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CONSTRUCTION MAINTENANCE
DEPARTMENT
MECHANICAL TECHNICIAN
QUALIFICATION MODULE
MECHANICAL SEAL TRAININGCOURSE
EXIT
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IntroductionIntroduction
Mechanical Seals is a deice !hich a"solutel# $reents the lea%a&e
o' $ressuri(ed 'luid alon& a rotar# sha't in e)ui$*ents such as
$u*$s+ co*$ressors+ a&itators+ etc, This deice re$laces the
conentional *ethod o' sealin&+ i( &land ro$es,
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Secondar# Seal
Ho! A Seal -or%s .Ho! A Seal -or%s .
/asic Mechanical seal/asic Mechanical seal
T#$es O' Mechanical SealsT#$es O' Mechanical Seals
Hands0on E1ercise
H#draulic /alance Seals
De'initionDe'inition Flash CardsFlash Cards
Main MenuMain Menu
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2ri*ar# Seal
Seal Arran&e*ent
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De'initionDe'inition
Adanta&es o' *echanical seals oer conentional $ac%in& are as
'ollo!s3 4ero or li*ited lea%a&e o' $roduct 5*eet e*ission re&ulations,6 Reduced 'riction and $o!er loss, Eli*ination o' sha't or sleee !ear,
Reduced *aintenance costs, A"ilit# to seal hi&her $ressures and *ore corrosie eniron*ents, The !ide ariet# o' desi&ns allo!s use o' *echanical seals in al*ost
all $u*$ a$$lications,
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All *echanical seals are constructed o' three "asic sets o' $arts as
sho!n in Fi&,
7, A set o' $ri*ar# seal 'aces3 one rotar# and one stationar#8sho!n in Fi&,
as seal rin& and insert,
9, A set o' secondar# seals %no!n as sha't $ic%in&s and insert *ountin&s
such as :0rin&s+ !ed&es and ;0rin&s,
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Conentional =-et> Mechanical SealsConentional =-et> Mechanical Seals
Loose rin& set scre!ed to the sha't,Loose rin& set scre!ed to the sha't,
/asic Mechanical Seal 0 7
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O0rin& $reents lea%a&e throu&h the "ore,O0rin& $reents lea%a&e throu&h the "ore,
-ear here !ill create lea%a&e,-ear here !ill create lea%a&e,
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/asic Mechanical Seal 0 9
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Heat &enerated hereHeat &enerated here
Lea% $athLea% $athLar&e co*$onent,Lar&e co*$onent,
S$rin& ensures auto*atic ad?ust*entS$rin& ensures auto*atic ad?ust*ent
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/asic Mechanical Seal 0 6 - Ma. in $team%ater ::>6 - Ma. in $team
:=>6(:=>6(
+erfluoroeleastomer+erfluoroeleastomer%e.g.! Isolast! @alreA(%e.g.! Isolast! @alreA(
-356 to 3:> 0 =:>6-356 to 3:> 0 =:>677
hloroprenehloroprene- ideal for refrigeration duties- ideal for refrigeration duties-
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$econdary $eal) edge
edge
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$ d $ l d
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Type :5B&Type :5B&
$econdary $eal) edge
edge
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$ d $ l & ll
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$econdary $eal) &ello"s
Elastomer &ello"s grips shaft tightlyElastomer &ello"s grips shaft tightly
o contact here.o contact here.
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$ d $ l + h
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&ello"s flees to ta,e up "ear! misalignment and aial play&ello"s flees to ta,e up "ear! misalignment and aial play
'ine machined shaft surface re1uired'ine machined shaft surface re1uired
/o not use a CgoodD lubricant -/o not use a CgoodD lubricant -never use silicon greasenever use silicon grease..
$econdary $eal) on-+usher
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El t & ll $ l
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Type >53Type >53
Type 3Type 3
Elastomer &ello"s $eals
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$econdary $eal) on +usher
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o movement here.o movement here.
&ello"s epands to&ello"s epands to
ta,e up "earta,e up "ear
o contacto contact
here.here.
$econdary $eal) on-+usher
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$econdary $eal) on +usher
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#dvantages#dvantagesTemperatures to bar g(.Maimum pressure => bar g %3-ply to 4> bar g(.
$econdary $eal) on-+usher
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Hands on Eercise
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'it a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'it a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
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'itting a Type 3
Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
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%:(
: 8ightly scribe first datum line %:( on shaft.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
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%:(
3 /ismantle pump remove seal chamber.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
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Fas,et
XG
=. 'it Mating *ing into Fland +late.
