CNES General missions current issues€¦ · Earth, environment, climate Applications for the...

04/24/12

missions & current issues

CNES: General Presentation

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Earth needs space…

for observing Earth, understanding how it functions,

monitoring change, predicting violent natural disasters, for probing and exploring our Solar system and the entire

Universe,

... but also ...

A place for technological innovations and a powerful tool for mastering information, checking human activities,

accompanying a strategy of independence...

Space is a privileged place

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CNES' missions

An ambitious French space

policy To provide end-to-end space expertise. To be a driving force in constructing Europe in Space.

At Europe's service:

5 major strategic fields

Access to space

Security and defence

Earth, environment, climate

Applications for the public

Space sciences and preparation for the future

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a public, industrial and commercial, scientific and technical institution, which is financially-independent. responsible for advising the Government and implementing French space policy, for the benefit of Europe and leading, as project owner, the system architecture for innovation

and designing new space systems.

CNES' missions

CNES, the French space agency,

the agency for space programmes and technical centre

CNES' mission is to provide an overall vision of space solutions

through its systems skills and to innovate Remaining attentive to users and their requirements. At the crossroads of scientific/ technological laboratories, and industrial & service enterprises. To stimulate scientific, technological and industrial

research and innovation, for institutional and commercial requirements.

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Ministry of Higher Education and Research

Ministry of Defence The DGA

and its Partners in France

E S A

Scientific laboratories

Other Space users

National institutions

INDUSTRY

CNES

Ministry of Ecology, Energy,

SustainableDevelopment and the Sea

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CNES and its European

partners A leading role in the construction of European space thanks to the European triangle

The member Countries CNES leads

a multinational programme to complement

European programmes.

The European Space Agency CNES represents France within

the European Space Agency,

and is the number one contributor

to the ESA budget.

The European Union CNES is the driving force in the construction of Europe in space according to the guidelines adopted by the French Government.

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CNES: A growing international influence

CNES and its international

partners

In the framework of projects developed with ESA and European countries (launchers, Exomars, Cosmic Vision…).

With the major players in the field of space: The United States, Russia, Japan, India, China… In specific cooperation with various partners: Israel, Thailand, Argentina, Algeria, Brazil, Korea…

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CNES

EVRY

TOULOUSE

KOUROU

PARIS

centres for complementary vocations 4

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The centres

Headquarters

Launch baseAriane 5 Soyouz Vega Preparation for the future

TOULOUS

E 1760

KOUROU

265

PARIS 192

Launchers study, design, development of Ariane, Soyouz, Vega launch systems, preparation for the future

EVRY

234

Orbital vehicles study, design,

development and control of satellites

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■ 29,637 direct jobs in Europe including 11,355 in France

■ An institutional space budget

of €30/year/inhabitant in France

Institutional budget in millions of €

France Leading European space nation

Budget

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Germany Italy France

2000

2000

2200

€1096M

€770M

€2115M

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Our programmes

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Access

Security

& Defence

Earth environment climate

Strategic fields Applications

for the public

Of the Universe Sciences

to Space

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Soyouz

Ariane 5

The range of

launchers

Access to space

1.5 t (SSO)

at GSC

Vega

3 t (GTO)

10 t (GTO)

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European cargo vessel, fully automated and unmanned. Europe's major contribution to the ISS. Designed to refuel and ensure orbit heightening manoeuvres of ISS during 6 months of docking. Edoardo Amaldi (3rd version) was launched on 23 March, 2012 Johannes Kepler (2nd version) was launched on 16 February, 2011 Jules Verne (1st version) was launched on 3 April, 2008 and docked with the ISS. The mission ended on 29 September, 2008.

Access to space

ATV Automated Transfer Vehicle

Three other vehicles are to follow.

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Developed and implemented by CNES on behalf of ESA.

Situated at the Toulouse space centre, ATV-CC ensures the functioning of operations

related to the ATV (rendez-vous with the station, manoeuvres, re-entry into the

atmosphere...).

Access to space

ATV The control centre

During operations, it functions round the clock in close relation with the control stations at Houston and Moscow.

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Developed by CNES to meet requirements in astronomy and atmospheric studies. They are operated in the "middle" atmosphere between 12 and 45 km altitude.

Access to space

Kiruna 2011 BSO (Zero pressure balloons) BAMED - Menorca BPCL (boundary layer pressurized balloons) (study water in Mediterranean Sea)

2 scientific Campaigns occurred for 2011:

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Telecommunications

&

health Navigatio

n Space

Data collection Search

& Rescue

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Europe's contribution towards the first step

of the global navigation satellite system

(GNSS) preceding Galileo.

