Cloze Paragraphs - Natural Disasters Theme, Vol. 1vijaya/ssrvm/worksheetscd/getWorksheets... ·...

Teacher Workbooks

Science and Nature Series

Cloze Paragraphs Natural Disasters Theme, Vol. 1

© Copyright 2005 Teachnology Publishing Company A Division of Teachnology, Inc. For additional information, visit us at www.teachnologypublishing.com

© 2005 Teachnology, Inc. iii

Table of Contents

Theme

Tsunamis 1-10

Volcanoes 11-20

Earthquakes 21-30

Answers 31-32

SKill

6-word Cloze 1-4, 11-12, 21-24

8-word Cloze 5-7, 13-16, 25-27

10-word Cloze 8-10, 17-20, 28-30

Answers 31-32

Standard

National Science Learning Standard: Earth and Space Science: Students will develop an understanding of properties of earth materials, objects in the sky, changes in earth and sky, structure of the earth system, Earth’s history, and Earth in the solar system 1-30 Answers 31-32

Name _________________________________________ Date ____________________________ Theme: Forces of Nature Topic: Tsunamis

National Science Learning Standard: Earth and Space Science: Students will develop an understanding of properties of earth materials, objects in the sky, changes in earth and sky, structure of the earth system, Earth’s history, and

Earth in the solar system. © 2005 Teachnology, Inc.

1

Directions: Complete the paragraph below by writing the words from the word box on the spaces provided. Be sure to spell each word correctly.

Tsunamis

Word Box

tsunami geographical factors

wondered common change

Have you ever _________________ what caused a tsunami or what are sometimes called

harbor waves? Several _________________ contribute to the formation of a tsunami. One

variable is any sized seismic or ________________ disturbance. This is usually caused by a

sudden _________________ in the level of the earth’s crust just below or close by the ocean.

Another factor in the cause of a ________________ is volcanic activity. Although tsunamis may

occur in any of the world’s major oceans, they are most ________________ in the area of the

world known as the ring of fire.




2


Tsunamis

Word Box

beach geographical wind

determines earth’s rise

The waves seen on the _________________ are much differently formed than a tsunami

wave. Beach waves are caused by the strength of the _________________ blowing over the

surface of the seawater. The strength of the wind ________________ the strength of the waves.

Tsunamis are caused by a disruption of the ________________ crust in some way. This

disturbance is often a ________________ or a fall in the crust layer of the earth. Often this

_________________ change occurs under or close by the ocean.




3


Tsunamis

Word Box

tsunami one period

wave Pacific speeds

Tsunami, once formed, have the ability to travel at ________________ higher than 500

miles per hour. Traveling at that speed, a _________________ has the ability to travel across the

entire _________________ Ocean in less than 24 hours. The waves of a tsunami occur in a

series often referred to as the tsunami _________________ train. The amount of time in between

each wave is called the wave period. This wave ________________ may last anywhere from

only several minutes apart or well over _________________ hour.




4


Tsunamis

Word Box

factors fire world

tsunami geological mountain

An area of the ________________ known as the Pacific basin is home to many tsunamis.

This area is more prone to the development of a ________________ due to the many volcanic

island and chains that exist. As a result of these ________________ and the variable that there

are also many subduction zones, this part of the world has become known as the ring of fire. The

ring of _________________ continues to be the most active ________________ region in the

world.




5


Tsunamis

Word Box

Tsunami change Pacific coastline

strength exceeding ocean intensity

Tsunamis are caused by a sudden __________________ in the earth’s crust or volcanic

activity. The level of _________________ of the original cause of the tsunami is the main factor

in determining the and magnitude of the tsunami. Upon its onset, and in the open

_________________, a tsunami may travel at speeds _________________ 500 miles per hour.

_________________ waves generated locally may reach a shore and __________________ in

only minutes. The long wavelengths of a tsunami may, in only one day, travel across the entire

Ocean.




6


Tsunamis

Word Box

period potential between villages

travel waves per tsunamis

Tsunamis can _________________ at a speed of over 500 miles _________________

hour. They have the __________________ of devastating proportions. Many

_________________ travel in a series of waves. This momentum and series of

_________________ is often called a wave train. The time in ________________ each wave is

called the wave period. The wave period time frame may vary from only minutes to more than

one hour. The time in between the wave _________________ is a dangerous time as many

people have perished returning to their homes and ________________ thinking the waves had

stopped.




