Date post: | 19-Jan-2015 |
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Outline
• About GCBL - Climate Change Project
• Cleveland Carbon Fund
• CO2 Emissions Overview – US, Ohio, NEO
• Building Sector CO2 Emissions
• Action Plans, BOMA Goals
• CMNH – Inventory, Energy Audit, Actions
• Questions
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Partners
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Cleveland Carbon Fund
• Community Partners– Sustainability program and goals
– Commitment to reducing emissions and promoting Fund within organization and with customers
– Contact [email protected] for more information
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CO2 Emissions Overview
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CO2 Stabilization TriangleS
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Source: Princeton Stabilization Wedges, http://www.princeton.edu/~cmi/resources/stabwedge.htm
Examples of Wedges:
1. Efficient vehicles2. Reduced use of vehicles3. Efficient buildings4. Efficient coal power plants5. Gas instead of coal power plants6. Capture CO2 at baseloadpower plant7. Nuclear power for coal power8. Wind power for coal power9. PV power for coal power10. Capture CO2 at H2 plant11. Capture CO2 at coal-to-synfuels plant12. Wind H2 in fuel-cell car for gasoline in hybrid car
CO2 Stabilization Wedges
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.US emits 7 billion tons of CO2 equivalents per year
(excluding land use and forestry changes)
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Perspective…The United States emits 20% of world’s CO2 emissions.
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1. Charting the Midwest: An Inventory and Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in America’s Heartland, World Resources Institute, October 2007, p.2.
“The Midwest is responsible for 5 percent of global GHGs – a contribution larger than all countries, except China, Russia, and India”1
Ohio: 280 – 300 Million Tons of CO2 e emissions
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U.S. Energy Use
INDUSTRY25%
TRANSPORTATION27%
BUILDINGS48%
Source: Energy Information Administration Statistics (Architecture 2030)
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Collateral Benefits of Action• Climate Change is the big issue, but sustainable development
practices can help achieve other goals related to:
– Air emissions
– Stormwater runoff
– Materials conservation
– Land and habitat conservation
– Save $
– Economic and community development
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Northeast Ohio Emissions
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Northeast Ohio CO2 Emissions by Sector
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7-County Buildings Emissions
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Energy Pricing Trends
Solar Photovoltaic Industry: Solar PV industry outlook and economicsDeutsche Bank, May 27, 2008
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How many nuclear plants would we need in 2030?
http://www.gcbl.org/energy/regional-agenda/climate-change/transition-plans/energy-transition-plan/can-nuclear-power-meet-our-needs-for-co2-
free-powe
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Abatement cost <$50/ton
U.S. mid-range abatement curve (McKinsey – 2030)
Source: McKinsey analysis
0
0 1.0 1.2 1.4
90
1.8 2.00.2 2.2 2.4
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2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2
60
-120
-220
-30
-60
1.6
-90
Cost
Real 2005 dollars per ton CO2e
0.4 0.6 0.8
-230
Residential electronics
Commercial electronics
Residential buildings –Lighting
Commercial buildings –
LED lighting
Fuel economy packages – Cars
Commercial buildings –CFL lighting
Cellulosic
biofuels
Industry –Combined heat and power
Existing power plant conversion efficiency improvements
Conservation tillage
Fuel economy packages – Light trucks
Commercial buildings –Combined heat and power
Coal mining –Methane mgmt
Commercial buildings –Control systems
Distributed
solar PV
Residential buildings –Shell retrofits
Nuclear new-build
Natural gas and petroleum systems management
Active forest management
Afforestation of pastureland
Reforestation
Winter cover crops
Onshore wind – Medium penetration
Coal power plants – CCS new builds with EOR
Biomass power –Cofiring
Onshore wind –
High penetration
Industry –CCS new builds on carbon-intensive processes
Coal power plants – CCS new builds
Coal power plants –CCS rebuilds
Coal-to-gas shift – dispatch of existing plants
Car hybridi-zation
Commercial buildings –HVAC equipment efficiency
Solar CSP
Residential buildings –HVAC equipment efficiency
Industrial process improve-ments
Residential water heaters
Manufacturing –HFCs mgmt
Residential buildings –New shell improvements
Coal power plants–CCS rebuilds with EOR
Potential
Gigatons/year
Commercial buildings –New shell improvements
Afforestation of cropland
Onshore wind –
Low penetration
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BOMA Goals
• Decrease energy consumption 30% by 2012
• Benchmark with Energy Star
• Education
• Perform energy audit
• Extend equipment life
• Lead in community
• Position as leaders and solution providers
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Energy Star Program
• Homes are at least 15% more energy efficient than homes built to the 2004 International Residential Code (IRC), and include additional energy-saving features that typically make them 20–30% more efficient than standard homes.