Consists of 3

geostationary satellites and a ground station

network which certify the GPS signal quality and improve accuracy.


Egnos Navigation/Positioning

Operational since 2008 while awaiting commissioning of Galileo: the open service was launched on 1 October, 2009. The operator certification expected in mid 2010 will allow use of EGNOS for Civil Aviation.

Developed jointly by ESA/ CNES/ European Commission/ Eurocontrol, EGNOS is

henceforth a European infrastructure managed by the European Commission, operated by the

company ESSP based in Toulouse.

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Galileo

Towards the future


Absolute positioning accuracy: up to 1 metre. 30 satellites placed in circular orbits at intermediate altitude. Technical and financial organisation unified between the European commission and ESA. Procurement and deployment of the system (FOC phase) on European public funding is involved.

Navigation/Positioning

Offers various services: Open service similar to GPS

Commercial service to professional users

Regulated service (governmental)

"Life safety" service

"Search and Rescue" Service

CNES's role: government's expert, assistant to the project owners (ESA and EU),

definition of frequencies and the form of signals, technological expertise.

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Telecommunications system


ALPHABUS

A joint ESA-CNES programme to develop a platform for high-power geostationary satellites, common to TAS and Astrium, on the initiative of CNES. ESA/ CNES project team integrated in Toulouse. Generic platform for telecommunications geostationary satellite. Development of the first alphasat/Inmarsat XL satellite base on the alphabus platform by Inmarsat operator.

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Development & demonstration of Telecom applications


High Speed Internet in Trains: through a partnership agreement, CNES provides expertise to the French Rail network, SNCF, to offer high speed Internet access by satellite to its users on board TGV EST lines.

Development of new telecommunication services : CNES, via CESARS (European Centre for the promotion and development of Services and Applications using

Space Radiocommunication systems) which is part of State-Region Project Contract,

puts its telecommunication facilities at the service of the SMIs/ SMEs, industry and institutional organisations.

R&D: Study and demonstration of new concepts and emerging services, such as, 3D Television without glasses.

Telecommunications system

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Applications for the public Data collection

A watchful eye on our planet

Argos data collection and locating system dedicated to environmental study and

protection under bilateral cooperations with NOAA, Eumetsat and ISRO (India), and used by CLS.

The information collected by Argos is used

in various applications: ocean observation, protection of fauna,

management of fishing activities.

is under development. ARGOS 4

ARGOS

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29,000 persons saved across the world since 1982.

Applications for the public Search & Rescue

Sarsat

and rescue

Cospas

satellites for search

4 founding countries: France, Canada, the United

States, Russia and 35 other member countries.

Satellite detection and locating programme for maritime, aeronautic or land

emergencies, indicated by beacons.

Receiving stations and European nodal mission control centre at CNES.

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Education and training:

Applications for the public Space serving citizens

Crisis management with

Emergesat

distance learning and long-distance healthcare.

Greater accessibility to healthcare:

predict and monitor epidemics.

Health

Space access to healthcare for all

&

provide services remotely to remote

areas

Environment/ climate/ health:

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is a dynamic, complex system of movements comprising many interactive layers: atmosphere, biosphere, ocean, land areas...

Study and observation of planet Earth

The Earth

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Land areas (Spot 5, Pléiades, Venµs).

Atmosphere, ocean, climate, chemistry, meteorology

(Polder/Parasol, Calipso, IASI, Megha-Tropiques).

Ocean, sea level

(Jason 2, Smos, SARAL, CFOSAT).

Solid earth, geodesy, geomagnetism (Déméter, Swarm, Goce).

combined with in situ observations and digital simulations, for understanding, monitoring and predicting the state of the plant to adapt locally and globally to climatic changes.

The "Sentinel" Satellites

of the Earth


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Spot 5 is equipped with optical instruments capable of detecting details from 10 m to 2.5m on an observation range of 60km to generate digital terrain models.

Earth Observation

SPOT

A family of satellites for high resolution Earth observation

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Study of the role of clouds and aerosols in climatic change:


Atmosphere/ Climate

A-TRAIN Participation in the international

space observatory

PARASOL Cnes project (microsat Myriade) launched in 2004. CALIPSO Cnes/Nasa project (Proteus platform) launched in 2006, in formation with the American satellites

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Demonstration with Jason 2 of operational oceanography similar to operational meteorology.


Oceanography

Jason towards operational oceanography

CNES/NASA project

(extended to NOAA and EUMETSAT).

Launched on 21 June, 2008

Continuation of the programme with Jason 3.

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The International charter of "Space and major disasters" for crisis management

Proposed by CNES, ESA and CSA, joined by numerous space agencies. Enables quick implementation of space observation resources to manage crises more effectively. Could be completed by a "telecoms" charter.

