Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Coastal Management in Indonesia in Decentralized

Era

Hendra Yusran Siry• EEOS Visiting Research Fellow

• The United Nations- Nippon Foundation Fellowship 2006 - 2007

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, defenses, transportation, mining, and communication. Decentralization on coastal zone management is required, especially for tropical coastal environment. Community-based management should be encouraged to ensure the proper management of coastal resources.

EEOS CZM 324 Class Fall SemesterOctober 30, 2006

Science Centre, UMass Boston

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

About my self:

HENDRA YUSRAN SIRYHENDRA YUSRAN SIRYPlannerPlanner

Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research (AMFR)Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research (AMFR)Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF)Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF)

Jl. M.T. Haryono Kav. 52-53, PancoranJl. M.T. Haryono Kav. 52-53, PancoranJakarta 12770, IndonesiaJakarta 12770, Indonesia

Web: Web: http://www.dkp.go.id

PhD Candidate Resource Management in Asia-Pacific Program (RMAP) Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies (RSPAS)The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200

AustraliaTelp : + 61 2 6125 8072 Facsimile : + 61 2 6125 4896

e-mail : hendra.siry@anu.edu.auweb : http://rspas.anu.edu.au/rmap/

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

• Introduction to Indonesia • Overview of Coastal Management • Decentralization and Learning from

Pilots• Ministry of Marine Affairs and

Fisheries• Efforts and Initiatives• Conclusions

Overview of presentation

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Boston

9935 miles (15990 km) (8634 nautical miles)

Jakarta

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Wash, DC

Chicago

Portland

INDONESIA: VAST LAND, SEA, POPULATION

JUST FOR COMPARISON….

Kalimantan > ThailandSumatra > Sweden, IraqPapua > California, MontanaSulawesi > South Dakota

Java ~ Arkansas, Greece

Kalimantan

Sumatra

Papua

Java

Sulawesi

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Introduction to Indonesia

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Introduction to Indonesia (I)• Indonesia’s is the World’s largest archipelago

81,000 km of coastline

17,500 islands (official count underway)

Stretches over 3 equatorial time zones

• Marine waters cover 75% of the national area (~ 5.8 million km2), with third largest EEZ in the world (2.7 million km2 )

• Fourth largest population in the world (~230 million people)

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Introduction to Indonesia (II)

~ 80% of coastal population engages in marine resource-dependent activities

24% of Indonesia’s GDP comes from marine industries – it serves as direct employment for >16 million people

~66% of Indonesia’s animal-based protein consumption is fish, including non-coastal populations (FAO, 2000)

60-95% of population lives within 100 km of the coast (WRI, 2001)

Coastal poverty, lack of education, population growth continues

Coastal resources degradation

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Coastal Degradation

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Coral mining

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Coral graveyards

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Coastal erosion

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Waste problems

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Overexploitation and destructive fishing

• Muro Ami Fishing

Overfishing

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Destructive fishing

• Blast fishing

• Fishing with cyanide

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Sewage from industrial and domestic

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Overview Coastal

Management

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Source: Siry (2006)

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Overview of Coastal Management (1)

• The first Indonesian long-term development plan (1969 – 1993) emphasized terrestrial resources (forestry, mining)

Fisheries considered minorTourism insignificant

• Central coastal projects implemented general one-size-fit all solutions (GIS training, data collection, etc.) in regions

• Shifting management of coastal zone to be more decentralized to local governments

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

• Political transition; just begin the decentralization process;

• Dealing with domestic geopolitical situations;

• Issues of local government capacities and capabilities;

• Requirements for decentralized CZM = enabling conditions for making decentralized CZM work = institutional disciplines;

• Establishment the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF).

Overview of Coastal Management (2)

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Decentralization and Learning

from Pilots

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Decentralization and Learning Decentralization and Learning from Pilotsfrom Pilots

• Began ICM pilots in the regions: Riau Coastal Zone Land Use Management Coastal Environmental Management and

Planning (CEMP) Balikpapan Bay Management Plan North Sulawesi CB-CRM

• New Approaches included: Facilitating across sectors Focusing on local needs Involving local stakeholders in decision-

making Creating legal frameworks

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

• Large population,• Intensity and density of development growth,• History of area growth,• Diversity of marine and coastal resources,• Economic considerations,• Local needs merit local management,• Efficient and effectiveness (decision making

process, communication, bureaucracy).