7


Tsunamis

Word Box

mountain tsunamis conditions frequently

nickname activity collection great

Although _________________ are possible in all the major oceans of the world, they

usually occur most _________________ in an area called the Pacific Basin. This area has been

given the _________________ ring of fire. This particular area has a large _________________

of volcanic islands, _________________ chains, and what are known as subduction zones.

These ________________ earned this area its nickname. Susceptibility to tsunamis is due to the

level of geographical ________________ .




8


Tsunamis

Word Box

waves long wavelengths not harbor

word tsunamis originated series across

The word tsunami ________________ as a Japanese word. Translated, tsunami means

“________________ wave”. Today, this ________________ is known internationally. It

describes the ________________ of waves that move along and ________________ the ocean

containing extremely _________________ and powerful wavelengths. In fact, the

________________ may be up to hundreds of miles apart. Sometimes _________________ are

confused with tidal _________________ . Unlike a tidal wave, tsunamis are

_________________ connected with the natural cycle of weather or tidal flow.




9


Tsunamis

Word Box

close water crust rise fall

sea change tsunamis forces causing

Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as seismic _________________ waves. Scientists

reveal that these natural _________________ of nature occur from the sudden change, rise and

________________, of the earth’s crust. This sudden movement of the earth’s

________________ often happens under or ________________ to the ocean. What happens

when this sudden _________________ occurs is that the water column is displaced, thus

_________________ the rise and fall of the ocean’s _________________ level. It’s this initial

________________ and fall momentum that begins the onset of a tsunami. Volcanic activity

may also cause ________________ .




10


Tsunamis

Word Box

blowing variable waves one

crust

feet distance different tsunami speed

The ________________ seen when spending time at the beach are caused by the wind

__________________ over the surface of the water. The strength and __________________ of

the wind determine the size of each wave and the _________________ the wave travels. The

wavelengths between each wave may be anywhere from several ___________________ to

approximately _________________ thousand feet. Tsunami waves are much

_________________ from beach wind waves. The main _________________ in determining the

size and strength of a _________________ is the magnitude of the disturbance, such as volcanic

activity or a movement in the earth’s _________________ in or near the ocean.

Name _________________________________________ Date ____________________________ Theme: Forces of Nature Topic: Volcanoes



11


Volcanoes

Word Box

dormant three long

erupt activity volcanoes

Volcanoes can fall into ________________ groups. Volcanoes may be considered active.

That means they are erupting, have the potential to ________________, or have recently erupted.

Another category of ________________ is the dormant group. Dormant volcanoes continue to

show signs of ________________, yet have not erupted in a very ________________ time. It is

possible that a ________________ volcano may not ever erupt again. Volcanoes considered

extinct have not erupted since the time of recorded volcanic history.




12


Volcanoes

Word Box

volcano basic common

explosive eruption shapes

The shape of a ________________ generally falls into three different shapes. The ________________ are determined by how the volcano erupts, the material released in the _________________ , and the shape of the volcano cone. Strato volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cone volcanoes are the three ________________ types of volcanoes. Sometimes Strato volcanoes are called composite volcanoes. Strato volcanoes are the most _________________ . They are also more likely to be active and _________________ .




13


Volcanoes

Word Box

shaped opening volcanic magma

formed builds vent up

Vents are an ________________ in the earth’s crust. Volcanic mountains are

________________ around vents. Magma is pushed _________________ toward the surface of

the earth as a result of the pressure that ________________ below the earth’s crust. The

________________ is released from inside the earth through the _________________ . Most

volcanoes have a cone ________________ top called a crater. This crater is from where

_________________ materials are discharged.




14


Volcanoes

Word Box

rock melts magma hot

deep called form earth

It is very, very hot ________________ inside the earth’s crust in an area called the

mantle. In fact, it’s so hot that certain rocks become liquid in ________________ . The heat

actually ________________ the rock. This _________________ and thick flowing melted rock

is __________________ magma. Magma is considered molten _________________ . Also

inside the ________________ is tremendous pressure. Pressure builds as the ________________

and other gasses rise into the earth’s crust.




