Collaboration Between ACSAD & IFAD

Collaboration Between ACSAD & IFAD

Workshop onKnowledge and Technology Exchange for Enhanced Quality of IFAD/ICARDA

Operations in the NENA RegionAleppo, Syria 26-29/10/2009

Dr. Khaled R. BenMahmoud(ACSAD)

Dr. Khaled R. BenMahmoud(ACSAD)

Collaboration

The Collaboration between ACSAD and IFAD dates back to 1980 when the first cooperation agreement was

signed between the two parties.

It was a Fruitful Collaboration to Achieve a Number of Success Stories in Agricultural Research and Projects

which cover different important domains to IFAD , ACSAD as well as to the Arab Countries.

Highlighting the Achievements made through Previous Collaboration

)1 (The Project for Development of Wheat and Barley

Productivity in the Arid Areas

1980 – 1986

Funding Agency : IFAD Grant Amount : $

5,228,000

Participating Countries:(4)

Syria, Jordan, Algeria, and Morocco.

Project Objectives

Dissemination the cultivation of improved varieties of wheat and barley developed by ACSAD in the targeted Arab Countries.

Transfer the improved agricultural practices to the small farmers.

Project Outcomes

Adoption of some ACSAD varieties from both wheat and barely. Type

Country

Bread Wheat

DurumWheat

Barley

ACSAD Name

Adopted Name

ACSAD name

Adopted name

ACSAD name

Adopted name

Syria -- -- ACSAD 65 ACSAD 65 ACSAD 176 ACSAD 176

Jordan -- -- ACSAD 65 ACSAD 65 ACSAD 60 ACSAD 68

ACSAD 60 ACSAD 68

Algeria ACSAD 59 Hadna -- -- ACSAD 60, ACSAD 68

ACSAD 176

Bahriya, Ramada

Nailiya

Morocco ACSAD 59 ACSAD 59 ACSAD 65 ACSAD 65 ACSAD 60, ACSAD 68

ACSAD 176

ACSAD 60, ACSAD 68

ACSAD 176

•Dissemination of the improved agricultural practices package, which are suitable for those varieties under rainfed and irrigated farming systems.•Dissemination of the improved agricultural practices package, which are suitable for those varieties under rainfed and irrigated farming systems.

)2 (The Regional Project for Rainfed Farming

Systems Research

1986 – 1990

Funding Agency: IFAD

Grant Amount : $ 2,246.000

Participating Countries: (6) Syria, Jordan, Algeria,

Morocco, Yemen, and Libya

Project Objectives

1. Transfer of the newly – improved cultural practices to the farmers' fields.

2. Introduction of food and forage legumes in the crop rotation instead of fallow to sustain soil fertility and increase the economic return.

3. Achievement the integration between plant and animal production.

Project Outcomes

1. Dissemination the recently – developed improved agricultural practices in the fields of farmers in the targeted countries.

2. Increase farmer's income and enhance the economic return via the implementation of the appropriate crop rotations.

3. Increase the production of cereals by 25 %. 4. Conducting several workshops and filed days for

technicians and farmers to show the impacts of such recently – developed improved cultural practices on yield increase.

)3 (Project for Rainfed Agriculture Development and

Technology Transfer to Farmers

1998 – 2000

Funding Agencies: IFAD and AFESD

Grant Amount : $ 660.000

Participating Countries:(5)

Syria, Jordan, Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia.

Project Objectives

Increase the productivity of small cereals. Intensification of the cropping systems. Distribution of the income resources through

dissemination of the integrated cropping systems, and reducing of unemployment.

Project Outcomes

Adoption of the integrated improved cultural practices package ( Seeding rate, Fertilization , crop rotation , and weed control) and enhancing of the crop production.

Intensifying of the cropping systems by

introducing of the food and forage legumes instead of fallow.

Technology transfer and the use of agricultural techniques has led to:

the improvement of the performance of ACSAD varieties,

helped in stabilizing their productivity and

reduced the gap between their average productivity at the research centers and that of the farmers’ fields.

Performance of ACSAD

ACSAD continued to develop promising varieties and lines of durum wheat, bread wheat and barley which are high-yielding, tolerant of biotech and a- biotech stresses and characterized by desired specifications.

ACSAD’s Varieties and promising lines of durum wheat(16)

Varieties Hybridize Year Average Productivity kg/ha

AC 65 1973-1974 2500-2850

AC 357 1981-1982 2800-3250

AC 1103 1987-1988 2750-3050

AC 1105 1987-1988 2950-3350

AC 1107 1987-1988 2800-3200

AC 1129 1988-1989 2700-3050

AC 1187 1991-1992 2750-3100

AC 1229 1994-1995 2850-3200

AC 1245 1995-1996 2850-3200

AC 1261 1997-1998 2900-3250

AC 1265 1997-1998 2800-3200

AC 1273 1997-1998 2850-3250

AC 1275 1997-1998 2900-3250

AC 1277 1998-1999 2950-3300

AC 1287 1998-1999 2700-3050

AC 1289 1998-1999 2750-3150

ACSAD’s Varieties and promising lines of Bread wheat(15)