Reasons for decentralized CZM

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Opportunities and Implications

• Tailored management to coastal issues• New opportunities to revitalize and institutionalize local

specific values, norms and rights into governance system• Shifting from:

Centralization:

• ignorance of marine and coastal issues

•lack of recognition of local values

Decentralization: • district levels have more legal backup to manage coastal zone

• recognition of local values

Institutional, Budgeting and Human Resources

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Get closer to the law (1)Article 18 Law 32/2004:

Districts and municipalities (Kabupaten/Kota):

1)Authority (not territory) to manage the resources

2)Sharing revenue

3)Task: · Exploration, exploitation, conservation and management · Administrative decentralization· Spatial planning· Law enforcement · Role in national sovereignty

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Get closer to the law(2)

(4) Authority to manage:· Province: 12 nautical miles seaward· Kabupaten/kota: 1/3 of province· Midline principle (prinsip garis tengah) for marine

waters less than above

(5) Exception for subsistence and traditional fishermen

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

12 nm

4 nm

0 nm

Current Shifting Policy in Indonesian CZM

• Law 34/2004 (previously 22/1999) has significantly changed the governance coastal and marine resources

• Implementation of the two laws on decentralization

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Get closer to the law(2)

(4) Authority to manage:· Province: 12 nautical miles seaward· Kabupaten/kota: 1/3 of province· Midline principle (prinsip garis tengah) for marine

waters less than above

(5) Exception for subsistence and traditional fishermen

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

In summary the laws are:

More local concerned More fiscal balance

Better services delivery More devolution and delegation

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Ministry of Marine

Affairs and Fisheries

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries

• Established in 1999 with mandate To increase economic growth through sustainable

fisheries and ocean development activities;

To ensure fair distribution of income and other development benefits among fisheries and ocean stakeholders;

To ensure the maintenance of carrying capacity and quality of coastal and marine environment.

• With the establishment of MMAF = marine and fisheries sector starts to awaken, more attention to the livelihood of the coastal communities, projected targets for increased contribution to the economy are becoming eminent

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE• Minister• Secretariat General• Directorate General of Coastal and Small Islands

Affairs• Directorate General of Capture Fisheries• Directorate General of Aquaculture Development• Directorate General of Marketing • Directorate General of Sea Surveillance • Inspectorate General • Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

