Cognitive Cognitive TherapyTherapy

Pioneer : Aaron T. Beck

Influential Theories:

Psychoanalysis: People are unaware of their behaviors; cognitive therapy brings people awareness to surface

Adlerian Psychology: People’s personality are influenced by their beliefs due to social dialogues. Cognitive therapy changes people’s believes through dialogues

Allbert Ellis (RET): disorders are related to irrational beliefs. Cognitive Therapy changes people’s inaccurate perceptions

Kelly’s psychology; people constructs perception to anticipate. Cognitive therapy changes wrong construction thus changes wrong anticipation

Piaget explains 4 stages of development; Sensori-motor, preoperation, concrete operations, and formal operations. Cognitive therapy accepts such developmental stages

The DiagramThe Childhood

The Beliefs

The Conditional

Compensation

situation

automatic

meaning

emotion

BEHAVIOR

The Schema:•Positive•Negative

Cognitve Distortions

•All or None Thinking•Selective Abstraction•Mind Reading•Negative Predictions•Catastrophizing•Overgeneralization•Labeling & Mislabeling•Magnification & Minimization•Personalization

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Goals of Therapy: Changing Distorted Cognitions

Interviews

Psychological Scales & Questionnaires :BDI, Suicide Scales, Dysfunctional Attitude Scale, etc

Therapeutic Relationships; Collaborative (similar to Rogers)

Therapeutic Processes

Therapeutic Techniques

The ProcessGuided Discovery / Socratic Dialogue/ Maieutics

The Three QuestionsWhat is the evidence of the beliefsHow else could you interpretIf it is true, what are the implications

Specifying Automatic Thoughts

Homework

Session Format: check feelings, check homework, check concerns & feedback

Termination

The Techniques

•Understanding Idiosyncratic Meaning – understand the word•Challenging Absolutes•Reattribution•Labeling of Distortions•Decatastrophizing – “what if” statements•Challenging All-or-None Thinking•Listing Advantage & Disadvantage•Cognitive Rehearsal