Mental Health System

CNA 2 OSBN Curriculum

This project was funded $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Mental HealthLevel of Psychological Well-beingWHO

◦State of Well-Being◦Individual realizes own abilities◦Cope W/stresses◦Work Productively◦Contribute to their Community

Significant Changes in ◦Thinking◦Feeling◦Behavior

Bad Enough◦Affecting Functioning◦Cause Distress to self/others

Mental Illness

Uneasy Feeling◦Discomfort◦Dread

Source UnknownFeeling ApprehensiveAnticipation of Danger

Anxiety

Observation & Reporting

Related to Life Events◦Excessive Sadness◦Hopelessness

Meds in a Crisis Counseling in a Crisis May not be r/t Life Events Can be Severe and Persistent

Depression

Very Common Mental Illness Familial Women > Men Most Frequent among Elderly Contributing Factors

◦Chemical Imbalance in Brain◦Low Self-Esteem◦Poor Coping Skills◦Hormonal Changes

Clinical Depression

Loss of Interest Feelings of

◦Sadness◦Anxiousness

Sleep Issues Restlessness/Irritability Guilt/Worthlessness Thoughts of Death/Suicide

Observation & Reporting

PTSD Intense Distress Psychologically Traumatic Event

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Horrifying MemoriesRecurring FearsFlashbacks

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormal S&S to NurseEmotional SupportCalm EnvironmentSpend Extra Time

CNA 2 Actions

Taking One’s Life◦ Intentionally◦ Voluntarily

Observations &Reporting

Changes in Behavior or Mood

Suicide

Report Abnormal S&S to NurseClose, Continual, Visual Observations

CNA 2 Actions

Compulsive & Maladaptive Dependence

Substance◦Alcohol◦Drugs◦Tobacco

Behavior◦Gambling◦Video Game

Addiction

Chronic Disease (Progressive) Can be Fatal Impaired Control over Alcohol Dependence & Tolerance Remissions and Relapses Psychological Features

◦ Preoccupation◦ Denial of Addiction

Major Threat to Health in U.S.

Alcoholism

Neurological, Psychiatric & Cardiovascular S&S in a person accustomed to consuming

lg quantities of ETOH suddenly abstains A Predictable Pattern 12-48 hrs Post Consumption Begins

◦ May have a seizure

May last up to 96 hours

Alcohol Withdrawal

TremorWeaknessSweatingHyper-ReflexiaGI Symptoms

◦N/VHallucinations

Observation & Reporting

Severe Withdrawal SyndromeHallucinations

◦Visual◦Auditory◦Tactile

May be Threatening15% may DieRecovery: 3-5 days

Delirium Tremens: DTs

Anxiety Attack Restlessness Increasing Confusion Disorientation Profound Depression Hyperactivity ANS

◦Tachycardia◦HTN◦Profuse Sweating

Observation & Reporting

Temporary State of Confusion Acute Onset Sx of Underlying Disorder

◦Infection◦Dehydration◦Fever◦Low Sodium (Electrolyte) Level

Side Effect of MedsRemove Cause/Delirium Resolved

Delirium

Loss or Decreased OrientationLack AttentionMemory IssuesSometimes: Tremors

Observation & Reporting

Memory ImpairmentAttention Problems Inability to

◦Learn New Info◦Recall Old Info

Dementia

Report Abnormal S&S to Nurse Follow Pt.’s Care Plan Safety Normal Routine Stimulation Don’t Argue Clear, Simple, DirectionsEmotional SupportEncourage PO Fluids

CNA 2 Actions

Anorexia NervosaBulimia Nervosa

Eating Disorders

Excessively ThinSee Themselves as OverweightExercise Excessively

Anorexia Nervosa

Loss of AppetiteSkips MealsTakes Tiny PortionsExcuses for not

EatingLow-Calorie Foods

Observation & Reporting

BingingEat Huge Amount of FoodPurging Induce Vomiting/LaxativesFocused on

◦Body Wt.◦Shape◦Feels Excessively Overwt.