Measure dimension XG.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
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%:(%3(
XG
< $cribe line %3( XG mm outboard of line %:(.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
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%=( %:(%3(
XG
8=
GG
ote this dimension from line %=( toote this dimension from line %=( to
end of shaft or a shaft step.end of shaft or a shaft step.
Hands-on Eercise'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
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> $cribe line %=( 8= mm inboard of line %3(!
8= is the "or,ing length of the seal unit%$ee 'itting Instructions(.
Hands-on Eercise
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$uitable pushing sleeve
8ubricate shaft "ith suitable lubricant
%3(
On single-ended pumps! first slide
gland plate onto shaft! ta,ing care
not to damage the mating ring
%=( %:(
4 +ushing on the tailof the bello"s! slide seal head into position! passed
line
%=(.&) $pring and 8ocating *ing removed.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $ealHands-on Eercise
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Hands-on Eercise
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%=( %:(%3(
J *eplace spring and spring locating ring.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $ealHands-on Eercise
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Hands-on Eercise
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%3(%:(%=(
9 Ensure setscre"s are "ithdra"n sufficiently to clear shaft and slide abutment
ring into position abutting line %=(.
GG
hec, this dimension from line %=( tohec, this dimension from line %=( to
end of shaft or a shaft step.end of shaft or a shaft step.
Hands-on Eercise'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
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Hands-on Eercise
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%=( %:(%3(
B hec, ring is s1uare. Tighten setscre"s. *efit seal chamber. Ensure lapped
faces are perfectly clean K dry.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $ealHands-on Eercise
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Hands-on Eercise
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%=( %:(%3(
:5 Insert gland plate into seal chamber.
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands-on Eercise
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%=( %:(%3(
8=
'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal'itting a Type 3 Elastomer &ello"s $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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:: Insert and evenly tighten < bolts! gently compressing seal to
its "or,ing length %8=(.
Hands-on Eercise
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#ssemble and 'it a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal#ssemble and 'it a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands-on Eercise
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Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
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Hands-on Eercise
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%:(
: $cribe first datum line %:( on shaft.
'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands on Eercise
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Hands-on Eercise
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'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands on Eercise
%:(
3 *emove shaft from seal chamber.HOME
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Hands-on Eercise
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'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands on Eercise
Fas,et
XG
= Measure dimension XG.HOME
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Hands-on Eercise
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'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands on Eercise
XG
%:(%3(
< $cribe line %3( XG mm inboard of line %:(.HOME
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Hands-on Eercise
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'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands on Eercise
XG
%:(%3(%=(
8=
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> $cribe line %=( 8= mm inboard of line %3(!
8= is the "or,ing length of the seal unit %see 'itting Instructions(.
Hands-on Eercise
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'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
Hands on Eercise
%=( %3( %:(
4 Ensure setscre"s are "ithdra"n sufficiently to clear shaft and
slide seal into position abutting line %=(. HOME
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Hands-on Eercise
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%:(%3(%=(
Ti&hten setscre!s and re$lace sha't seal in seal cha*"er,
Ensure runnin& 'aces are $er'ectl# clean and dr#,
Hands on Eercise
'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
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Hands-on Eercise
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Hands on Eercise
'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal#G
%:(%3(%=(
K Insert &land $late into seal cha*"er, Chec% &a$ A,HOME
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Hands-on Eercise
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'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal'itting a Type :5B +T'E edge $eal
%:(%3(%=(
8=
