Code of practice
flammability safety of children's dress-up
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 2
CONTENTS
1. Introduction.............................................................................3
2. Scope .............................................................................................4
3. Method of Test
3.1Introduction ..................................................................................................... 5
3.2Definitions ....................................................................................................... 5
3.3ModificationstoexistingEN71-2method ............................................... 6
3.4Pre-Treatment ................................................................................................. 6
3.5Sampling ...........................................................................................................7
3.6TestSpecimens ............................................................................................... 9
3.7TestResults ....................................................................................................12
4. Requirements & test report
4.1Requirements ................................................................................................13
4.2TestReport ....................................................................................................13
5. explanatory notes ............................................................... 14
6. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ........................................... 15
appendix a: rationale ............................................................. 18
appendix b: case studies ........................................................ 21
references ....................................................................................24
LABORATORY CONTACTS .............................................................25
ACKNOWLeDGEMENTS ..................................................................26
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 3
1. INTRODUCTIONCLOTHING CAN BURN RAPIDLY WHEN ACCIDENTALLY IGNITED BY CONTACT WITH AN OPEN FLAME OR SIGNIFICANT HEAT SOURCE. THIS CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY, BURNS AND POTENTIALLY DEATH. CHILDREN ARE ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE IN CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE THEY ARE PLAYING WITHOUT SUITABLE ADULT SUPERVISION AND EXPOSED TO THESE CONDITIONS.
Asaresultoftheincreasedrisk,mandatoryregulationsareinplacetocontrolthefireperformanceofthefabricsusedinnightwearandtoys,alongwithcompulsorylabellingtomaketheconsumermoreawareofthedangers:
yTheNightwear(Safety)Regulations1985
yTheToySafetyDirective2009/48/EC/ToySafetyRegulations2011
However,consideringthepotentialriskandvulnerabilityofchildren,ourmembershaveconsideredwhetheritisnecessarytogobeyondthecurrentEN71-2testingstandardtoensuresafety.
Followingthesediscussions,theBRChasworkedwiththeBritishStandardsTechnicalCommitteetoapproachCENwithaviewtoreviewingtheappropriatenessoftheexistingteststandardEN71-2.InJuly2016,CENvoted toreviseEN71-2andtheUKwilltakealeadingrole inthisprocess.
BRCmembersrecognisetheirdutyofcaretotheircustomers,andtheirresponsibilityinsellingproductsthatarebothsafeandlegal.Whilststatisticsandcompliancewithexistingtestmethodsdonotindicatethatdress-upoutfitsareunsafe,retailerswanttogofurther.Thisistoensuresafetytestmethodsreflectthehazardspresentedbytoday’sstyleofcostumes,fabricsandfinishesused.
ThedevelopmentofarevisedEuropeanstandardwilltaketime,sotheBRCanditsmembershaveintroducedtwovoluntaryCodesofPracticetofurtherenhancethesafetyofchildren’sdressupclothing.TheserequirementsareinadditiontotherequirementsoftheToySafetyDirective/EN71-2andarebeingmadeavailableforanyonetouse.
1. AdditionalFlammabilityLabellingofChildren’sDress-up
2. MethodofTestfortheFlammabilitySafetyofChildren’sDress-up
IndevelopingthisCodeofPracticeitisthestateddesireofBRCthatflameretardantchemicalsarenotusedinchildren’sdress-upcostumesduetoconcernsinrelationtotheirpotentialtoxiceffectonbothhumansandtheenvironment.Howeveritisnotnecessaryformaterialstobetestedtoprovetheabsenceofflameretardantchemicals.
ThisCodeofPracticehasbeenendorsedbyTheRoyalSocietyforthePreventionofAccidents(RoSPA),TheNationalFireChiefsCouncil(NFCC),BedfordshireandLutonFireandRescueService(BLFRS)andtheChildren’sBurnsTrust.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 4
2. SCOPE
Thescopeofthisdocumentcoverstoydressingupasidentifiedinthefollowingrelevantlegislation/standards:
1. Article2(Scope)oftheToySafetyDirective(TSD)2009/48/ECdefinesatoya“aproductdesignedorintended,whetherornotexclusively,foruseinplaybychildrenunder14yearsofage”.
2. Children’sdressing-upoutfitshavetocomplywithalltherequirementsoftheToySafetyDirective.Dressing-upoutfitsarecoveredbytheEuropeanHarmonisedStandardEN71-2:SafetyofToys:Flammability,Section4.3ToyDisguiseCostumesandToysIntendedtobeWornbyaChildinPlay.
3. EUGuidanceDocument17ontheApplicationoftheDirectiveonTheSafetyofToys,CarnivalCostumes(disguisecostumes,fancydress).
ApresumptionofconformancewiththeToySafetyDirectiveisgivenbycompliancewiththeharmonisedstandard.
ThisvoluntaryCodeofPractice(COP)isdesignedtoenhancethetestingrequirementsforthesetypeofproducts.Thisdoesnotprecludemembersfromusingthesametestingforotherproducts.
Thiscodeofpracticedoesnotcoveradultdressing upclothing.
TestingThetestmethodwillbereferredtoastheBRCModifiedEN71-2test.
LaboratoriesconductingthistestshouldbeaccreditedtoISO17025(UKASorequivalentundertheILACMLA)withthestandardEN71-2testontheirScopeofAccreditation.
Attentionisdrawntotheamendedguidanceinthisdocumentregardingtestingwithouttheneedfor pre-treatmentexceptwherefinishessuchasglitterarepresentandwhichmaybeaffectedbythepre-treatmentinamannerwhichfailstorepresentthepotential worst-casescenariowhentheitemis'new'.Testing ofmaterialsafterpre-treatmentisalreadyaddressedwithintheexistingEN71-2testingmethodology.
