Date post: | 25-May-2015 |
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Climate refers to the sum total of weather condition and variation over a large area
for a long period of time.Weather refers to the state of the
atmosphere over an area at any point of time.the elements of weather and climate are the same,temperature,atmospheric
pressure ,wind ,humidity and precipitation.The climate of india is described as the
monsoon.
FACTORS AFFECTING INDIAN CLIMATEFACTORS AFFECTING INDIAN CLIMATE
RELATED TO LOCATION & RELIEF
RELATED TO AIR PRESSURE & WIND
•Latitude•Latitude
•The Himalayan Mt.•The Himalayan Mt.
•Distribution of Land & water•Distribution of Land & water
•Distance from Sea•Distance from Sea
•Altitude•Altitude
•Relief•Relief
Surface pressure & windSurface pressure & wind
Upper air circulationUpper air circulation
Western cyclonesWestern cyclones
Climatic Controls
• There are six major controls of the climate of any places .
• They are : latitude, altitude pressure and wind system, distance form the sea, ocean currents and relief features .
550C temperature in June
Tawang 190C in June
Drass -450C in December night
Tiruvanantapuram & Chennai 200C in December night
Kerala Diurnal range of
temperature 80C
Thar desert Diurnal range of temperature 300C
Cherrapunji & Mawsynram have
1080cm rain
MONSOON REGIME IS THE UNITY OF INDIAMONSOON REGIME IS THE UNITY OF INDIA
Jaisalmer receives 9cm
rainfall
TIBET
JET STREAM IN WINTERJET STREAM IN WINTER
15th O
ctobe
r
7th O
ctobe
r30th S
ept.
15th S
ept.
7th S
ept.
WITHDRAWAL OF MONSOONWITHDRAWAL OF MONSOON
RHYTHM OF SEASONSRHYTHM OF SEASONS
COLD WEATHERCOLD WEATHER
RETREATING MONSOONRETREATING MONSOONHOT WEATHERHOT WEATHER
ADVANCEING MONSOONADVANCEING MONSOON
HOT WEATHER SEASONHOT WEATHER SEASON
► It extends from March to May.
► Vertical sun rays shift towards Northern hemisphere.
► Temperature rises gradually from south to north.
► Highest Temperature experiences in Karnataka in March, Madhya Pradesh in April and Rajastan in May.
► It extends from March to May.
► Vertical sun rays shift towards Northern hemisphere.
► Temperature rises gradually from south to north.
► Highest Temperature experiences in Karnataka in March, Madhya Pradesh in April and Rajastan in May.
March 300CMarch 300C
April 380CApril 380C
May 480CMay 480C
► It extends from October to November
► Vertical sun rays start shifting towards Northern hemisphere.
► Low pressure region shift from northern parts of India towards south.
► Owing to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the weather becomes rather oppressive. This is commonly known as the ‘October heat’
► It extends from October to November
► Vertical sun rays start shifting towards Northern hemisphere.
► Low pressure region shift from northern parts of India towards south.
► Owing to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the weather becomes rather oppressive. This is commonly known as the ‘October heat’
RETREATING MONSOON SEASONRETREATING MONSOON SEASON
LOW PRESSURE
Rhythm of SeasonsRhythm of Seasons
• Parts of western coast and northeastern India receive over about 400cm in of rainfall anually.It is less than 60cm in western Rajasthan and adjoining parts of Gujarat ,Haryana and Punjab.While area of high rainfalls are effected by floods area of low rainfall are drought-prone.
DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALLDISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL
> 200cm
100-200cm
50-100 cm
< 50cm
► The variability of rainfall is computed with the help of the following formula: C.V.= Standard Deviation/ Mean * 100
► Variability of less than 25% exist in Western coasts, Western Ghats, northeastern peninsula, eastern plain of the Ganga, northern India, Uttaranchal, SW J & K & HP.
► Variability of more then 50% found in Western Rajastan, J & K and interior parts of Deccan.
► Region with high rainfall has less variability.
► The variability of rainfall is computed with the help of the following formula: C.V.= Standard Deviation/ Mean * 100
► Variability of less than 25% exist in Western coasts, Western Ghats, northeastern peninsula, eastern plain of the Ganga, northern India, Uttaranchal, SW J & K & HP.
► Variability of more then 50% found in Western Rajastan, J & K and interior parts of Deccan.
► Region with high rainfall has less variability.
VARIABILITY OF RAINFALLVARIABILITY OF RAINFALL