CN2140 Server IIKemtis KunanuraksapongMSIS with DistinctionMCT, MCITP, MCTS, MCDST, MCP, A+
Agenda
•Chapter 1: Introduction to Networking Concepts
•Exercise•Lab•Quiz
TCP/IP Protocol Suite• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol • Subnet
▫Subdividing TCP/IP networks into smaller groupings
• Subnet mask▫Used to identify which network the TCP/IP host
resides on• Default gateway
▫Allows a host to communicate with devices that reside on a remote network or location
IP Addressing•Each IP address consists of two
components:▫Network address — This portion of the IP
address is shared by all TCP/IP hosts on a particular network or subnet.
▫Host address — This comprises the portion of the IP address that is unique to a particular computer or host.
•Both combined form a unique IP address across an entire TCP/IP network
IPv4 Addressing•The most commonly used version used
today•Based on 32-bits (four bytes, or octets)
▫232 (4,294,967,296) possible addresses•IPv4 addresses are commonly
represented using what is called dotted-decimal notation:▫10.27.3.1▫192.1.120.84▫192.5.18.102
Classful Addressing•Each network class had a different
maximum number of nodes▫The first one to four bits identified the
network class, and the remaining bits comprised the network and host address fields
▫Class A▫Class B▫Class C
See Table 1-2 and 1-3 on Page 4 and 5
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
•The number of masked bits is specified with the CIDR notation
•Example:▫10.0.0.0/8
8 bits masked 24 bits for host numbering
Classless Addressing Examples
•15.234.48.34/24▫Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0▫Network address is 15.234.48.0▫Host address is 0.0.0.34
•203.23.47.234/16▫Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0▫Network address is 203.23.0.0▫Host address is 0.0.47.234
Subnetting
•Logical partitioning of an organization’s network address range into smaller blocks
•Network Address (Enterprise/corporation):▫16.52.0.0/16
•Site 1 has network address of:▫16.52.1.0/24
•Site 2 has network address of:▫16.52.2.0/24
Subnetting Example•Network Address
(Enterprise/corporation): 16.52.0.0/16▫Default Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0
•Site 1 has network address of:16.52.1.0▫With subnetting, the subnet mask becomes
255.255.255.0•Site 2 has network address of:
16.52.2.0▫With subnetting, the subnet mask becomes
255.255.255.0
Network Address Translation (NAT)•Hosts using private network addresses
can communicate with public networks only by using network address translation (NAT),
•Enables routing by mapping their private network address to a different, routable network address.
Loopback Address
•Specifies itself at address 127.0.0.1
IPv6 Addressing•IPv6 addresses are 128 bits in length and
expressed in hexadecimal notation▫2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:13▫19:8a2e:0370:7334
•If an IPv6 address contains a series of sequential zeroes, the address can be shortened▫2001:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:733
4▫2001:0:0:0:0:0:0:7334▫2001::7334
Domain Name System (DNS)
•Translates from Host name to IP addresses
•HOSTS files also translate from Host name to IP addresses
•See Figure 1-1 on Page 7
Traditional Top-Level Domain Names•.com – Commercial• .edu – Education•.gov – Agencies of U.S. federal
government•.net – Computers of network providers
and ISPs•.org – nongovernmental and nonprofit
organizations
Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
•Describes the exact relationship between a host and its DNS domain
•Example:computer1.sales.adatum.com.▫Host name is computer1▫In the sales domain, which is in the
adatum second-level domain, which is in the .com top-level domain, which is under the “.” root domain.
Static Addresses
•When administering TCP/IP hosts, you can assign static IP addresses▫Must be configured and maintained
manually
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)•Simplifies the problem by automating the
assigning, tracking, and reassigning of IP addresses.
•Also to provide other important settings such as the default gateway, subnet mask, DNS, and so on.
•DHCP Relay Agent▫See Figure 1-2 on Page 11
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)•DHCPDISCOVER•DHCPOFFER•DHCPREQUEST•DHCPACK
Network Access Protection (NAP)•Windows Server 2008 provides the
Network Access Protection platform, which provides a policy enforcement mechanism to control access to a 2008 network▫Quarantine the device such as laptop that
does not have anti-virus
Assignment
•Summarize the chapter in your own word▫At least 75 words▫Due BEFORE class start on Thursday
•IP Address subnetting • Due BEFORE class over on Thursday
•Lab 1▫Due BEFORE class start on Monday
Assignment – IP Address Subnetting
•For full credit, you have to legibly demonstrate or illustrate how did you get the answer.
•The correct answer must include▫Subnet Mask▫Highest and lowest assignable IP address
• IP Address▫192.168.30.8/21▫10.3.5.1/5▫158.10.3.1/14▫192.10.1.40/28