More than 250 activations since 2000.

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GMES

Global surveillance of the Earth

Start in 2011 of the GIO programme (GMES Initial Operations) preparing a GMES operational programme.

Signature of a CNES/ ESA agreement on technical expertise. of S2 & S3"sentinel" missions, and supply of DORIS on S3.

Participation of CNES in certain "Core" GMES services such as GEOLAND 2.

Thematic services implemented since 2008 in the field of oceanography, continental surfaces, civil security and the atmosphere. Contribution of CNES to the creation of autonomous European environmental and security surveillance on various scales.

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Astronomy and Astrophysics

Solar system

Sun, heliosphere, magnetosphere

Exobiology

Fundamental physics

Scientific contribution to the use of the International Space Station

Sciences of the Universe

Preparing the future

In order to better understand the origin of the Universe, increase our knowledge and understanding of its constituent objects and to understand the origin of life.

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Astronomy/ Astrophysics

Corot

Launched in December 2006 by a Soyouz launcher

Study of the internal structure of 150 stars (asterosiesmology) and research of planets orbiting 180,000 stars (through the transit method). Collaborative project: CNES/Laboratories and 6 international partners including ESA.


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Herschel

to understand the birth of stars and galaxies

Launched on 14 May, 2009 by the Ariane5 launcher

ESA's astronomical space observatory in the far infrared region and submillimeter waves, to study in particular the first stars and galaxies formed 12 billion years ago, interstellar clouds and regions of star formation. ESA programme. CNES contributes to the 3 instruments SPIRE, PACS and HIFI.


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Planck to observe the remains of the Big Bang

Launched on 14 May, 2009 by the Ariane5 launcher

ESA mission to map the minute anisotropy of radiation of the cosmic microwave and submillimeter background. CNES contributes to the Planck-HFI instrument and its data processing centre, which will provide maps of the cosmic submillimeter background with very high space resolution and very high sensitivity over a wide range of frequencies.


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Scientific mission for the ESA programme Aurora demonstrating the European technological capacity to land on the surface of Mars and deploy a mobile vehicle carrying scientific instruments.

The solar system

Exomars

Europe on Mars

In collaboration with NASA, the project has 2 scheduled launches:

2016, launch of a scientific satellite ensuring the relay function and a demonstrator probe for landing on Mars. 2018, deployment of a surface vehicle. France is contributing to this optional programme. CNES assists in the development of scientific instruments and ensures certain activities on behalf of ESA.


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Solar physics

Picard Study on solar variability

Launched on 15 June, 2010.

Onboard telescope on a Myriade microsatellite for accurate measurements of the Sun: Study of the dynamics and internal structure of the Sun, influence of solar forcing on the Earth's climate. CNES is responsible for the complete system and the microsatellite. French Swiss Belgian collaboration.


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Fundamental physics

T2L2 the laser telemetry

the relative positioning of Jason 2

Jason 2 passenger instrument responsible for comparing the remote time signals from various points over the globe through a 2-way optical link. Instrument mission centre: CNES. Scientific mission centre: Côte d’Azur observatory.


Launched on 20 June, 2008.

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study of the Cardiovascular

system.

Scientific contribution to the use of ISS

equipment to determine the functional status of the cardiovascular system and medical checks for astronauts.

Cardiomed

physics of fluids, supercritical

environments and phenomena of solidification in micro-gravity.

Déclic studies of products and

chemical mixtures exposed to space and

solar radiation.

Cardiolab

Expose


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Mars Science Laboratory (NASA, launched in 2011)

Exploration on Mars, CNES contributes to the instruments - SAM and

CHEMCAM and is preparing to operate CHEMCAM as soon as it

arrives on Mars. Lisa Pathfinder (ESA, launch in 2013) Technological demonstrator for studying gravitational waves. Gaia (ESA, launch in 2013) Detailed mapping of our galaxy. CNES is responsible for the French component of the device for processing the scientific data.

Plus, CNES' participation in other missions

Cassini (ESA, in flight since 1997) American orbiter of Saturn + Huygens on Titan. XMM-Newton (ESA, in flight since 1999) X-ray space observatory. Integral (ESA, in flight since 2002) Gamma ray space observatory. Mars Express (ESA, in flight since 2003) First European Mars mission. Rosetta (ESA, in flight since 2004) Observation of the comet Churyumov-

Gerasimenko, in 2014. CNES participation in the PHILAE lander. Venus Express (ESA, in flight since 2005) Observation of Venus' dense atmosphere.

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CNES, by delegation from the French defence procurement authority, DGA, is project owner for the space component of defence

programmes. It is also responsible for the operational management of defence satellites.