Foragegradeddress-upclothing,itisrecommendedthatthelargestsizeissubmittedfortestingalthoughitmaybenecessarytotestmorethanonesizeintheagerange.Thenumberofsamplestypicallyrequiredtoundertakeafulltestwilldependontypeandcomplexityofthecostume.Amaximumofsixgarmentswouldprobablysufficeinmostinstances,butinsomecasesadditionalgarmentsmaystillberequiredtocoverallthevariations.Forsimplerdesigns(largecapesorsimpletopandtrousersetsmadefromunembellishedfabric)–asfewas1or2garmentscouldberequired.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 5
3. METHOD OF TEST FOR DRESS-UP COSTUMES USING THE BRC MODIFIED EN71-2 TEST
3.1 IntroductionItisproposedthatthemodificationssetoutinthisprotocolareappliedevenwhenconductingtestinginaccordancewithEN71-2:2011+A1:2014clause5.4.NothinginthisprotocolpreventsmaterialswhichcanbetestedtotheexistingEN71-2methodoftest(clause5.4)frombeingtestedorprecludesthesamplesfrombeingassessedforcompliancewiththerequirementsofEN71-2.However,thisprotocolprovidesadditionalprocedureswhichshallbeusedtoaddressmanyoftheperceivedshortcomingswithintheexistingmethodoftestarisingfromparticularflammabilitybehavioursofconcernand/orthelackofavailabilityofsufficientmaterialtopermittherequiredEN71-2testtobecarriedout.
Giventhatcertainmaterialsmaybeusedinmorethanonestyleofdress-upcostume,albeitindifferingcolourwaysorwithvariationsinprinteddesign,itmaybemoreadvantageoustofabricmanufacturerstoperformthetestingtothisprotocolonthefabricpriortogarmentmanufactureandforthedress-upcostumemanufacturertocross-referencebetweenthefabrictestreportandthedifferentstylesinwhichthatfabrichasbeenused.Thiswillbothreducetheamountofduplicationoftestingneeded(therebyprovidingapotentialcostsaving)andpermitthetestingusingfullsizespecimens.Italsoprovidesthefacilitywherebydress-upcostumemanufacturecansourcematerialswhichhavealreadybeenverifiedasmeetingtheBRCflammabilityrequirements.Thisinturnpotentiallyreducestheamountoftestingrequiredonthefinaldress-upcostumetoanevaluationof‘features’.
3.2 definitionNARROW FABRIC:Afabricorcomponentwhoselengthissubstantiallylongerthanitswidthandthewidthdoesnotexceed5cm.Examplesofnarrowfabricsincludebraid,cords,webbing,ribbons,lacetrim,etc.
PRINT:Adistinctareaofcolourationwhichisappliedseparately tothesurfaceofthefabricafterfabricmanufacture. Thisincludesheattransfers,plastisolprints,placementprints,etc.Howeverdischargeprintsorwhichhavebeendigitallyprintedorrollerprintedduringfabricmanufacturingshallnotbeconsideredtobe‘prints’for thepurposeofthisdefinition(seeA.6).
‘DID NOT IGNITE’:Thephrase‘Didnotignite’isdefinedasbeingnoignitionofthetestspecimenwithanyflamingofthetestspecimenduringoraftertheapplicationoftheignitionsourcehavingadurationoflessthan1second.Fabricswhichsustainaflameforlongerthan1secondbutwhichdonotburntothefirstmarkerthread50mmabovethebottomedgeofthetestspecimenarenotconsideredtofulfilthisdefinition.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 6
3.3 modifications to en71-2 method1. Anadditionaltripthreadshallbepositionedhalfwaybetweentheexisting2threads(i.e.250mmabovethefirsttripthreadand300mmabovetheloweredgeofthetestspecimen).Itisrecommendedthatthisisincludedevenwheresufficientmaterialisavailabletocarryoutthetest,inaccordancewiththeexistingEN71-2method.
100%cottonmarkerthread
Figure 1: Modified Specimen Holder
3.4 pre-treatment
1. Dress-upcostumesandthefabricsintendedtobeusedinthemshouldbetestedinthe‘asreceived’conditiononly. ThetestinginthisCodeofPracticeisintendedtosupplementthatofEN71-2inwhichdressupcostumesintendedforchildrenunder36marerequiredtobecapableofbeingwashedandthereforethebehaviourofthecomponentmaterialsafterwashingwillautomaticallybeassessedbythemandatorytestingrequiredunderEN71-2. -Dress-upcostumesintendedforchildrenincluding thoseunder36mshallbetestedafterpre-treatment.
-Dress-upcostumesintendedforchildrenincluding thoseunder36mwhich,afterpre-treatment,produce anoticeableordetrimentalchangeinappearance shallalsobetestedinthe'asreceived'condition.
-Dress-upcostumesintendedonlyforchildrenover theageof36mshallbetestedinthe'asreceived' condition.
-Dress-upcostumesforchildrenofanyagewhich includeglitterprintedorsimilarprintedmaterials thatmayresultinnoticeableordetrimentalchange shallbetestedinboththe'asreceived'conditionand afterpre-treatment.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 7
3.5 sampling1. Allfabricsshallbetestedinbothlengthandwidth
directionsunlessitisstatedthatthematerialisnotintendedtobeusedinsleevesorthecostumeisintendedtobewornontheupperbodyonlyandtheloweredgeofthatcostume(orpartofthecostume)doesfallbelowthecrotch.(seeA.1,A.2). Sleeveswhicharelessthan160mminlength(measuredontheunderarmseamfromthesleevecufftounderarmpoint)donotneedtobetested.
2. Narrowfabricsneedonlybetestedinthelengthormachinedirectionregardlessoftheorientationinwhichtheyappearinthegarment.Howevernarrowfabricswhicharesolelyusedinthewidthdirectionmaystillformpartofthe‘feature’specimenstested.(seeA.3)
3. Fabricsusedincapes,regardlessofwhetherornotthelowesthemofthecapefallsbelowthelevelofthecrotch,shallbetestedinbothlengthandwidthdirections.(seeA.4)
4. Fabricsusedinfeaturessuchascollarswhichareintendedtoprotrudeonlyinanupwardsdirectiondonotneedtobetestedunlesstheyformpartofalargergarmentfeaturewhichisrequiredtobetested.Howevercollarswhichareintendedtohangverticallydownwardsatthebackofthegarmentandwhoseverticaldimensionisgreaterthan160mmshallbetreatedinthesamemannerasacape.
5. Allteststobedoneinduplicate.Thismeanstesting2lengthwayand,whererelevant,2widthwayspecimenspermaterialorfeaturetobetested.(seeA.5).Inorderforafabricorfeaturetobeconsideredto‘pass’therequirements,bothtestspecimensmustsatisfytherequirements.Ifoneorbothtestspecimensexceedsthemaximumpermittedrateofspreadofflamethenthesampleshallbeconsideredto‘fail’tomeettheBRCrequirements.