Bulimia Nervosa

Abnormal Eating PatternsBR Immediately after Meal

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormal S&S to NurseEncourage Frequent, Small MealsEmotional SupportMonitor Food Intake

CNA 2 Actions

Pathological Disturbance of Patterns of◦ Perception◦ Communication◦ Thinking

Impairing Ability to Function Effectively

At Least 2 of:◦ Cognition◦ Affect◦ Interpersonal Functions◦ Impulse Control

Onset Can be Traced to Adolescence

Personality Disorders

10 Different CategoriesOdd/Eccentric BehaviorOverly EmotionalDramaticTenseAnxiety-Ridden

Observation & Reporting

Loss of Contact w/Reality◦ Delusions◦ Hallucinations

Causes:◦ ETOH/Drugs◦ Brain Tumors◦ Dementia◦ Epilepsy◦ Psychotic Depression

Examples: Schizophrenia & Bi-Polar

Psychosis

Thought Disorder1% of PopulationMarked by

◦Delusions◦Hallucinations◦Disorganized Speech/Behavior

Flat AffectSocial Withdrawal

Schizophrenia

Causes Mood Swings◦Excessive Happiness◦Excessive Sadness

Bi-Polar: Manic Depression

Confusion Depression Disorganized

◦ Thought◦ Speech

Delusions Loss Touch w/Reality Illusions Unfound Fear/suspicion

Observation & Reporting

Report Abnormal S&S to NurseConsistent Approach

CNA 2 Actions

Mental Health Scenarios

Just as CPR helps you assist an individual having a heart attack — even if you have no clinical training — Mental Health First Aid helps you assist someone experiencing a mental health related crisis.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fflQf-T155o

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVk5QM6QwtQ&list=PLHt1emAtPrfIwHmgWj2BerCWRcFH72ZyC

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSAq7RwuhGs

Mental Health First Aid

When helping a person going through a mental health crisis, it is important to look for signs of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, non-suicidal self-injury, or other harm. Some warning signs of suicide include: Threatening to hurt or kill oneself Seeking access to means to hurt or kill oneself Talking or writing about death, dying, or suicide Feeling hopeless Acting recklessly or engaging in risky activities Increased use of alcohol or drugs Withdrawing from family, friends, or society Appearing agitated or angry Having a dramatic change in mood Always seek emergency medical help if the person’s life is

in immediate danger.

Assess for risk of suicide or harm

It may seem simple, but the ability to listen and have a meaningful conversation requires skill and patience.

Listening is critical in helping an individual feel respected, accepted, and understood.

Use verbal and nonverbal skills such as open body posture, comfortable eye contact, and other strategies to engage in appropriate conversation.

Listen nonjudgmentally

It is important to recognize that mental illnesses and addictions are real, treatable illnesses from which people can and do recover.

When talking to someone you believe may be experiencing symptoms of a mental illness, approach the conversation with respect and dignity and don’t blame the individual for his or her symptoms.

Give reassurance and Information

There are many professionals who can offer help when someone is in crisis or may be experiencing the signs and symptoms of a mental illness or addiction.

Types of ProfessionalsDoctors (primary care physicians or psychiatrists)Social workers, counselors, and other mental health professionalsCertified peer specialists

Types of Professional Help“Talk” therapiesMedicationOther professional supports

Encourage appropriate professional help

Individuals with mental illness can contribute to their own recovery and wellness through: Exercise Relaxation and meditation Participating in peer support groups Self-help books based on cognitive

behavioral therapy Engaging with family, friends, faith, and

other social networks

Encourage self-help and other support strategies

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BqhlGZpEYfY&list=PLHt1emAtPrfIwHmgWj2BerCWRcFH72ZyC

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRV7-dYZNBw&list=PLHt1emAtPrfIwHmgWj2BerCWRcFH72ZyC

Suicidal Intervenions

This project was funded $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.