15


Volcanoes

Word Box

released liquid recovering rock

hardens Lava repeated magma

Volcanic mountains are built as a result of continuous and __________________

eruptions. Magma is what is ________________ from the vent of a volcano. Once the

_______________ reaches the surface of the earth, it’s called lava. ________________ is also

very hot and will flow for as long as it remains hot to remain in _________________ form. Lava

when cooled, ________________ into rock. As a result, layers of ________________ form over

previous layers or rock. It’s this continual covering and ________________ of rock that creates

the volcanic mountain.




16


Volcanoes

Word Box

three earth’s meet Plate

active volcanoes extinct earthquakes

The locations where two plates of the earth ________________ are often sites of

volcanoes. Many ________________ volcanoes are associated with earthquakes. This is due to

the fact that many __________________ will weaken a particular area of the _______________

crust. Many ________________ exist in an area of the world around the Pacific

_________________ called the Ring of Fire. There are _________________ categories of

volcanoes. They are active, dormant, and ___________________ .




17


Volcanoes

Word Box

flowing pushed Inside mountains years

rock formation forces melted different

Rock that has been ________________ up into the air over thousands of are called

mountains. These huge masses of ______________ are the result of a very slow process of

_______________ within the earth. Mountains are formed in four ______________ ways.

Mountain _______________ called doming and volcanic action are the ways in which domed

and volcanic form. ________________ each of these types of mountain formation, exists

magma. Magma is a heated, often ________________ substance of ________________ rock.




18


Volcanoes

Word Box

weak substance flow Magma earth

rock crust lighter opening very

Deep within the earth is a flowing ________________ called magma. Inside the earth’s

crust is very, ________________ hot. This heat actually causes _________________ to melt

slowly, over time, into magma. _________________ rises as a result of its weight. Magma is

_________________ than the rock it’s around. Sometimes magma rises up into the

_________________ of the Earth due to the extreme pressure inside the ________________ .

Magma may _________________ into a fault line or another ________________ location in the

earth. Sometimes the magma finds a volcano, or an in the earth, where pressure and gasses can

be discharged.




19


Volcanoes

Word Box

magma cracked result pressure hardens

up volcanic called earth deep

Magma is the hot and liquid fluid rock found ________________ within the earth.

Magma is pushed ________________ closer the earth’s surface as a ________________ of the

pressure inside the earth. Fault lines, other thin, ________________, or weak areas of the earth

will hold deposits of magma. Volcanoes, openings on the ________________, will also contain

magma. Sometimes, when there is enough ________________, the magma will exit the earth

through a _______________ eruption. Once the ________________ reaches the surface of the

earth, it is ________________ lava. Eventually, the lava cools and ________________ into rock.




20


Volcanic Mountains

Word Box

lava Mount found from both

hardened liquid many mountain volcanic

Lava is what the hot, ________________ flowing discharge is called that exits ________________ a volcano. Once cooled, lava becomes ________________ rock. A volcano that has had many, ________________ eruptions eventually forms a mountain. After many layers of ________________ are built up from volcanic eruptions, a volcanic ________________ is formed. An example of a ________________ mountain in the United States is Mount Rainer. Other volcanic mountains can be ________________ worldwide. For example, Mount Vesuvius in Italy and _________________Fujiyama in Japan are _________________ volcanic mountains.

Name _________________________________________ Date ____________________________ Theme: Forces of Nature Topic: Earthquakes



21


Earthquakes

Word Box

weakest measure earthquakes

instrument daily seismograph

Earthquakes occur almost ________________ . Although many are not felt, over one

million ________________ occur each year. Earthquakes are measured using an

________________ called a seismograph. The ________________ detects as well as records

each earthquake. The Richter Scale is a scale that is used to ________________ the magnitude,

or strength of the earthquake. The scale is based on a range from one to ten. One represents the

earthquake and ten the strongest. An earthquake is truly a shaking of the ground or of the earth’s

plates.