6. Samplescontaining‘features’suchastrims,seams,etcshallbecutsuchthatthebottomedgeofthetestspecimen(towhichtheignitionsourcewillbeapplied)isrepresentativeofthelowestedgeofthedress-upcostumeorthecuffedgeofthesleeve(seeAppendixB).Ifthebottomedgeorsleevecuffisnotanevenlength(e.g.hasawavyorzig-zagform)thenitispermissibletotrimthebottomedgetoproduceaneven(straight)edgeforthepurposeoftesting.Whereapplicable,thismaymeanthatthetrimmedbottomedgeofthetestspecimenisnotnecessarilythelowestpointonthebottomedgeofthedress-upcostume.
7. Ifafeaturefallsoutsidetheareathetestspecimen(i.e.ismorethan600mmfromthebottomedgeorsleevecuffedge)thenthatfeatureshallnotbetested.(seeA.7)Wherethebottomedgeofthedress-upcostumeorlayerofadress-upcostumefallsbelowthelevelofthecrotchthenthetestspecimensshallbetakenintheverticaldirectionofthedress-upcostumeonlyandwiththebottomedgeofthetestspecimenbeingthebottomedgeofthelayerofthedress-upcostume. Note:Fordefinitionofcrotchlevel,refertoEN14682:2014
8. Fordress-upcostumesfeaturingmulti-layerconstructions,testspecimensshallbetakenfromeachlayerandthebottomedgeofthedress-upcostumeshallbetakenasthebottomedgeofeachlayerindividually.Eachlayershallbetestedseparately.(seeA.8)
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 8
9. Fordress-upcostumescontainingaplacket,zip,orothermeansoffasteningwhichfallswithinazoneforwhichtestingisrequired(i.e.within600mmofabottomedge),thetestspecimensshallbepreparedwiththeplacketorzippositionedcentrallyandparalleltothelongerdimensionofthetestspecimen.Theziporplacketshallbeinthe‘closed’position(i.ethezip,touchandclosefastenerorbuttonsorotherclosuresshallbefastened).Ifthefasteningisnotvertical,thenthefasteningshallbepositionedsuchthatthefasteningatthebottomedgeofthetestspecimenispositionedatthemid-pointoftheshortsideofthetestspecimenandthetestspecimenshallincorporateonlythatpartofthefasteningthatfallswithintheareaoftheverticallypositionedtestspecimen.
10. Glitterprintedfabricsandfabricswithsimilartypesofprintingshallbetestedbothbeforeandafterpre-treatmentregardlessoftheageforwhichthedress-upcostumeisintended.(seeA.11)
11. Glitterprintedfabricsandfabricswithsimilartypesofprintingshallbetestedbothbeforeandafterpre-treatmentregardlessoftheageforwhichthedress-upcostumeisintended(seeA.11)
12. Otherfillingmaterials(e.g.fibrewadding)whichdonot‘fallout’ofthetestspecimenwhenthetestspecimeniscutfromthedressupcostumecanbetestedasacomposite.Howeverifthefillingmaterial‘fallsout’ofthecompositethenthefillingshallbetestedindividuallyinaccordancewiththerelevantmethodoftestassetoutinthisCodeofPractice.(seeA.10)
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 9
3.6 test specimens1. TestSpecimensize
a. Preparetestspecimensofdimensionsatleast610mmx100mmfromeachmaterialavailableonthetoyinaccordancewithEN71-2clause5.4.1(seeFigures2aand2b).Howevertestspecimensshallincludebothsinglematerialswithoutseamededgesoredgesdecoratedwithlacetrimsandalsoadditionalsamplesincorporatingfeaturespresentonthedress-upcostume(seeclause2andAppendicesAandBofthisCodeofPracticeforguidanceonfeaturestobeincluded). NOTE:AlthoughEN71-2clause5.4.1statesthatseamsandtrimsshallbeexcludedfromtestspecimensastheymodifytherateofspreadofflame,suchfeaturesareincorporatedinthisprotocolinordertoassesstheextenttowhichtheymodifytherateofspreadofflame.
b. Forfabricswherethereisinsufficientmaterialtoprepareatestspecimenfromasinglepieceofmaterialorfrom2half-sizepiecesoffabric(asperclauseEN71-25.4.1),prepareatestspecimenoftherequireddimensionsbutusingnomorethan2piecesofanylengthprovidedthatthelongerpieceislocatedatthelowerpartofthetestspecimen(i.e.anyjoinisasfarawayfromthepointofignitionaspossible)(seeFigure2c).
c. Ifitisnotpossibletoobtainsufficientmaterialtoformafulllengthtestspecimenthencarryoutatestusingatestspecimenmadefromasinglepieceoflengthnotlessthan300mm(seeFigure3a).Ifitisnotpossibletoobtainatestspecimenof300mmlengththenuse2pieces,eachofnotlessthan160mm,whichshallbejoinedusinganoverlapof10mmasperEN71-2clause5.4.1(seeFigure3b). Wherethese2piecesareofdifferinglengths,thelongerpieceislocatedatthelowerpartofthetestspecimen(seeFigure3c).
d. Wherehalf-sizespecimensareusedthe500mmtripthreadshallbedisregarded.Ifitisnotpossibletoobtainahalf-sizespecimen,evenif2piecesareused,thenthematerialisexemptfromtheneedtobetested.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 10
Figure 2: Test specimens Figure 3: Short test specimens
(a)Singlepiece
(b)Twoequal sizepieces
(c)Twounequal sizepieces
(a)Singlepiece
(b)Twoequal sizepieces
(c)Twounequal sizepieces
2. Features(e.g.prints,appliques,embellishments,verticallyorientedseams,andanypartofthegarmentwhichisnottestedusinganearliertest,etc):
a. Theseshallbetestedasahalf-sizetestspecimen(i.e.310mmx100mm)andwiththetestspecimenpreparedinthelengthwayorientationonly.
b. Fortrimsatabottomhem,thetrimshallbepositionedattheloweredgeofthetestspecimen(seeFigure4a).
c. Positiontheseaminthecentreofthetestspecimensuchthattheignitionsourceisapplieddirectlytotheseam(seeFigure4b).
