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the left half of the body was then ruhbed with half a drachmof chrysophanic acid to one ounce of lard, whilst the righthalf was rubbed with two drachms of oil of turpentine toone ounce of olive oil. The strength of each preparationwas increased every few days, until pure turpentine was ap-plied on the right side, and chrysophanic acid, one drachm tothe ounce, was used to the left ; and in twelve days fromthe time this strength was reached the whole eruption onboth sides had disappeared with the exception of a few sputson the shoulder. As far as rapidity of action was con-

cerned there did not seem any advantage of one applicationover the other; there was a little tingling with the turpen-tine, whilst the chrysophanic acid produced staining of theclothes and skin. Dr. Crocker brought this case forward asan evidence of the success attending a penetrating stimulantto the skin, and believed that any stimulant of that kindwas efficacious in removing the eruption of psoriasis; theonly internal treatment was an alkaline expectorant, as theman had slight bronchitis, and towards the end some per-chloride of iron. No arsenic was given. The case was undertreatment thirty-three days.-Dr. DOWSE referred to theadvantage of the treatment of psoriasis with india-rubbersheeting, and questioned the safety of turpentine applica-tions.-Dr. GILBART SMITH had had a patient under hiscare suffering from marked psoriasis, whose previous attackhad been treated by numerous methods, india-rubber sheetingamong the number. A speedy removal of the eruptionfollowed the daily application of an ointment composed of

chrysophanic acid, half drachm to the ounce. A certainamount of conjunctivitis was present while under treat-ment, but gave no uneasiness.—Dr. GIBBON recommendedthe use of tar.-Dr. CROCKER replied he had never knownstrangury occur from the use of turpentine in this wayover a large surface.

CLINICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

Partial Disease of the Nuclei of Motor Roots of the FifthNerves.-Quiescent Scirrhus of Bi-east.-E2-ythenia andHerpes Iris.THE ordinary meeting of this Society was held on Feb.

25th, Dr. Althaus, vice-president, in the chair.Dr. HILTON FAGGE read notes of a case of Paralysis due

to partial disease of the Nuclei of the Motor Roots of theFifth Nerve. W. B-, aged forty-one, was admitted intoGuy’s Hospital on Oct. 18th, 1880, on account of an in-ability to close the jaws. He said that three months ago he

began to experience difficulty in holding anything tightlybetween the teeth, and that afterwards he could not bite hisfood well. The loss of power gradually increased, until threeweeks ago he became quite unable to bring his teeth to-gether. He also had difficulty in swallowing, and liquidsreturned through the nose. The drop of the jaw was stillslowly becoming more marked. He was a strong, healthy-looking man, but his expression was vacant, and his featureshad lost much of their play. This, however, was not dueto any defect of the seventh nerves (for he could whistle atune perfectly well), but to separation of the jaws. Whenhe tried to bring the upper and the lower teeth together he- could not do it ; the temporal muscles could, in fact, bescarcely felt to contract, and the masseters acted veryslightly. The excitability of these muscles to the continn-ous current was much impaired, and they were obviouslywasted. Yet the lateral movements of the lower jaw per-formed by the external pterygoid muscles were normal. Oninspection of the fauces, the soft palate was seen to movesymmetrically during inspiration, but the left side of the

palatine arch was dropped, and narrower than the right side.It appeared clear, theretore, that the case, which (so far asDr. Fagge knew) was unique, was one of a partial lesionof the motor nuclei of the fifth nerves, comparable with ibulbar paralysis, and with Mr. Hutchinson’s " ophthalmo-plegia externa;" and, as in the last-named disease, thecause was possibly syphilis, for the man had, twenty yearspreviously, had gonorrhoea and a bubo, and his wife, towhom he had been married nineteen years, was never

pregnant. Another noteworthy symptom was the presenceof sugar, to the amount of 54:’7 grains per ounce, in theurine, which was of specific gravity 1049. He also com-plained of slight occasional diplopia, and the muscles of