Varieties Hybridize Year Average Productivity kg/ha

AC 59 1972-1973 2650-2950

AC 67 1972-1973 2600-2950

AC 883 1987-1988 2800-3250

AC 885 1987-1988 2850-3250

AC 899 1988-1989 2800-3250

AC 901 1988-1989 2950-3300

AC 969 1990-1991 2800-3200

AC 981 1992-1993 2950-3300

AC 1059 1994-1995 2900-3300

AC 1063 1994-1995 2900-3250

AC 1069 1995-1996 2950-3350

AC 1071 1995-1996 2850-3350

AC 1079 1997-1998 2800-3250

AC 1103 1998-1999 2750-3150

AC 1115 1998-1999 2950-3350

ACSAD’s Varieties and promising lines of Barely(14)

Varieties Hybridize Year Average Productivity kg/ha

AC 60 1972-1973 2300-2800

AC 68 1972-1973 2500-3000

AC176 1972-1973 2500-3000

AC 1182 1984-1985 2500-3000

AC 1420 1986-1987 2500-3000

AC 1468 1987-1988 2600-3100

AC 1470 1988-1989 2500-3000

AC 1568 1995-1996 2500-3000

AC 1586 1996-1997 3000-3500

AC 1602 1996-1997 3000-3500

AC 1614 1997-1998 2250-2750

AC 1630 1997-1998 3000-3500

AC 1632 1997-1998 2500-3000

AC 1640 1998-1999 2600-3100

Performance of ACSAD’s wheat varieties and lines at the Arab agricultural experiment stations

Type

Country

Bread Wheat

DurumWheat

Barley

ACSAD Name

Adopted Name

ACSAD name Adopted name ACSAD name

Adopted name

Syria ACSAD 885 ACSAD 901

Douma2 Douma4

ACSAD1105 ACSAD1229

Douma 1 presented to the releasing committee

- -

Libya ACSAD 901 ACSAD 885

ACSAD 901 ACSAD 885

ACSAD 857 Bohouth 107 ACSAD1420 ACSAD1230

ACSAD1420 Maimoun

Algeria - - ACSAD 1107 Presented to the releasing committee

- -

Yemen ACSAD1097ACSAD1119

Sham1 Sham 2

ACSAD1119 ACSAD 1169

Naaeem Bohouth 5

Varieties adopted by the Arab countriesVarieties adopted by the Arab countries

Performance of ACSAD 1105 of durum wheat in the Arab Countries ( Kg/ha)

(2002 – 2008)

Years Lebanon Jordon Saudi Egypt Tunisia

AC 1105

Check

AC 1105

Check

AC 1105

Check

AC 1105

Check AC 1105

Check

2002 6256 5811 -- -- -- -- 10898 10060 -- --

2003 2500 2400 3350 3430 -- -- 9095 6667 -- --

2004 2344 2456 -- -- -- -- 7476 7393 -- --

2005 3156 2856 2985 1688 -- -- 3594 3455 -- --

2006 -- -- -- -- 1446 1027 7869 6940 -- --

2007 1628 1928 1419 1257 1859 848 8826 8039 3163 2828

2008 4477 3700 471 503 1829 1800 2301 2092 -- --

Average 3393 3191 2056 1719 1711 1225 7151 6378 3163 2828

Performance of ACSAD 1105 in the Arab Countries ( Kg/ha)

(2002 – 2008)

Performance of ACSAD 901 of bread wheat in the Arab Countries ( Kg/ha)

(2002 – 2005)

Years Lebanon Jordon Egypt Morocco Yemen

AC 901

Check

AC 901

Check

AC 901

Check

AC 901

Check

AC 901

Check

2002 6422 6206 -- -- 1971 1670 -- -- 1433 872

2003 3294 2500 1060 1040 8817 6583 4767 4444 -- --

2004 2228 1594 -- -- 6367 4867 -- -- -- --

2005 3544 2778 2713 2263 7817 7167 -- -- -- --

Average 3872 3269 1886 1651 6218 5071 4767 4444 1433 872

Performance of ACSAD 901 of bread wheat in the Arab Countries ( Kg/ha)

(2002 – 2005)

ACSADVarieties

2006 -2007

2008 -2009

Average Increase %

AC 1277

3400 -- 3400 13.5

AC 1105

2898 2220 2559 10.3

AC 1311

3298 3360 3329 31.8

AC 1315

3457 2963 3210 27.0

Check 3104 1946 2525

Short period of growth (110 day)

High temperature (25-30 degrees)

Short period of growth (110 day)

High temperature (25-30 degrees)

Performance of ACSAD varieties of durum wheat in Sudan ( Kg/ha)(2007 – 2009)

Performance of ACSAD varieties of durum wheat in Sudan ( Kg/ha)(2007 – 2009)