3. Materialswhichdonotignite
a. Materialswhichdonotignitewhentestedasaboveshallbere-testedbutwiththeadditionofapieceofcottonfabriccomplyingwithBSENISO105-F09andcutintoasquaremeasuring25mmx25mm.Thecottonsquareshallbeattachedtothecentreofthebottomedgeoftheundersideofthetestspecimenusingmetalstaples.Themetalstaplesshallbeinsertedsothattheyareparalleltothelongeredgeofthetestspecimen(seeFigure5).
b. Wheredamagecausedbytheinitialtestwithoutthecottonfabricpresentdoesnotexceed25mminthelengthoftestspecimen,trimthebottomedgeofthetestspecimenbeforeattachingthecottonfabricasdescribed.Wherethedamageexceeds25mmtheneitherrotatethetestspecimen180°oruseafreshtestspecimen.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 11
a. Iftheextentofanydamagetoatestspecimenwithoutthecottonfabricpresentexceeds25mminlengththenprepareafreshtestspecimen.
b. Theignitionsourceshallbeappliedtothecottonfabric.(seeFigure5)
4. Narrowmaterials Formaterialswhicharenotwideenoughtopermittestingbuthavesufficientlength,ametalwiremeshapproximately20mmx20mmgridshallbeusedtosupportthetestspecimen(seeFigure6). Thespecificationofthemetalwireofthesupportframeshallbeapproximately19gauge20mmsquaremesh.(19gaugeisapprox.1.0mmdiameterwire)
25mmx225mmcottonfabric
Metalstaple
Figure 5: Test specimen with attached cotton fabric (underview)
December 2015 version 1.
Trim
Seam
Pointofflame application
(a) Samlewithtrimatbottom
Pointofflame application
(b) Samlewithverticalseam
Figure 4: Flame application to test specimens with features
Meshsupportframe
Sampleholder
Narrowtestspecimen
Figure 6: Testing of narrow test specimen
Pointofflameapplication
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 12
3.7 test results
Outcome Abbreviation Explanation
Didnotignite DNI Noflamingorflaminglastinglessthan1sandthefirsttripthreadisnotsevered.Zerorateofspread 0mm/s Flaminglastinglongerthan1sbutthefirsttripthreadisnotsevered
SelfExtinguishing SE Flaminglastinglongerthan1sandthefirsttripthreadisseveredbutflamingceaseswithoutthesecondtripthreadbeingsevered.
Rateofflamespread xxxmm/s
Thespeedofburningcalculatedfromthetimetakenforatleastthefirstandsecondtripthreadtobesevered.NOTE:Therateofflamespreadmayadditionallybecalculatedbasedonthetimetoalsoseverthethirdtripthreadandthetimetakenfortheflametospreadfromthesecondtothethirdtripthread.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 13
4. REQUIREMENTS & TEST REPORT
4.1 requirements
1. Therateofspreadofflamebetweenthefirsttripthreadandsecondtripthreadshallnotexceed12mm/s.Therateofspreadofflamebetweenthefirsttripthreadandthethirdtripthreadshallnotexceed10mm/s.
Therateofspreadofflamebetweenthesecondtrip threadandthethirdtripthreadshallalsonotexceed 10mm/s. Note:Themeasurementoftheratesofspreadof flameshallbedeterminedwithouttheneed totakeuncertaintyofmeasurementinto account.(seeA.13)
2. WhenfoamfillingsaretestedattheirsamenominalthicknessasusedinthegarmentandinaccordancewithFMVSS302/BSAU169a,thentherateofspreadofflameshallnotexceed102mm/min(seeA.12).
3. CrumbfoamfillingshallbetestedinaccordancewiththeUKFurniture&Furnishing(Fire)(Safety)RegulationsSchedule1PartII(seeA.13).
4. Allnon-foamfillingsshallbeofatypewhichmeetstheUKFurniture&Furnishing(Fire)(Safety)Regulations1988Schedule2Part1andusingafillingdensityof 15kg/m³(seeA.14).
5. Theoccurrenceofmoltenflamingdropletsordebriswhichcontinuestoburnonthefloorofthetestrigshallbereportedinthetestreport(seeAnnexA.15).
4.2 TEST REPORT Thetestreportshallcontainthefollowinginformation:
a. Referencetothistestmethod(i.e.BRCModified EN71-2test)
b. Detailsofthefabricorcostumetested
c. Whereapplicable,detailsaboutthelocationofeachtestspecimenfromwithinthecostume.Thismaybesupportedbytheuseofphotographsinthetest reportidentifyingtherelevantlocation(s)
d. Thedirectionoftest(lengthorwidth)
e. Whetherornottheadditionalpieceofcottonwaspresent
f. Whetherornotthefirsttripthreadwassevered
g. Whetherornotthesecondtripthreadwasseveredandifso,therateofspreadofflame
h. Whetherornotthethirdtripthreadwasseveredandifso,therateofspreadofflame
i. Ifthethirdtripthreadissevered,therateofspreadofflamebetweenthesecondandthirdtripthreads.
j. Anyoccurrenceofanymoltenflamingdebrisduringthetest.
k. WhetherornotthefabricorcostumemeetstherequirementsofthisCodeofPractice
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 14
5. EXPLANATORY NOTES
Theaboveprocedurecanbeappliedtoindividualmaterialspriortothemanufactureofthedress-upcostume.SincethecurrentEN71-2testonlyworksinindividualfabricsthenthisapproachisavalidone.Italsohastheadvantageofallowingfabricsupplierstopreassessthelikelysuitabilityofmaterialspriortothecostumebeingmanufacturedandtothereforeexcludethosewhichburntoorapidly.Howeverthenewprotocolalsoaddstestingofcompositefeatureswhichwillbetterreplicatetheactualcostumebehaviouralthougheventhisfallsshortoftestingtheactualcostumeforwhichafullitemtestwouldberequired.
Thisisseenasacosteffectiveapproach,especiallywhenmaterialsareusedinmultipledesignsandtestresultscanbecross-referencedwithintechnicalfiles.Evenwhenfabricsarethenmodifiedbytheapplicationofglitter,sequins,etc.,samplescanbepreparedfortestingpurposestovalidatethesuitabilityofthematerialspriortothemanufactureofprototypeorproductiongarments.
Theproposalisthatanymaterialwhichhangsbelowthewaistorisusedinasleeveistestedinbothlengthandwidthdirections.Capeswhichareattachedattheshoulderbutwhichhangbelowthewaistwouldthereforebetestedinbothlengthandwidth,whereasanurse’sshortcapewhichfinishesabovethewaistwouldonlybetestedinthelengthdirection.