the arms and the extensor muscles of the forearms werefound to have a diminished capability of reacting both tocontinuous and to faradaic currents. He was ordered totake one-twelfth of a grain of bichloride of mercury and twograins of iodide of potassium, three times a day. Under thistreatment he rapidly improved, and he refused to stay inthe hospital after the 5th of November.-Dr. ALTHAUSsaid that such affection of the motor portion of the fifth nervewas rare ; and the question to determine was whether the lesionwere basal or central. The singular involvement of the thirdnerve pointed to the base ; whereas the bilateral character ofthe affection was in favour of its being central. He had seena case, obviously inflammatory, of bilateral affection of thewhole fifth nerve. In that case the pterygoids were paralysed.There was also tinnitus aurium, which he attributed toparalysis of the tensor tympani, it being supplied by theauricular branch of the fifth. There was also paralysis of thepalate. Was the pupil affected in Dr. Fagge’s case? Aftersection of the fifth nerve in the skull there is contraction ofthe pupil followed by dilatation, and then sluggishness.—Dr. DOWSE had not much doubt that the disease involvedthe fifth nerve ; but the difficulty in swallowing, &c., seemedto point to involvement of the roots of the vagi and glosso-pharyngeal ; and the slight loss of power in the muscles ofthe forearm was a further indication of the downward ex-tension of the lesion. The condition resembled those dueto pachymeningitis or bulbarparalysis.-Dr. PoORE thoughtthere was slight deviation of the tongue to the right side.Did the muscles give the degenerative reaction to galvan-ism or the OIdinary reaction to faradaism ?-Mr. GODLEEpointed out that the buccinator acted fairly well.-Dr.FAGGE, in reply, said that no increased susceptibility to gal-vanism was obtained. There was no mention in the reportof tinnitus or of the condition of the pupils. He consideredthe case allied to bulbar paralysis, progressive muscularatrophy, and ophthalmoplegia externa, and that the changeinvolved the xuclei of the motor roots of the fifth nerve.Mr. J. W. TEALE (of Scarborough) read notes of a case of

Quiescent Scirrhus of the Breast. A lady, aged fifty-three,a widow, noticed eleven years ago a small, hard, painfullump in the left breast. The surgeon whom she consultedadvised its removal, and Mr. Teale, who saw her soon after,considered it malignant, and gave the same advice. Allidea of operation was declined. The tumour gradually in-creased, becoming adherent to the ribs : the nipple was re-tracted and then obliterated. Pain, which was often excru-ciating, was relieved by morphia, taken up to four grainsdaily, and sleep obtained by chloral in increasing doses upto sixty grains. She became emaciated, feeble, bedridden,and apparently at death’s door, living for two years on milkonly. Eventually, the chloral having been discontinued,owing to the distressing nervous symptoms to which it gaverise, a gradual change in the symptoms took place. Thebodily health began slowly to improve, wl11lst the tumour

began to shrivel, the discharge ceased, and the pain graduallydiminished. Mr. Teale reported that during the last fiveyears the patient has remained well and fairly strong, andable to walk some miles daily. She has gradually resumedordinary diet and modes of living, and takes less thanhalf of a grain of morphia daily, whilst the present con-dition of the shrivelled breast-tumour was shown by a photo-graph recently taken, which Mr. Teale exhibited to theSooety. Mr. Teale raised the question whether theextremely debilitated condition to which the patienthad been reduced, and her enforced low diet, hadnot determined the retrogression of the disease. - Dr.ALTHAUS said no doubt such cases did occur; they wereclassed by Nelaton under the head of ’’retrogressivescirrhus. "-Dr. C. T. ’VILLIAMS, alluding to the fact thatchloral was abandoned because of the presence of severs

nervous symptoms, asked whether these symptoms werereally due to that drug. He had often given large doseswithout serious effect. An old gentleman of seveuty-four,the subject of mitral disease, took half a drachm of chloralevery night for six months without a bad symptom. In acase of spasmodic asthma he had given fifteen grains everyfour, and then every six hours, for fifteen daBs ; the asthmawas subdued, but a purpuric rash appeared.—Mr. TEALEsaid that it seemed to him that the chloral was the cause ofthe bad symptoms, which disappeared on its being discon-tinued.-Dr. ALTHAfS had recorded in the Clinical Society’sTransactions a case where a patient took as much as 120to 180 grains in the twenty-four hours, causing total destruc-