• “Tried and True” approach.
• Utilize existing and proven technologies to achieve:
– Effective Insulation
– High Performance Windows
– Building and Duct Sealing
– Efficient HVAC Systems
– Efficient Products
– Third Party Verification (Builder Option Package – choose climate specific solutions)
Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_homes.nh_features
Commercial and industrial facilities are scored on a 1-100 scale and those facilities that achieve a score of 75 or higher are eligible for the ENERGY STAR, indicating that they are among the top 25% of facilities in the country for energy performance.
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$14 billion$5 billionNet Savings (USD)
170 billion62 billionEnergy Saved (kWh)Annual Results
3,200545Buildings Labeled
30,0004,200Buildings RatedCommercial Buildings
3,5001,600Home Builders
725,00025,000New Homes BuiltNew Homes
90025Retailers (partners)
68%40%Public Awareness
40,00011,000Product Models
50+40Product Categories
2 billion +600 millionProducts Sold
Qualified Products
20062000Indicator
Energy Star Program Key Indicators
Energy Star Program Results
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Energy Star Program
2007 Energy Star Homes by State
Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=qhmi.showHomesMarketIndex
Over 120,000 new homes earned the ENERGY STAR in 2007.
This is equivalent to:Eliminating the emissions from 60,000 vehiclesSaving 355,680,000 lbs of coalPlanting 97,000 acres of treesSaving home owners $54 million on their utility bills
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Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET)
Approved by the RESNET Board of Directors.
Status
HERS Index of 85 in climate zones 1–5HERS Index of 80 in climate zones 6–8
ENERGY STAR Requirement
Heating, cooling, water heating, lighting, appliances, and onsite power generation*
Energy Use Considered
Each 1% increase in energy efficiency corresponds to a 1-point decrease in HERS Index
Scale
2006 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC)
Reference Home Basis
Reference Home is assigned a HERS Index of 100, while a net zero energy home is assigned a HERS Index of 0
Reference Home Score
HERS Index
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Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Carbon FootprintEnergy AuditAction Steps
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CMNH Carbon Footprint (2007)
100.00%4,560.152,587.80TOTAL
17.12%780.97,731.90Scope 3 Totals
6.40%291.93,496.40Scope 2 T&D Losses
1.54%70.2-Solid Waste
1.02%46.5646.8Other Directly Financed Travel
3.95%179.9913.1Faculty/Staff Air Travel
0.47%21.6300.3Volunteer Commuting
3.75%170.82,375.30Faculty/ Staff CommutingScope 3
64.73%2,951.6035,352.60Scope 2 Totals
64.73%2,951.6035,352.60Purchased ElectricityScope 2
18.15%827.559,503.22Scope 1 Totals
7.07%322.3 -Refrigerants
0.20%9.3 129.9 Direct Transportation
10.88%495.9 9,373.3 Other On-Campus StationaryScope 1
%eCO
2(Metric Tonnes)
Energy Consumption(MMBtu)
GreenCityBlueLake Institute Analysis utilizing Clean Air-Cool Planet Calculator
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CMNH Electricity Audit
CMNH Hours of Operation vs. Electricity Consumption
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Ho
urs
of
Op
era
tio
n
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
kW
h
2008 Hours of Operation
2008 kWh
18 yr Average kWh
2007 kWh
2005 kWh
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CMNH Electricity Audit
• Lighting Load (25% of total)
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CMNH Electricity Audit
• Motors / HVAC (65% of total)
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CMNH Electricity Audit
• Plug Load (10% of total)
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CMNH Action Steps
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Questions
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How effective do you think the carbon credits or renewable energy credits can be?
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How effective do you think the carbon credits or renewable energy credits can be?
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What impact can we make by planting trees or by not cutting them down to vacuum up the CO2 in the atmosphere?
• Each acre of land can absorb between .5 and 5 tons of CO2 per year depending on plantings and soil
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How significant is the removal of tropical rainforests and other forests compared to automobile exhaust in terms of rising CO2 levels?