Sincetherequirementsforpre-treatmentandtestspecimensarebasedontheexistingEN71-2method,thenexistingdataonmaterialstestedtoEN71-2clause5.4canbeevaluatedforcompliancewiththerequirementsofthisprotocol.Previouslytestedmaterialswithratesofspreadofflameoflessthan10mm/scanbeinferredtomeettherequirementsofthisprotocolprovidingthattheyarenotmodifiedbytheapplicationofembellishments,finishessuchasglitter,etc.Thiswillallowexistingmaterialstobeevaluatedfortheircontinuedfutureusewithouttheneedforre-testing.
Previouslytestedmaterialswithratesofspreadofflamegreaterthan10mm/scanbeinferredasnotcomplyingwiththerequirementsofthisprotocol,eventhoughtheymaysatisfytherequirementsofEN71-2.
ThismodifiedEN71-2protocolisnowmorestringentintermsofpermittedrateofflamespread(10mm/smax)whencomparedwithexistingUKNightwearRegulations(12mm/smax).
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 15
6. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Would it not be best to test a whole garment?
Inanidealworld,thetestingofawholegarmentwouldrepresenttheburningactionofthedressinreal-life.However,nosuchtestmethodologycurrentlyexistsandwouldtakesometimetodevelop.TheBRCalternativeoptionistoteststripsoffabricsusingtheexistingmethodology.Thereisafundamentalissuewithtestingmulti-layeredsamplesusinganymethodbasedon EN71-2namelythatthelayerswillbecompressedintocontactwithoneanotherwhereasinthecostumetherewouldbeairgapsbetweenthelayers,especiallywithstifferfabrics.Assuch,itwouldbepreferabletoconductsomeformofwholegarmenttest.NotestbasedonEN71-2oronthisprotocolcanfullyrepresentthe real-lifeburningbehaviourofthecostume.
Are wigs and masks included in this Code of Practice?
Theshortanswerisno.ThisCOPonlycoverschildren’sdressuponlyitemscoveredbyEN71-2Clause4.3ToyDisguiseCostumesandToysIntendedtobeWornbyaChildinPlay.WigsandmasksarecoveredinEN71-2byclause4.2Toystobewornonthehead.Hoodsandheaddressesfallunderclause4.2.5,whichspecificallyexcludes“thoseitemscoveredbyclause4.3”.AttentionisdrawntotheguidancegiveninCENTR15371:2015SafetyofToys-InterpretationsonEN71-1,EN71-2,EN71-8andEN71-14andinparticulartoclause3,whichaddressesandgivesexamplesofdifferenttypesofdress-upcostumeandhowEN71-2shouldbeapplied.HoweverretailersareatlibertytoapplythisCOPonanyproductshouldtheysowish.
What is meant by accessory?
AccessoryinthisinstancemeansanyproductnotcoveredbyEN71-2Clause4.3ToyDisguiseCostumesandToysIntendedtobeWornbyaChildinPlay.Swords,wands,tiaras,wigs,masksetc.areexcludedfromthisCOPandarecoveredbytheirownseparateflammabilityrequirementswithinEN71-2.
How are tests completed on complex items to determine how to choose which trims and accessories to test?
ThepurposeoftheBRCprotocolistoclarifyhowmaterialsincomplexarticlesaretested.Atpresent,underthetestmethodgiveninEN71-2,Clause5.4anymaterialisexemptfromtestingifthereisinsufficientmaterialtoformtherequiredtestspecimensize.HowevertheBRCprotocolintroducesanumberofdeviationstothestandardEN71-2methodtoenablesuchmaterialstobeassessedforflammabilitybehaviour.
ThenewprotocolallowsformaterialswhichdonothavesufficientmaterialforafullsizeEN71-2specimentostillbetested.Wherethereisstillinsufficientmaterialthentheprotocolallowsforacompositespecimentoincludethatmaterialasa‘feature’(seeclause2oftheprotocol),thereforeallowingsomeformofevaluationtobecarriedout.
Itislikelythatthiswillleadtomorematerialsbeingtestedforcomplexarticles,butshouldallowforthemostflammablematerialstobeeliminatedfromthedesignsthereforeincreasingconsumersafety.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 16
Are multi-layered materials tested individually or in combination?
Wheremultiplematerialsareglued,bonded,sewnorotherwiseattachedtoformalayer(e.g.paddedsuit),thislayershouldbetestedwithoutseparation.Iftherearemultipleindividuallayers(e.g.duallayerpetticoat)theselayersaretestedindividually.
For costumes containing trims and accessories; is the agreement to test all sizes or just the smallest and largest sizes to keep samples to a minimum?
Testingisprimarilybasedontestingtheindividualmaterials,thisshouldavoidtheneedtodosizebasedtesting.Thefirstpointoftestingshouldbeselectingmaterialswhichindividuallyburnslowly.Itisthennecessarytoevaluatethefeaturessuchastrims,prints,etc.toestablishiftheysignificantlyaltertheburningbehaviour.However,featuressuchastrims,prints,appliques,seams,pockets,etc.willstillneedtobeassessedandtheirperformancemaydependonsizerelatedissues.Wheretherearenosize-relatedissues,thensufficientcostumesneedonlybesubmittedtopermittestingofallcomponentsandfeatures.Howeverwheretherearesize-relateddifferences,thenadditionalgarmentsmayberequiredtoestablishwhetherthesizerelatedissuehasanyeffectonflammabilityperformance.Insuchcases,itmightbeappropriatetotestthelargestandsmallestsizestorepresenttheextremesofsizebutthereisnoguaranteethatintermediatesizeswillnotbehavedifferently.
Labsarenotaskingforthesizingdata,theyaresimplyaskingthatthattheclientsubmittingthecostumesfortestingconsidersthedesignwhendecidinghowmanygarmentstosubmittothelaboratoryforflammabilitytesting.Thisinformationmayhowevernotbeknownbytheretailerorimporterhencetheguidancethat6itemsperdesignaresubmitted.Duetothecomplexityinsomeinstancesalabmayrequireadditionalsamples.
Similarly,forsimpledesignsonly1or2garmentsmayberequiredfortesting.
Responsibilityforsubmittingtheappropriatesizesofcostumelieswiththedesigner/manufacturer/importer/retailer.Laboratoriescanonlytestthesamplessubmitted.