MINISTRY OF FISHERIES AND MARINE AFFAIRS

DG OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT

DG OF CAPTURE FISHERIES

DG OF CAPACITY BUILDING & MARKETING

DG OF SEA SURVEILLANCE

INSPECTORAT GENERAL

AGENCY FOR MARINE AND

FISHERY RESEACH

SECRETARIAT GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

DIR OF FISHERY RESOURCES

DIR OF GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF FISHERY RESOURCES

DIR OF FISH BREEDING

DIR OF CAPTURE FISHERY FACILITIES

DIR OF ENTERPRENERSHIP INSTITUTION

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF EINVIRONMETAL

SERVICES

DIR OF AQUACULTURE INFRASTRUCTURE

DIR OF CAPTURE FISHERY INFRASTUCTURES

DIR OF FISH MARKETING

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF ECOSYSTEM

DIR OF FISH CULTURE DEVELOPMENT

DIR CAPTURE SERVICES

DIR OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF INFRASTUCTURE AND

FACILITIES

DIR OF FISH HEALT MANAGEMENT

DIR OF PRODUCT QUALITY AND POST

HARVEST

DIR OF VIOLATION CONTROL

DIR OF FISH CULTURE POST HARVEST

DIR OF INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTION

DG OF COASTAL AND SMALL ISLANDS

AFFAIR

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

DIR OF SPATIAL PLANNING FOR SEA, COASTAL AND

SMALL ISLANDS

DIR OF CONSERVATION AND NATIONAL MARINE

PARK

DIR COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

DIR OF SMALL ISLANDS MANAGEMENT

DIR OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMWNT

MINISTRY OF FISHERIES AND MARINE AFFAIRS

DG OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT

DG OF CAPTURE FISHERIES

DG OF CAPACITY BUILDING & MARKETING

DG OF SEA SURVEILLANCE

INSPECTORAT GENERAL

AGENCY FOR MARINE AND

FISHERY RESEACH

SECRETARIAT GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

DIR OF FISHERY RESOURCES

DIR OF GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF FISHERY RESOURCES

DIR OF FISH BREEDING

DIR OF CAPTURE FISHERY FACILITIES

DIR OF ENTERPRENERSHIP INSTITUTION

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF EINVIRONMETAL

SERVICES

DIR OF AQUACULTURE INFRASTRUCTURE

DIR OF CAPTURE FISHERY INFRASTUCTURES

DIR OF FISH MARKETING

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF ECOSYSTEM

DIR OF FISH CULTURE DEVELOPMENT

DIR CAPTURE SERVICES

DIR OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT

DIR OF SURVEILLANCE OF INFRASTUCTURE AND

FACILITIES

DIR OF FISH HEALT MANAGEMENT

DIR OF PRODUCT QUALITY AND POST

HARVEST

DIR OF VIOLATION CONTROL

DIR OF FISH CULTURE POST HARVEST

DIR OF INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTION

DG OF COASTAL AND SMALL ISLANDS

AFFAIR

SECRETARIAT DIRECTORATE GENERAL

DIR OF SPATIAL PLANNING FOR SEA, COASTAL AND

SMALL ISLANDS

DIR OF CONSERVATION AND NATIONAL MARINE

PARK

DIR COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

DIR OF SMALL ISLANDS MANAGEMENT

DIR OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMWNT

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Major Programs :

• Empowerment of coastal and fisheries communities

• Improvement of contribution to economic growth (development of aquaculture, etc)

• Rehabilitation and conservation of habitat and ecosystem

• Building public awareness that sea as unifying factor for the nation

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Efforts and Initiatives

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Current Efforts :• Integrated Coastal Management through

implementation of this ICM approach in all provinces and coastal districts/cities, particularly through MCRMP, CRMP, COREMAP phase II Projects and with MMAF de-concentration program.

• Community-based Small-Island Management and Sustainable Development.

• Empowering Socioeconomic of Coastal Community, through poverty alleviation, alternative income generating, access to the capital and technology to rehabilitate the coastal ecosystem as well as to reduce the anthropogenic impacts.

• Coastal-Marine Resource Conservation and Marine National Parks. This activity covers the phasing out management of the current six Marine National Parks

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

• A Marine Affairs and Fisheries Ministerial Decree No. 10/MEN/2002 for Integrated Coastal Management has been issued by 9 April 2002, to endorse the implementation of Integrated Coastal Management Approach on local government coastal areas.

• This policy will be followed by a series of national guidelines for

integrated coastal management, marine spatial plan

small-island management

coastal community empowerment

Creating Partners with the Regions

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

• MMAF has initiated a Coastal and Small Island Management Bill that provide provision for decentralized integrated coastal management through partnership and community based management.

• Developed under an open and public process• Background and justification info widely available

and published • Draft law completed for public review/comment• Based on mandatory and voluntary provisions• Creates a nested system from National to

Provincial to District to Village

Legal Framework: Dealing with Partnership and Incentives

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

• The multilateral Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program (COREMAP) Phase I & II

• Bilateral Aid program such as CRMP – USAID; INTECOREEF – JICA; CEPI and EMDI - CIDA

• Marine conservation program that are carried out by non various research institutions

• The most recent integrated coastal management project will be MCRMP in 15 provinces and 43 districts/cities

• Blended together to make holistic program

PARTNERS in PROJECTS

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Recent Achievement• Gradual implementation of MCS• Harmonization of quality standards (Mutual

Recognition Arrangements/MRA signed)• Establishment of super-hatchery for marine fish

Launching of monitoring program of the migration and distribution of fish stocks to support fishermen operation

• Strong support expressed by local government and various stakeholders

• Enactment of New Fisheries Act• The process of making Coastal Zone

Management Act

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Conclusion

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Conclusion (1)

• Coastal zone management in Indonesia faces large scale social, economic and environmental problems;

• Coastal zone management in Indonesia is in devolved experiment (two ways with more concern to local capacities, resources and solutions. Special treatments apply for experimentation).

• It has improved its framework;...but ..it needs much stronger political will;

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Conclusion (2)

• Challenge: how to make decentralized coastal zone management work for Indonesia · effective and efficient functioning of

government· creating the enabling conditions and avoiding

misperception of decentralization

• The role of central government (especially MMAF) is an essential

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

Thank you

Coastal zones have been used for multi-purposes including tourism, fisheries, transportation, mining, and communication. These multiple uses combined with rapid economic and industrial growth in recent decades have

attracted an increasing percentage of population to live in coastal areas. The increasing number of population with its related consequences has resulted in depleted and degraded coastal and marine resources, like what has

happened in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Ignorance of the role of community in implementing integrated coastal management

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