I tion of appetite. The chloral was suddenly stopped without

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ill effects; but ultimately the patient recurred to the drug spring and autumn, and often in the eame mouth in any oneand died.-Dr. FAGGE pointed out the great difficulty there case; (2) to attack children and young adults of either sex;was in chronic cancer of discovering the epithelioid elements; (3) to develop symmetrically, the hauds and feet beingand he had long thought those cases where hard masses or especially attacked, though in rare instances it was uni.strictures occur-(e.g., in bile-duct or intestine), the disease versal ; and, finally, to run its course in a few weeks, appa-was really malignant, although the epithelial elements were rently uninfluenced by treatment.not visible in the mass itself The existence of distinct Dr. F. TAYLOR read notes of cases of Erythema and Herpessecondary growths often settled the question. The burden of Iris. - CASE 1. A man aged forty, previously in goodproof lay with those who asserted these were fibrous strictures health, was seized one day while at wmk with violentrather than fibroid cancers.—Mr. GODLEE asked whether sneezing and watering of the eyes, and in the morning foundthe condition of the axillary glands had at all altered.- his gums and palate becoming swollen, and could only openMr. WARRINGTON HAWARD said the photograph was sug- his mouth with difficulty. These symptoms suhsided in twogestive of a long-continued growth which had undergone days and an eruption appeared. It commenced on the leftdegeneration. Aualogous cases were seen in cancer of the thigh in the form of blisters, to the number of twelve orrectum, where the growth often exists a long time, and more, about the size of a shilling piece, containing a wateryeventually becomes of fibrous nature. Had the arrest of the fluid. The following day it appeared on both 1,-g,-; and arms,disease any relation to the prostration and inanition ? His and he had at the same time a burning sensation in his feetown impression was that it was better not to press food on and pains in the joints. The eruptiou then spread to thecancer patients, lest the growth be stimulated. A lady seen head, face, and trunk, the abdomen being the only partby Sir James Paget, suffering from cancer of the breast, and spared. When seen on the eighth day of its appearancetaking very little food in consequence of becoming addicted the eruption consisted of vesicles and buliae of various sizes,to morphia, became emaciated and very weak. For two and for the most part arranged in a circular manner, so asyears and a half the cancer gradually ulcerated, until at last to include an area of comparatively healthy skin as in aonly a large open wound was left, showing no tendency to ring of blister. Some such rings were formed of fix to eightheal, but giving rise to a small quantity of foul discharge, isolated small vesicles with clear contents ; others of oneAt the end of five years from the commencement, another continuous bulla of vesication of completely circular form,growth appeared in the opposite breast, which progressed. the contents being then mostly deep pink or purple. In manyvery slowly for about another year. She was still taking places the circles had coalesced and formed irregular figures>morphia, but now began to take also large quantities of and some circles. and patches measured as much as twobrandy. Coincidently with this the growth made rapid inches in diameter. The bullse were upon a slightly in-progress, infiltrated the skin, invaded the lung and pleura, flamed base. The face was much swollen in the early stageand led to death. The practical inference was that it is of the eruption. There was no itching, but ouly a burningbetter to starve rather than feed the subjects of malignant sensation on its first appearance. He began rapidly todisease.-Mr. TEALE, in reply, said in his case the nervous improve without special treatment. After becom-symptoms and prostration disappeared on leaving off the ing full of dark sanguineous fluid, the bulla burst,chloral, but the morphia was continued. The symptoms in the secretion drying into a dark scab or leaving an

the case attributed to chloralism were those of incipient open ulcer. These ulcers were slow in healing, and haveinsanity. The axillary glands had remained in a perfectly left several scars, reproducing more or less accurately thestationary condition. The diagnosis of cancer was confirmed consecutive and ringed shape of the original bullce. Theyby Mr. Teale of Leeds, who had no doubt as to its nature. are numerous on the arms, forearms, thighs, and legs. The