The BRC protocol states all materials to be tested in both length and width direction for those materials used below the waist and/or in sleeves; What happens if the bodice is a separate material, how should it be tested? Revert back to the usual EN71-2 or use the modified method with 2 trip wires but only lengthways?
Ifthebodiceisintendedtobewornabovethewaistonly(i.e.isatopratherthanadress)thenthematerialsmustinitiallybetestedaccordingtothestandardEN71-2methodasthisisthelegalrequirement.HowevertheBRCprotocolmayalsobeusedtoprovideadditionalinformationontheburningcharacteristics.Wherethereisinsufficientmaterialand/orwherethereisariskthatthefabricisathigherriskofbeingexposedtoanakedflame(asisthecasewithsleeves,skirts,dresses,etc.)thentheBRCprotocolshouldbeusedandrecommendstestinginbothlengthandwidthdirections.Thepurposeofthisclauseistoaddresstheincreasedflammabilityriskassociatedwithsleevesandgarmentswornbelowthewaist,whicharemorelikelytocomeintoaccidentalcontactwithanignitionsource.
EN71-2statesthatthefabricshallbetestedintheverticaldirectionifpossible(evenifthismeansjoining2equalhalf-lengthspecimens).Typicallyforthesleevesthiswillbeinthelengthdirectionofthesleeve,butdependingongarmentdimensionsand/ordirectioninwhichfabricforthesleeveswascut,thelengthdirectionofthesleevemaynotnecessarilybethelengthdirectionofthefabric.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 17
Sincethewearercouldreachouthorizontallyoveranignitionsource(e.g.candle)andparticularlyifthesleevesareloosefitting,thenaflammabilityhazardpotentiallyexistsinbothgarmentlengthandwidthdirectionsandthereforethefabricusedinthesleevesshouldbetestedinbothdirections.TestsshouldalwaysbeinaccordancewithEN71-2asfarasispossiblebutifthereisinsufficientmaterialthenthemodifiedprotocolshallbeused.
Section 3.6 clause 2(b) – For the bottom hem, the trim shall be positioned at the lower edge of the test specimen – does this include necklines and sleeves?
Thetrimshallformthebottomedgeofthetestspecimeni.e.theedgetowhichtheignitionsflameisapplied(asperFigure4a).Trimsonnecklinesarenot“trimsatthebottomhem”buttrimsonsleevecuffsshouldbeconsideredas“trimsonthebottomhem”.
Section 3.6 clause 3 - Materials that do not ignite. Why is cotton being added to fabrics that do not ignite? Surely not igniting is the result we want and adding the cotton is not representative of an actual garment being worn?
Thereasonbehindthecottonisthatsomematerialsmeltwhentestedinisolationbutifinthevicinityofamaterialwhichdoesn’t(e.g.cotton)thenthemoltenmaterialbecomestrappedontheothermaterialandcanthen burnmuchmorevigorouslyratherthansimplymelt. Costumesarelikelytobewornoverotherclothessoweoptedtointroducethismodificationtoensurethatwhenapieceofnon-FR(flameretardant)cottonispresentthentheburningbehaviourremainsacceptable.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 18
APPENDIX A: RATIONALE
A.1. Fabricsaretestedinbothlengthandwidthdirectionsbecauseitmaynotbeknownwhetherthelengthdirectionofafabricwillcorrespondtothelengthdirectionofthegarment.Fabricsmayburnatdifferentratesorbehavedifferentlyindifferentorientations.Currentindustrypracticefordress-updiffersfromthatofthewiderclothingindustryandthereforetestinginbothdirectionswillensurethatregardlessofthefabricorientationtheburningbehaviourmeetsBRC’srequirementsforflammability.
A.2. Fabricsusedbelowthewaistorinsleevesmustbetestedinbothlengthandwidthdirectionssincetheseareasofagarmentpresentthegreatestrisksofignition.Thereisnodifferentiationforclosefittinggarmentssuchastrousersinordertokeepthistestingprotocolsimpleeventhoughclosefittinggarmentspresentalowerriskthanlooseflowinggarmentssuchasskirts,dresses,etc.Shortorcappedsleevesareexemptedastheyrepresentlittlerisktothewearer.
A.3. Narrowfabrics,whentestedseparately,suchasbraid,lace,etc.onlyneedtobetestedinthelengthormachinedirectionsincetheyrepresentonlyarelativelysmallelementofthedress-upcostume.However,wherenarrowfabricsareusedthentheymaybeincorporatedintocompositespecimenswhichencapsulategarmentfeaturestherebyallowingtheircontributiontotheoverallburningbehaviourtobeevaluated.
A.4. Narrowfabricswhichareonlyusedinthewidthwaydirectioninthedisguisecostumedonotneedtobetestedinthelengthdirectionprovidedthattheyaretestedaspartofalengthway‘feature’testspecimen.
A.5. Fabricsusedincapesneedtobetestedinbothdirectionssinceacapeisinherentlyalooseflowingelementinacostumeandbeingwornonthechild’sbackpresentsapotentiallyhigherriskofignitionthanmayotherwiseoccur.
A.6. Testingisdoneinduplicateperdirectioninordertoprovidegreaterconfidenceintheconsistencyofthetestresultsproduced,especiallyiftherateofspreadofflameisneartothemaximumpermittedlimit. EN71-2clause5.4onlyrequiresasingletestspecimenandpermitstestinginwhicheverdirectionallowsatestspecimenoftherelevantdimensionstobetaken.However,withthereductioninmaximumpermittedrateofspreadofflame,itisnecessarytoensuretherobustnessofcompliancebytestinginduplicate.
A.7.Fabricswhichareprintedduringtextilemanufacturing(i.e.rollerprinted,screenprinted,dischargeprinted)arenotconsideredtorequiretestingprovidedthatthebasefabricortheprintedfabrichavebeentestedandcomplywiththeBRCrequirements.Thisisbecauseinksandpigmentsusedtextileprintingdonotcontributetotheflammabilityoftheunderlyingtextile.Howeverothertypesofprintingsuchasplacementprintswhicharemorecommonlyappliedtothefabricorgarmentatthegarmentmanufacturingstagecaneitherenhanceorbedetrimentaltotheburningbehaviourofthefinalgarmentandthereforethefabricisrequiredtobetestedbothwithandwithouttheprintpresent. Similarly,materialsforwhichtheprintdesignvariesbutthemethodofprintingremainsthesamedonotneedtobetestedmorethanonce.Howeveritisforthesuppliertobeabletoshowthatthebasesubstratematerialisthesamequalityineachcase.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 19
A.8.Hoods(orthefabricfromwhichtheyaremade)whichformapermanentandintegralpartofadisguisecostumeareincludedwithinthescopeofhisprotocol.Howeverhatsandheadwearsuchasheadbands,etcwhichareseparatefromthemaindisguisecostumeareexcludedfromthisprotocolsincetheyarecoveredbyotherclauseswithinEN71-2.
