"g &ossil &$els
I"crease' o$tp$t o&
metha"e etc(
)e&orestatio"
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PH*ICAL +-OLA, #A,IATION
he sun&s output !aries slightly $rom time to time
- its si'e is e!en (nown to change by a $raction
as it e#pands and contracts.
he sun&s output !aries slightly $rom time to time
- its si'e is e!en (nown to change by a $raction
as it e#pands and contracts.
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PH*ICAL + - OLA, #A,IATION
)unspots* an increase
in sunspot acti!ity maylead to a !ery slight
increase in the sun&s
output and a temporary
warming o$ the earth.
)unspot acti!ity
$ollows 11 and 22 year
cycles.
he Little Ice Ageo$1"+0-1,00 may ha!e
been lin(ed to periods o$
!ery low sunspot
acti!ity.
)unspots* an increasein sunspot acti!ity may
lead to a !ery slight
increase in the sun&s
output and a temporary
warming o$ the earth.
)unspot acti!ity
$ollows 11 and 22 year
cycles.
he Little Ice Ageo$1"+0-1,00 may ha!e
been lin(ed to periods o$
!ery low sunspot
acti!ity.
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PH*ICAL - #OLCANIC E,.PTION
Er$ptio"s o& !olca"oes
ca" thro/ millio"s o&to""es o& ash0'$st a"'
sulphur dioxide i"to
the atmosphere(
This pro'$ces aerosolsthat ca" re'$ce the
amo$"t o& s$"light
reachi"g the earth(
This ca" lea' to a
temporary cooli"g o&
the earth(
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#OLCANIC E,.PTION
Ma1or er$ptio"s i" the past /hichha!e 2ee" li"%e' to short perio's o&
glo2al cooli"g i"cl$'e
Tambora (1815), Krakatoa
(1883), Mt. St Helens(18!) and "inatubo
(11)
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hen t.
/inatuboerupted in 11
an estimated 22
million tons o$
ash was thrown
into the
atmosphere
cooling the
world&s climate
by about 1C.
hen t.
/inatubo
erupted in 11
an estimated 22
million tons o$
ash was thrown
into theatmosphere
cooling the
world&s climate
by about 1C.
hen amboraerupted in 181+
it led to 1816
being called th
year withoutsummer when
summer $rosts
and other ma4or
weather
problems were
e#perienced. 5t
cooled the
global climate b
3C.
hen amboraerupted in 181+
it led to 1816
being called th
year withoutsummer when
summer $rosts
and other ma4or
weather
problems weree#perienced. 5t
cooled the
global climate b
3C.
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PH*ICAL 3 - MILAN4O#ITCH C*CLE
tretch0 5o22le
a"' ,oll666
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Mila"%o!itchcycles are three
!ariatio"s i" theearth7s or2it(Altho$gh theymay 2e li"%e' to
!ery lo"g termcha"ges i" theclimate0 theire&&ect /o$l' "ot2e "otice' o" ascale o& a &e/h$"'re' years(
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PH*ICAL 8 - OCEAN C.,,ENT
Cha"ges i" the patter" a"' stre"gth o& ocea"c$rre"ts may lea' to cha"ges i" the
'istri2$tio" o& heat aro$"' the pla"et(
A short term e9ample /o$l' 2e #l $i%o0
/hich appears e!ery &e/ years(
A lo"ger term e9ample /o$l' 2e the$orth
&tlanti' rit0 /hich may cha"ge positio"
e!ery &e/ tho$sa"' years(
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ENO - the El Ni:o o$ther" Oscillatio"
n El Nioyearn El Nioyear
7!ery 2-, years the western/aci$ic becomes much
warmer disrupting weather
patterns - possibly on a
global scale.
7!ery 2-, years the western/aci$ic becomes much
warmer disrupting weather
patterns - possibly on a
global scale.
he normal
conditions with cool
sur$ace water o$$ the
coast o$ /eru.
he normalconditions with cool
sur$ace water o$$ the
coast o$ /eru.
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ne theory
suggests
that globalwarming will
increase the
number o$
icebergs in
the tlantic
cooling the
sea and
switching o$$
the North
tlantic
9ri$t :tlantic
Con!eyor
system. his
would be bad
news $or us%
ne theory
suggests
that global
warming will
increase the
number o$
icebergs in
the tlantic
cooling thesea and
switching o$$
the North
tlantic
9ri$t :tlantic
Con!eyor
system. his
would be bad
news $or us%
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he tlantic
Con!eyor systemis part o$ a global
circulation o$
water and heat
energy.
he tlantic
Con!eyor system
is part o$ a global
circulation o$
water and heat
energy.