Dr. RADCLIFFE CROCKER described four cases of Ery- duration of the bullous stage was about three weeks, but thethema or Herpes Iris, one of which had been shown to the healing of the ulcers took much longer. Two years haveSociety at a previous meeting, and another was brought to now elapsed, and there has been no recurrence.-CAsE 2. Athe present meeting to show the scars which sometimes child aged five months, recently vaccinated. Ten days

result from this affection. A wax model of a typical case after the operation the eruption began as pimples on awas also exhibited. W. G-, aged twenty-three, a red surface completely surrounding the vaccination crusts,butcher, had suffered from three attacks, and though there and, subsequently, spots appeared on the arms, chest;was no evidence to show what led to the first attack, which abdomen, and back. The spots or patches were oval oroccurred during a voyage to the Cape, subsequently errors circular, touching each other by their borders, but notin diet aggravated or determined an outbreak. His general running freely together, of bright pink colour, with deeperhealth was good, excepting a tendency to constipation. red, very narrow, more prominent margin. In the centre ofThe eruption appeared most abundantly upon the hands manv was a bright red spot or pimple, and vesicles formedand feet, especially the fingers and toes, but other parts of both in the central papule and at the margin of the patch.the limbs, and now the lower parts of the trunk were some- The child was seen on three successive days, on the last oftimes affected. The lesions were symmetrical, though often which the patches were fading.—CASE 3. A boy aged nineone patch was nearly well before the corresponding one on years, who was generally delicate and had suffered fromthe other limb appeared. Each began as a flat red papule cough and weakness for three months. He presented anabout one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter, with a red eruption on the chest, abdomen, neck, back, and lower ex-areola of about half an inch. Sometimes a pustule appeared tremities, consisting of patches about half an inch in dia-on the papule, which ruptured, and a brownish-pink zone meter, with a central yellow crust ; around this was anappeared round it, and outside that a white one, the patch elevated riug, and upon this again small vesicles. The

increasing hy the formation of fresh rings varying from vesicles dried up into crusts, and around them formed freshwhite to pink or bluish-red tints, and reaching to about the rings of redness with new vesicles upon them ; andsize of a florin ; the rings then broke up, and the patch their contents, at fi) st serous, became purulent, and thengradually faded, leaving a purplish-red stain, which lasted discharged and formed scabs. When the crusts separatedfor some time. The eruption was attended with burning the skin beneath them had a brownish stain. The eruptionand itching, but the general health was unaffected. Dr. lasted about six months. Dr. Taylor remarked that theseCrocker alluded to the other varieties of this affection. might be regarded as three different forms of the diseaseThus, in some no central vesicle or pustule was formed, known as erythema iris, herpes iris, or hydroa; and furtherbut only a flat papule, which became depressed in the defined by Mr. Hutchinson as a vesicular form of erythemacentre, and concentric rings spread from that. On the multiforme. In the case of the infant it was distinctly aother hand, there might be a large vesicle, or even bulla, vesicating erythema papulatum, or circinatum ; in the boyin the centre, with concentric rings of vesicles, which gave the vesicular characters were more marked; in the adultrise to the name " herpes iris." The tint of the rings in all (Case 1) the vesicles appeared before the redness, a featurevaried from white to various pink and bluish shades of red. characteristic of hydroa according to Baziu. In the suddenThese variations depended mainly upon the quantity of fluid outbreak, spontaneous disappearance, symmetrical distri-effused into the tissues. In the child, which attended the bution, and in the co-existing inflammatory dil’ltm bance ofmeeting, the eruption began as rings of erythema an inch in the joints, it also resembled cases described as hydroa. Thediameter; in a few days these disappeared simultaneously large size of the bullae would have suggested the namewith an outbreak of bullae of large size, around which came pemphigus, as pemphigus circinatus, or serpiginosus.—a ring of vesicles, and the contents becoming purulent these Dr. STURGE related a case recently under his care. Thedried into scabs, which left the deep disfiguring scars now patient was a lad six years old, who had been ailing forvisible. Speaking generally, the noticeable features of the ten days when first seen. He had a temperature of 1020,affection were : (1) its tendency to recur, especially in the and at the end of six days in hospital numerous papules and