A.9. Theprincipleforselectingtestspecimensisthatthegreatestriskarisesfromignitionofthebottomedgeorsleevecuffofthedress-upcostume.Featureswhichoccuronlyintheupperpartofthedress-upcostume(i.e.aroundthewaistareaorintheupperchestarea)andwhicharemorethan600mmfromtheloweredgeorsleevecuffedgearenotconsideredtopresentanundueflammabilityhazardsincetheyareunlikelytobethepointofignitionofthedress-upcostume.
A.10.Dress-upcostumesmayconsistofanumberoflayers,forexampleadressmayhaveanunderskirt,overskirtanddecorativemeshlayers.Eachlayershallbetestedseparatelyandthebottomedgeforeachlayershallbetakenasthebottomedgeofthematerialformingthatlayer.
A.11. Glitterprintsandsimilarprintedmaterialsare testedbeforeandafterpretreatmentbecausethe pre-treatmentmayremoveanyfinishand/oradhesivewhichmayaffecttheflammabilityoftheglitterprintmaterial.Thereforetheglitterprintmaterialmayexhibitahigherrateofspreadofflamebeforepre-treatmentthanafterpre-treatmentduetotheeffectofthesprayadhesiveusedwhichmaybediminishedasaresultofwashingorsimilarremovalbyaqueousmeans.
A.12. Itisrecommendedthatfillingmaterialsareselectedandtestedseparatelybeforebeingincorporatedintothedress-upcostume.Thismaybeundertakenbyeitherthefillingsupplierorthedress-upcostumemanufacturer.Thisapproachbothpermitsthetestingofpre-verifiedfillingmaterialsandavoidstheuseofpotentiallyhighlyflammablefillings.Howeveritmaybenecessarytore-testthefillingmaterialasalaminateinordertoensurethatthereisnodetrimentalinteractionbetweenfillingandothercomponentsinthecompositesample.
A.13. Theuncertaintyofmeasurementhasbeenestablishedasbeingnogreaterthan2.0mm/s.Thisisbasedonmanualmeasurementofthetripthreadseverancetimesandforelectronicallymeasuredtimingstheuncertaintymaybeless.Howeverinestablishingthelimitsfortherateofspreadofflame,thisuncertaintyhasalreadybeentakenintoaccountanddoesnotneedtobetakenintoaccountwhenreportingthetestresultsordeterminingcompliancewiththelimitsimposedwithinthisCodeofPractice.Thismeansthatatestresultof10mm/scannotbegreaterthan12.0mm/satworseandeven atthisleveltherateofspreadofflameisnoworsethantheequivalentrateappliedtonightwearundertheUK’sNightwearSafetyRegulations1985.
A.14. Itisrecommendedthatfoamfillingsaretestedpriortotheirincorporationintothecostume.Themethodoftestchosentoevaluatefoamfillingsisasmallscaletestwhichisthesameasthatusedbytheautomotiveindustry.However,thinlayersoffoamwhichhasincorporatedintothedress-upcostumeaspartofalaminatecanalsobetestedinitscompositeform(i.e.inconjunctionwiththefabricormaterialtowhichitisbonded)usingthisBRCmethodoftest.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 20
A.15. Crumbfoamisfoamformedbytheshreddingoflargerpiecesoffoamandusuallycontainsmorethan1typeoffoamwithinthecrumbmixture.Althoughnotcommonlyusedindress-upcostumes,atestrequirementhasbeenincludedinordertorestrictthepotentialflammabilityriskarisingfromtheuseofsuchfillingmaterials.
A.16. Forallnon-foamfillings(loosefibre,wadding,feathers,polystyrenebead,etc),itisrecommendedthatsuchfillingsaretestedpriortotheirincorporationintothedress-upcostume.ThetestchosenisthatusedintheUKtoidentifyhighlyflammablenon-foamfillingmaterialsusedinupholsteredfurniture.Thisisarelativelylargescaletestwhichitwouldnotbepossibletocarryoutbyremovingfillingfromoneormoredress-upcostumes.Suchmaterialstypicallywould‘flow’outofatestspecimenwhenitiscutfromthedress-upcostumeandthereforecouldnotbetestedusingthisBRCmethod.Thetestmethodusesanominalfixeddensityforthefillingof15kg/m³therebyeliminatingtheneedforatestinglaboratorytohavetodeterminethefillingdensitypresentinthecostume.Thetestmethodsetsarequirementthatthematerialisself-extinguishingwithin2minutesandthishasbeendemonstratedtodifferentiatebetweenthosematerialswhichburnreadilyandthosewhichdonot.Inaddition,itisknownthatsyntheticfibrefillingssuchaspolyesterwhichhavebeensiliconized(inordertomakeprocessingofthefibremoreefficient)willtendtofailthistestwhereasnon-siliconisedfibrewilltendtopassthesametest.Itisthereforerecommendedthatnon-siliconisedfibreisusedinordertolimitthecontributionofthefibrefillingtotheoverallflammabilityofthedress-upcostume.