Insert and eenl# ti&hten @ "olts+ &entl#
co*$ressin& seal to its !or%in& len&th 5L
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Holdin& Cli$s -ed&e Seals
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Heat Te*$erature ControlHeat Te*$erature Control
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$$Heat in Stu''in& /o1
T!o sources o' heat,T!o sources o' heat,heat soa% 'ro* the $roductheat soa% 'ro* the $roductheat &enerated "# the sealheat &enerated "# the seal
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Heat &eneration3 the $ro"le*
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& $
2ressure dro$s toat*os$heric
Te*$erature increases
59:C6
Fluid 'il* thic%ness reduces
or disa$$ears
2re*ature 'ailure,
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H#draulic /alance
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#
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H#draulic /alance
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#
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H#draulic /alance
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#
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H#draulic /alance
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#
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H#draulic /alance
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#
:5
>5L:3>L
5.9cm3
:cm3
+ressure :5 ,g0cm3
:3>L - >5L J>L %J.> bar(
5
:5
5
J>L >5L
J>L - >5L 3>L %3.> bar(HOME
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H#draulic /alance
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Un"alanced 2usher SealUn"alanced 2usher Seal /alanced 2usher seal/alanced 2usher seal
#
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H#draulic /alance 0 /ene'its
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Reduced heat &eneration Ideal 'or unsta"le and lo! SG 'luids
Less heat to "e dissi$ated 0 less coolin& re)uired
Reduced !ear rate Lon&er li'e
Reduced $o!er re)uired to drie the seal Lo!er runnin& costs
Increased $ressure ran&e 'or the seal This si*$le *odi'ication allo!s *uch hi&her $ressures to "e sealed,
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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Mechanical seals are arran&ed in di''erent !a#s as $er the A2I 2lan,
Sin&le Seals can "e *ounted internall#+ e1ternall# or internall# *ounted
!ith rotatin& counter rin&,, The# can "e either "alanced+ un"alanced+ !ith
or !ithout circulation or 'lushin& o' seal 'aces+ !ith or !ithout throttle
"ushes,
As 'or Dou"le Mechanical seals+ either one o' the seals can "e
un"alanced or "alanced on its o!n or "oth toðer, It can "e arran&ed in
"ac% to "ac%+ 'ace to 'ace+ or tande* arran&e*ent,
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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Sin&le seals utilise $rocess 'luid toSin&le seals utilise $rocess 'luid to
$roide the lu"ricatin& inter'ace 'il*$roide the lu"ricatin& inter'ace 'il*
Use *ulti$le seals i'3
'luid is to1ic 'luid is 'la**a"le
eniron*ental
isolation re)uired
'luid chan&es state
'luid is not a &ood lu"ricantor is a &as
'luid is unsta"le
dr# runnin& li%el#
e1$ensie $roduct
critical $u*$
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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T!o co**on arran&e*ents Tande*
lo! $ressure "u''er 'luid
hi&h inte&rit# secondar# contain*ent
in"oard seal lu"ricated "# $roduct
/ac%0to0/ac% 5Dou"le6
$ressurised "arrier 'luid
in"oard seal lu"ricated "# "arrier 'luid
There are *an# other arran&e*ents Dual Series Concentric Face0to0Face etc,
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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Clean "u''erClean "u''er
'luid lu"ricates'luid lu"ricates
this sealthis seal
/u''er 'luid is at/u''er 'luid is at
lo!lo!
5at*os$heric65at*os$heric6
$ressure,$ressure,
Out"oard Seal
/asic tande* non0$ressurised dou"le seal/asic tande* non0$ressurised dou"le seal
Use A2I 2lan 9
Multi$le seals3 Tande*
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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In"oard Seal
+roduct+roduct
lubricateslubricates
this sealthis seal
/asic tande* non0$ressurised dou"le seal/asic tande* non0$ressurised dou"le seal
This seal isThis seal isunder 'ullunder 'ull
$roduct$roduct
$ressure$ressure
Note $ossi"leNote $ossi"le
conta*inationconta*inationo' "u''er 'luid,o' "u''er 'luid,
Nse #+I +lan >3
Multi$le seals3 Tande*
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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Use A2I 2lan 9
/asic tande* non0$ressurised dou"le seal/asic tande* non0$ressurised dou"le seal
In"oard sealIn"oard seal
*ost li%el# to 'ail*ost li%el# to 'ail
'irst'irst
/u''er 'luid/u''er 'luid
leel$ressureleel$ressure
!ill rise!ill rise
Out"oard sealOut"oard seal
acts as secondar#acts as secondar#
contain*entcontain*ent
2rocess can2rocess cancontinue untilcontinue until
co*$leted,co*$leted,
Multi$le seals3 Tande*
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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Lo! $ressureLo! $ressure
'luid su$$l#'luid su$$l#
Multi$le seals3 Tande*
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Mechanical Seal Arran&e*ents
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I' out"oard sealI' out"oard seal
'ails+ "arrier'ails+ "arrier
$ressure !ill$ressure !ill
'ail and $u*$'ail and $u*$
*ust "e*ust "e
s!itched o'' ass!itched o'' as
$roduct !ill$roduct !ill
lea% out,lea% out,
Use A2I 2lan