22


Earthquakes

Word Box

world scientific explanations

potential legends nature

Earthquakes have the _______________ to be catastrophic. For years, people have tried

to find and provide _______________ for the occurrence of earthquakes. Many narratives from

around the _______________, in the form of legends, exist. These ________________ from

civilization around the world try to use non-scientific explanations for such a force of

_______________ . Although these folklore stories occurred prior to the ________________

explanations known today, many are still told today. One such legend is known as The Turtle

Tale.




23


Earthquakes

Word Box

strength recorded humans

earthquakes seismograph reduced

Earthquakes vary in their magnitude or _________________ . Many earthquakes are never even felt by ________________ or animals. These earthquakes are detected and _______________ using an instrument or tool known as the seismograph. The ________________ uses a scale, called the Richter Scale to indicate an _________________ magnitude. Following an earthquake, many weaker earthquakes occur. These strength earthquakes are called aftershocks.




24


Earthquakes

Word Box

Fault gigantic bottom

plates mountains earth’s

The earth’s surface is also known as the ________________ crust. The surface of the

earth is made up of _______________ pieces of the crust known as plates. The meeting and

joining of these _______________ is called a fault. In the state of New York, a fault line known

as the Ramapo _______________ exists. This fault runs through the Hudson Valley at the very

_______________ of the Hudson Highlands. These particular mountains are considered to be

fault block mountains. Fault block occur when the earth’s crust has been divided into large

pieces.




25


Earthquakes

Word Box

above warning fires earthquakes

damage earth’s animals possible

The location within the ________________ crust where an earthquake originates is called the focus. What’s known as the epicenter describes the local directly ________________ the focus. Close to a million ________________ occur yearly, although many are not felt. Earthquakes have the ability to strike without ________________, thus holding the potential of great harm to people and _________________ . Property damage is also ________________ depending on the magnitude of the earthquake. Earthquakes also have the ability to _________________ and destroy gas and electrical lines, sometimes causing ________________ .




26


Earthquakes

Word Box

collide fault ocean earth’s

plates changes earthquake sunken

Earthquakes are caused when plates of the _________________ surface move. The plates

may slide, ________________, or pull apart. When an ________________ occurs, a shaking of

the earth’s surface is felt. The area where the _______________ of the earth meet is called a

fault. An earthquake occurs along the _________________ . After an earthquake, there may be

many landform ________________ such as landslides and ________________ ground.

Earthquakes can also occur under the ________________ water. These earthquakes can cause

giant waves called tsunamis.




27


Earthquakes

Word Box

injuries force avalanches earthquakes

felt potential million landform

The natural ________________ of an earthquake has the potential to be catastrophic.

Although over one ________________ earthquakes occur each year, many of them are not

_________________ . However, ________________ have the ability to be devastating.

Depending on the magnitude of an earthquake, they have the _______________ to cause

property damage and death in just seconds. Many ________________ often result from the

damage and collapse of buildings and bridges, especially in the more heavily populated areas.

Landforms often change as a result of earthquakes. Sunken ground, ________________, and

landslides are just a few changes that may occur.




28


Earthquakes

Word Box

earth earthquake result plates released

shaking crust apart likely movement

Giant pieces of the earth’s ________________ are broken into huge parts called plates. In

the areas where these ________________ meet is where earthquakes are _________________ to occur. The plates of the _________________ may move in three different ways. The plates may collide, pull ________________, or slide. Each type of ________________ will _________________ in an earthquake of varying magnitudes. An ________________ occurs when the earth’s plates cause a _________________ movement of the earth’s surface. It’s at the moment of an earthquake that energy is from the earth.




29


Earthquakes

Word Box

crust earthquake quick release plates

earth’s apart surface shaking types

Simply stated, an ________________ is a shaking of the earth’s crust that is the result of

an energy _________________ . This shaking movement of the _________________ surface

results in an earthquake. Three ________________ of earth movements exist. Each occurs when

the earth’s _________________, made up of giant plates, move. The earth’s

_________________ may slide, collide, or pull _________________ . The moment the

________________ move, there is a sudden and often ________________ movement that results

in a ________________ of the earth’s surface.