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vesicles appeared on the legs in the form of rings half aninch in diameter. The patches had a red base, surroundedby a circle of vesicles; in some places a distinct bullaformed. He had also a crop of herpes on the lips, a sorethroat (with vesicles on the palate), and an attack of drypleurisy. He recovered in three weeks.-Dr. C. T. wiz-LIA3iS asked if the vaccination in one of Dr. Taylor’s caseshad anything to do with the disease.-Dr. B. O’CONNORsaid pyrexia was unusual in these cases, and in his ex-perience the rash was not generally symmetrical in thelimbs, although often on both sides of the trunk. Herpesiris was rare on the trunk. He asked Dr. Tavlor for hisexperience as to the value of arsenic in pemphigus, andmentioned the case of an infant who had been vaccinateda few months before, escaping the contagion of measles (withwhich other members of the family were afflicted), but be-coming attacked with pemphigus.-Dr. T. C. Fox protestedagainst the confusion existing with regard to the relation be-tween the erythematous and vesicular and bullous affections.The latter were only stages of tbeerythematousinflammation ;and Hebra was right in including the various phases underthe head of erythema multiforme. Vesiculation was notcommon; herpes iris was always met with on the back ofthe hands and fingers, instep, and front of the knees; andwas always combined with herpes facialis. It had a greattendency to recur, especially in the spring and autumn.-Dr. CROCKER, in reply, said symmetry was the rule in theseeruptions; although there was often a delay in the appear-ance of the rash on the opposite side to its first appearance.He did not think any treatment influenced the course of theaffection. Fever, especially in children, is a common sym-ptom, but is transitory. He agreed with Dr. Fox that thedistinction between the vesicular and erythematous rasheswas only one of degree, but he did not think herpes labialisso invariable a concomitant of the vesicular form.-Dr.TAYLOR, in reply, said he did not think the vaccination inone of his cases had anything to-do with the erythema.Arsenic did good in some cases of pemphigus ; in others itwas of no use. He gave it usually in the form of Fowler’ssolution. He thought the depth of skin affected, as well asthe intensity of the inflammation, had much to do with thevariety of eruption produced.The Society then adjourned.

ASSOCIATION OF SURGEONS PRACTISINGDENTAL SURGERY.

AT a meeting of this Association held on Wednesday,February 16th, 1881, Mr. THOMAS EDGELOW, President,’made a few remarks on taking the chair. After thank-

ing the Fellows for the honour conferred upon him, Mr.Edgelow alluded to the late meeting of the General

Council, and stated that the result of its deliberations wasthe condition and claims of the Dental Register. Theconclusions arrived at (were there no hope of obtaining anamendment or repeal of the Act, or a distinct recognitionof the status of the surgeon practising our specialty in thenew Medical Act) could not but be regarded with dismayby all interested in the welfare of the profession. TheDental Act has now so signally failed as a practical measurethat its very authors must, one would imagine, be heartilysick of it. It has even proved too comprehensive for them,and a great number of names, withdrawn from the DentalRegister at the suggestion of the British Dental Association,are now to be restored triumphantly to the lists. In fact,he regretted to state that of the five thousand and odd namesthat have been entered on this Register, one name alone hasbeen expunged try the Council. It was also settled bycounsel’s opinion that the Executive and Dental Committeeshave no power to originate -proceedings for the removal ofany name from the Register, but that all initiation of pro-ceedings to etfect this object must rest with the GeneralMedical Council itself. Another point to which he wishedto direct attention was, that only the purely dental qualifi-cation was alh’wed to appear on the Register. As long agoas December, 1878, one of the Fellows of the Association ap-plied formally t« have his surgical titles entered, but withouteffect ; and now the refu-al was pronounced by counsel tobe only in harmonv with the Dentists Act, and should con-tain no reference " to other qualifications or practice in either