The CNES-Defence team, including personnel from CNES, Chiefs of staff and the DGA, is responsible for preparing for the future, monitoring projects, implementation of dual systems and R&T in the fields of defence and security.

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Earth Observation

Hélios 2 the new generation of optical satellites

Knowledge and pre-emption, offering our country's leaders the autonomy to assess, decide and take action.

Increase in the quality of services provided with the Hélios 1 system (improved resolution, infrared capability and greater manoeuvrability).

Programme executed in collaboration

with Belgium, Spain, Italy and Greece and image exchange agreements with Italy and Germany.

Hélios 2A launched in December 2004.

Hélios 2B launched into orbit on 18 December 2009.

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Earth Observation

Pléiades

new generation dual Earth observation system

High resolution (0.7 m) and very high manoeuvrability, that meets the requirements of various users by minimising conflicts. Development of the programme in collaboration with Austria, Belgium, Spain and Sweden.

Launched on 17 December, 2011 by Soyouz at GSC.

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The CSO (Optical Space Component) of the future

European system MUSIS (MUltinational Space-based

Imaging System for surveillance, reconnaissance and

observation) developed by France with CNES through

delegation of the DGA for the first phases.


Earth Observation

CSO MUSIS MUltinational Space-based Imaging System for surveillance, reconnaissance and observation

CSO will follow on from Hélios 2 as of 2016 with improved spatial and spectral resolution and greater agility (similar to Pléiades).

3 CSO satellites will be placed into orbit, two on high orbit for reconnaissance and one on low orbit for identification.

The cost of information will be divided by more than 100 when compared to Hélios 2 thanks to on-board technologies.

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Telecommunications

Athena-Fidus a Defence and Security

telecommunications satellite

Athéna-Fidus will be an excellent addition element to the highly secure defence operational system Syracuse.

Geostationary satellite project in Ka band, in collaboration with Italy, for non-secure high speed communications with a large number of ground terminals (operations troops, civil security, drones, etc.).

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Security and defence Electronic eavesdropping

ROEM Electromagnetic Intelligence ESSAIM, ELISA, CERES

ELISA is a set of 4 satellites developed jointly by CNES

and the DGA. It is a pre-operational ROEM demonstrator for characterisation and location of radars.

ELISA follows ESSAIM (electronic tapping of communication networks) launched in 2004 and preparing the operational project CERES (tapping communications and radars).

ELISA has been launched along with Pléiades.

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CNES operates 15 satellites in low orbit and ensures anticollision monitoring; to this effect, it carries out 3 to 4 collision avoidance manoeuvres every year. Information on space debris comes from USA (NASA and US Air Force), from the AirForce GRAVES radar, DGA radars and the German radar TIRA. CNES is contributing to the future ESA programme concerning surveillance from space, designed to equip Europe with the means to prevent satellite collisions and limit space debris.


Space Surveillance

CNES cross-functional activities

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Telecommunications

Research & Technology (1/2)

Earth Observation

Cosmic Vision

A research programme covering all technical requirements of a space system:

The future orbital systems

Carried out in partnership with various research

institutions (CNRS, Universities, CEA, ONERA) and industrial

organisations equipment manufacturers, SMEs, Software suppliers). On which CNES spends over €20M per year in external expenses and which represents 70 to 80 CNES FTE STAFF. With an annual peer review.

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Research & Technology (2/2)

A demonstrators programme which consolidates the technical

maturity of the products from R&T:

On which CNES spends €2M per year in external expenses.

Promoting the integration of innovative techniques in space projects.

Harmonisation with technological programs

of the European Space Agency.

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To ensure proper consideration, by the space sector, of the best research and developments

carried out in other fields of activity.

To ensure dissemination of the expertise from the space sector

to other fields of activity.

To contribute to CNES' technical policy.

Centres of Technical Competence (1/2)

an original set-up

A structure for networked intellectual events, forming a coherent centre of technical excellence:

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Information on CNES' areas of expertise. Transfer of fundamental research applied research. Identification of skills and technological breakthroughs from participating organisations and industries, relevant to the

space sector. Maintenance and development of skills through information flows. Support for innovation policy through the continual provision of information exchange, especially with users.

Centres of Technical Competence (2/2)

A network open to all 64 events per year.

1,523 members including 910 non-CNES members.

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Our Earth needs space…

Space is vital to the future of humanity

CNES is ready to meet the challenges and realise these ambitions, in its second multi-year contract with the Government, with a vision for space: satellite constellations - the "guardian angles" which preserve and protect our planet for future generations, major missions for exploring the cosmos and the solar system.

In the interests of planet Earth,

"let’s not deprive ourselves of space"

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Thank You

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