30


Earthquakes

Word Box

surface earth earthquake result Ocean

million quick above movement crust

An earthquake occurs when an often sudden and _________________ release of energy

occurs within the earth. As a __________________ of this energy release, large plates on the

earth’s ________________ move and create a shaking ________________ of the earth’s surface.

The place where an ________________ originates, usually deep within the earth’s

________________ is called the focus. The location directly _________________ the focus, on

the surface of the _________________ is called the epicenter. Most of the world’s earthquakes

occur in an area in the Pacific __________________ called the Ring of Fire. Although few are

felt, over one ________________ earthquakes occur each year.

© 2005 Teachnology, Inc. 31

Answers Page 1 1. wondered 2. factors 3. geographical 4. change 5. tsunami 6. common Page 2 1. beach 2. wind 3. determines 4. earth’s 5. rise 6. geographical Page 3 1. speeds 2. tsunamis 3. Pacific 4. wave 5. period 6. one

Page 4 1. world 2. tsunami 3. mountain 4. factors 5. fire 6. geological Page 5 1. change 2. intensity 3. strength 4. ocean 5. exceeding 6. Tsunami 7. coastline 8. Pacific Page 6 1. travel 2. per 3. potential 4. tsunamis 5. waves 6. between 7. period 8. villages

Page 7 1. tsunamis 2. frequently 3. nickname 4. collection 5. mountain 6. conditions 7. great 8. activity Page 8 1. originated 2. harbor 3. word 4. series 5. across 6. long 7. wavelengths 8. tsunamis 9. waves 10. not Page 9 1. sea 2. forces 3. fall 4. crust 5. close 6. change 7. causing 8. water 9. rise 10. tsunami Page 10 1. waves 2. blowing 3. speed 4. distance 5. feet 6. one 7. different 8. variable 9. tsunami 10. crust

Page 11 1. three 2. erupt 3. volcanoes 4. activity 5. long 6. dormant Page 12 1. volcano 2. shapes 3. eruption 4. three 5. common 6. explosive Page 13 1. opening 2. formed 3. up 4. builds 5. magma 6. vent 7. shaped 8. volcanic Page 14 1. deep 2. form 3. melts 4. hot 5. called 6. rock 7. earth 8. magma Page 15 1. repeated 2. released 3. magma 4. Lava 5. liquid 6. hardens 7. rock 8. recovering

Page 16 1. meet 2. active 3. earthquakes 4. earth’s 5. volcanoes 6. Plate 7. three 8. extinct Page 17 1. pushed 2. years 3. rock 4. forces 5. different 6. formation 7. mountains 8. Inside 9. flowing 10. melted Page 18 1. substance 2. very 3. rock 4. Magma 5. lighter 6. crust 7. earth 8. flow 9. weak 10. opening Page 19 1. deep 2. up 3. result 4. cracked 5. earth 6. pressure 7. volcanic 8. magma 9. called 10. hardens

Page 20 1. liquid 2. from 3. hardened 4. many 5. lava 6. mountain 7. volcanic 8. found 9. Mount 10. both Page 21 1. daily 2. earthquakes 3. instrument 4. seismograph 5. measure 6. weakest Page 22 1. potential 2. explanations 3. world 4. legends 5. nature 6. scientific Page 23 1. strength 2. humans 3. recorded 4. seismograph 5. earthquakes 6. reduced Page 24 1. earth’s 2. gigantic 3. plates 4. Fault 5. bottom 6. mountains Page 25 1. earth’s 2. above 3. earthquakes 4. warning 5. animals 6. possible 7. damage 8. fires

© 2005 Teachnology, Inc. 32

Page 26 1. earth’s 2. collide 3. earthquakes 4. plates 5. fault 6. changes 7. sunken 8. ocean Page 27 1. force 2. millions 3. felt 4. earthquakes 5. potential 6. injuries 7. avalanches 8. landform Page 28 1. crust 2. plates 3. likely 4. earth 5. apart 6. movement 7. result 8. earthquakes 9. shaking 10 released Page 29 1. earthquake 2. release 3. earth’s 4. types 5. crust 6. surface 7. apart 8. plates 9. quick 10. shaking Page 30 1. quick 2. result 3. surface 4. movement 5. earthquake 6. crust 7. above 8. earth 9. Ocean 10. million

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