medicine, surgery, or pharmacy." Thus the Dental Registerwill be very simply and easily divided into two sections-one containing only the purely dental qualification,the other no qualification appended at all. Thus thesurgeons, and those without qualifications of any kind,are to he left indiscriminately mixed up, and the licentiatesare to pass as the only true representatives of the qualifiedprofession. But while our Association has never failed torecognise that the licentiate has a distinct advantage overthe unqualified practitioner, and while it recognises andstrives at the general elevation of the profes-ion that un-doubtedly has arisen from the higher state of dental educa-tion resulting from the institution by the College of Surgeonsof its examination in matters purely dental, its very nameand constitution would forbid it to sit down quietly withoutprotesting against such an anomalous state of things. Itwill now become a matter for the personal consideration ofthose Fellows of our Association, whether under these cir-cumstances it would not be desirable for them (should theynot have done so), to withdraw their names from the DentalRegister, and to content themselves with their position onthe Medical Register. What action should he taken by thisAssociation at the present juncture will receive the carefulconsideration of the Council, and whatever form this actionmay take its action will certainly be to strengthen the bondsalready happily existing between ourselves and the medicalprofession, of which profession we have always claimed tobe an integral part ; and we shall jealou"ly watch, and tothe best of our ability oppose, any action, from what-ever source it may emanate, that would seek to loosenties which we trust and believe will prove to be indis-soluble.Mr. E. T. M. PHILLIPS of Liverpool then brought forward

the following cases :-Case 1 showed the models of the mouthof a boy aged fourteen, from whom the two roots of the firstright lower molar had been extracted, connected with whichwas a small cystic tumour, the result of an alveolar abscess.Cases 2 and 3 were examples of supernumerary teeth. Case4 showed the altered appearance of the upper laterals fromenlargement of the basal eminences. Case 5 was a verycurious condition occurring in the mouth of a young ladyaged fourteen, where, on the left side, the canine and firstbicuspid were missing, but were erupted and in normalposition on the right. Case 6 was one of rare occurrence,and was an example of the transposition of te canine and

ir first bicuspid. Mr. Phillips thought the explanation of thistransposition might be accounted for probably in the earlyremoval of the temporary canine, thus allowing the firstbicuspid to come close to the lateral incisor, and that thepermanent canine, when erupted, not having room, had

, descended between the two bicuspids. Case 7 was that of. a child aged five, and showed the presence of the super-

numerary teeth ranged in regular order with the others inl the dental arch, and it was a question which should be

considered as the supernumerary ones.’ Mr. W. A. N. CATTLIN exhibited four upper Incisori Teeth, with absorption of fangs, which were loose, andl extracted from the mouth of a young lady, aged only3seventeen.,

Mr. FRANCIS Fox brought forward an example of a,

Supernumerary Tooth, removed from the mouth of a boy,r

aged eight. The tooth was placed in the centre of theupper jaw, in the situation between the two central

incisors, which he regarded as somewhat uncommon, andraised the question whether it was a supernumerary tooth in

, relation to the milk or the permanent dentition. His

1 opinion was that it belonged to the permanent set, as such, teeth, when occurring in connexion with the deciduous series,, are generally found in the lower jaw. -

BEQUESTS AND DONATIONS TO MEDICAL CHARITIES.Mis K. G. Simmie, late of Edinburgh, bequeathed E200 tothe R’iyal Infirmary of that city. R’pley’s Hospital,Lanfaster, becomes entitled, under the will of Mrs. Ripley,to the residue of the estate, by which the income of thecharity will be raised to E12,000 a year. Mr. CharlesHargrave, late of Bayswater, bequeathed E2500 each to theMiddlex and the London Hospitils, EI500 each toSt. Thomas’s and Charing-cross Ho-’pits, £ 1000 toSt. George’s Hospital, E500 ea’-h to the R ’yal Free, St. lary’s,University Uodfge, King’s C .1Ie;!!’, loqrfielrls. Poplar, theLondon Fever, and the East London Children’s Hospitals,and the Margate Sea-bathing Infirmary.