A.17.Theoccurrenceofmoltenflamingdropletsormoltenflamingdebriscanleadtosecondaryignitionofthedress-upcostumeifthedropletsordebrisfallsontoothermaterialsinthedress-upcostumeorontoanyotherclothingbeingwornbeneaththecostume.Inaddition,themoltenflamingdropletscanfallontoandadheretotheskinandmayresultinfullthicknesslocalisedskinburnswhichmaybeverypainful. Itisacknowledgedthatifmoltenflamingdropletsormoltenflamingdebrisweretobeprohibitedthiswouldcausedifficultytotheindustrywhilstalternativematerialsweredevelopedanddress-upcostumesre-designedtoavoidsuchbehaviour. NorequirementprohibitingsuchbehaviourhasbeenincludedintothisBRCCodeofPracticeatthistimebutithasbeendecidedthattheoccurrenceofmoltenflamingdebrisdoesnotneedtobereportedinthetestreportunlessspecificallyrequestedbytheuser. Itisintendedthattheissueofmoltenflamingdropletsormoltenflamingdebriswillbemonitoredandthepositionreviewedonaperiodicbasis.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 21
APPENDIX B: CASE STUDIES
Case study #1:
Thiscostumecontainsanumberoffeatures(grey,blackandchequeredpanels)atspecificpoints.Thefeaturesarefullysewntothebasefabricanddonotprotrudeorhangoffthecostume.Itisnotpracticaltotesteachcomponentindividuallyandtheriskarisingfromthevariousfeaturesisrelativelysmall.Thereforeitisonlynecessarytotestthebasefabric(yellow)pluscompositespecimensincorporatingthosefeaturesbasedonthebottomedgerepresentingthepointofignition.
Thetestspecimensrequiredwouldtherefore beasfollows:
a. Basefabric(samples#1)–testedinbothlengthandwidthdirection(widthwayspecimenmadefromtwohalf-sizedpieces)
b. Lengthwaysample#2incorporatingbottomhemandcentre-backseam
c. Lengthwaysample#3incorporatingfrontplacketandclosuremechanism
d. Lengthwaysample#4incorporatingsleevecuffedge
Thepatchpockets,mocktie,etc.wouldnotbetestedunlesstheyfellwithintheareaboundedbythesizeofthetestspecimen.
Featuresnottested
3
4
1
2
11
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 22
Case study #2:
Thiscostumehasanunevenbutunhemmedbottomedge.Thelengthwaytestspecimensmaybepreparedsuchthatthebottomedgeofthetestspecimenissquarecut.Thebodyfabricshallbetestedinbothlengthandwidthwaydirectionssincethecostumeincludessleevesandmayextendbelowthewaist.Lengthwaysamplecutwithstraightloweredge.
Case study #3:
Thisitemhasaskirtwithmulti-layeredinsetfrontpanel.Itisnecessarytotestboththebaseprintedredfabric(sample#1),theblacksatinformingthefrontpanel(sample#2)andthematerial-formingthesleeveincorporatingboththemeshlowersleeveandthematerialformingtheupperpartofthesleeve(sample#3).Inaddition,becausethecollarisdesignedtostandupwardsbehindtheheadbutcouldfallverticallybehindthewearer,sothecollarshouldbetested(sample#4)butmayonlyhaveenoughmaterialtopermittheuseofhalf-sizedspecimens.Additionalsamplestoincludethesideseamoftheskirtmayalsoberequired.
Thefeaturesintheupperbodyareawouldnotbetestedunlessthesizeofthecostumeincorporatedthemintosamples#1or#2.
1
1
4
12
3
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 23
Case study #4:
Thiscostumeincludesabasematerialwithaplacementprint.Itisnecessarytotestboththebasematerialandtheprintedmaterialinbothlengthandwidthdirections.Inadditionitmaybenecessarytotestadditionalspecimensincorporatingthesideseamsinthelengthdirectiononly.
Note:Widthwayspecimensofthebasematerialmaybetakenfromthebackofthecostumewhichisunprinted.
Case study #5:
This‘costume’includestheouterfabricoftheboxinggloves,thefillingandvarioustrimsincludingthelaces(narrowfabric).Howevertheoverallsizeoftheboxingglovesislikelytobelessthan300mm,thereforeitwouldnotbepossibletoobtainsufficientmaterialfromthefinishedarticletopermittestinginaccordancewiththisprotocol.Howeveritwouldstillbepossiblefortheindividualmaterialsusedtoconstructtheboxingglovestobetestedpriortoconstructionoftheactualboxinggloves.
1
2
Samplecontainingprintedmaterial
Samplecontainingbasematerial(unprinted)
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 24
REFERENCES
Directive2009/48/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof18June2009ontheSafetyofToyshttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009L0048&from=EN
EnactedintheUKasTheToys(Safety)Regulations2011No.1881http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2011/1881/pdfs/uksi_20111881_en.pdf
GuidanceDocumentNo.17ontheApplicationoftheDirectiveontheSafetyofToys,Carnivalcostumes(disguisecostumes,fancydress)http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/toys/safety/guidance/index_en.htm
CENTR15371-1:2015Safetyoftoys—Interpretations—Part1:RepliestorequestsforinterpretationofEN71-1,EN71-2,EN71-8andEN71-14
EN71-2Safetyoftoys-Part2:Flammability
BSEN14682:2014SafetyofChildren’sClothing–CordsandDrawstringsonChildren’sClothing–Specification.
BRC Flammability Testing of Children’s Dress-up 25
LABORATORY CONTACTS
Bureau Veritas Consumer Products Services UK 31KingslandGrange,Woolston,Warrington,WA14RW
Shawna Hill (Customer Services) Email:[email protected] Switchboard:01925854360 Directtelephone:01925854372
IntertekCentreCourt,MeridianBusinessPark,Leicester,LE191WD
Philip Bullock (technical) Email:[email protected]
Kristina Pavlovicova (Customer Services) Email:[email protected] Tel:+441162961590
Modern Testing Services (UK)/HSTTS118LuptonAvenue,Leeds,WestYorkshire,LS96ED
Alan Ross, Technical Manager Email:[email protected]/[email protected] Tel:01132488830
ACKNOWLDGEMENTSThe BRC would like to thank all those committee members who actively contributed to this Code of practice. Contributing companies:
ALDI
AsdaStoresLtd
BootsUKLimited
JohnLewisplc
Marks&Spencer
Morrisons
Mothercare
NextRetailLtd
Sainsbury’s
Sainsbury'sArgos
TescoStoresLtd
TheCo-OperativeGroup
Waitrose
WHSmith
WilkoRetail
The BRC would like to thank the following manufacturers who actively contributed to this Code of Pratice:
Christy'sbyDesign RubiesUK Smiffy's
We would also like to thank the experts from the following organisations for their valuable co-operation and input in delivering this test methodology:
BureauVeritas(BV)
HighStreetTextileTestingServicesLtd(HSTTS)
Intertek(ITS)
ModernTestingServices(MTSUK)
Issue 04: MAY 2017
BritishRetailConsortium 4thFloor,2LondonBridge London,SE19RA
02078548900 [email protected]
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