ACSADVarieties

2005 - 2006

2008 - 2009

Average

AC 12711761 -- 1886.5

AC 1289 1413 -- 1708.5

AC 1105 1446 3740 2348

AC 1277 1496 -- 1663.5

1027Foch-1

848Sham 3

Performance of ACSAD varieties of durum wheat in Saudi Arabia ( Kg/ha)(2005 – 2009)

Performance of ACSAD varieties of durum wheat in Saudi Arabia ( Kg/ha)(2005 – 2009)

Short period of growth (110 day)High temperature (25-30 degrees)Short period of growth (110 day)High temperature (25-30 degrees)

سالالتأكسادمنالقمحالقاسيفيالمملكةالعربيةالسعودية أداء2005-2007

1886.51708.5 1677 1663.5

937

0

500

1000

1500

2000

AC1271

AC1289

AC1105

AC1277

شاهد 1

السالالت

ـهكغ/

ودردلم

ا

سالالتأكسادمنالقمحالقاسيفيالمملكةالعربية أداءالسعودية2009-2007

2570.5

3237

24662914.5

2539.5

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

AC 1335 AC 1333 AC 1347 AC 1331 شاهد 1

السالالت

ـه/

كغ

ودرد

ال

Performance of ACSAD 1169 of durum wheat in Yemen as compared with local variety ( Kg/ha) (2001 – 2003)

فيجمهورية ساللةالقمحالقاسيأكساد 1169 أداءاليمن2004-2001

4.43.8

3.1

3.8

0.8

22.3

1.7

2001 2002 2003 المتوسط

سنواتاإلختبار

ـه/

كغ

ودردلم

ا

أكساد 116915- الصنفالمحليبحوث

القمحالطريفيمحطةسخامصر سالالتأكساد أداءمروي كغ/ـه

830084008500860087008800890090009100

94سخا

1103

سادأك

1107

ساد اك

1093

سادأك

السالالت

ـه/

كغ

ودردلم

ا سخا94

أكساد1103

اكساد 1107

أكساد1093

Varieties Kg/ha

AC 1115 4683

AC 1061 4666

AC1095 4016

AC 1103 9000

AC 1107 8716

AC 1093 8766

Sakha 94 8550

Performance of ACSAD Varieties of bread wheat in Sakha experimental station in Egypt as compared with local variety ( Kg/ha) (2005 – 2007)

Performance of ACSAD Varieties of bread wheat in Sakha experimental station in Egypt as compared with local variety ( Kg/ha) (2005 – 2007)

The following table shows the average performance of the bread wheat variety ACSAD 885 and the durum wheat variety ACSAD 1105 during the period from 2003 to 2009 .

ACSAD varieties

Growing season

Bread WheatACSAD 885

Durum Wheat ACSAD 1105

RainfedKg/ha

Irrigated Kg/ha

RainfedKg/ha

IrrigatedKg/ha

2008/2009 3200 6200 3500 68002006/2007 2850 7100 2800 68002005/2006 3400 6800 3150 69502004/2005 3500 6850 3150 62002003/2004 3350 6900 3500 6950

Over All Average 3260 6770 3220 6740

Both varieties are registered and released for cultivation in Syria and Libya, in the mean time they showed promising results in certain Arab countries.Both varieties are registered and released for cultivation in Syria and Libya, in the mean time they showed promising results in certain Arab countries.

We can conclude

During the past five years, ACSAD’s bread wheat and durum wheat lines approved once again their out yielding capacity over the local varieties under the rainfed as well as the irrigated conditions.

This apparently was due to the fact that they were bred to have wide adaptation.

Our field data and reports indicate that the average yield of these lines is : Under the 250-350 mm rainfall ranges between

2500-3500 kg.ha-1, this of course depends largely on the amount as well as the distribution of rainfall.

Under irrigation, however, the average yield was reported to range from 5000 to 7500 kg.ha-1.

These figures represent averages are taken from the Arab Yield Trials conducted in a number of Arab

Agricultural Experiment Stations.

Under wider cultivation, however, productivity may decline by about 10% in

experiment stations and by 25-35% in farmers’ field.

New implemented project: The Wheat Production Improvement in Arab

Countries

Objectives:Improvement of wheat production under both the

rainfed and irrigated environments, in addition to supporting food security in the Arab countries.

Secure improved high quality seeds of ACSAD’s high yielding wheat lines for the participating Arab countries.

Participating countries ( 11): Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Tunis, Algeria, Morocco, Sudan and Libya.

Financial support: The project is financed by the Islamic Bank for Development and ACSAD.

Project duration: Three years (2009 – 2012).

(4 )Date Palm Research and Development Network

1994 – 1998

Funding Agency: IFAD. IsDB and AFESD

Amount of grant : $ 2.755.000

Participating Countries: (11) Syria , Egypt, Algeria,

Morocco, Sudan, Mauritania, Sultanate Oman. Bahrain, Emirates. Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia.

Project objective

Development the cultivation of date palm tree and date production in the Arab countries.

Project Outcomes(1):

Conducting a series of studies about date palm cropping systems, revealing the constraints

and providing the suitable recommendations.

Providing of technical consultation in the filed of tissue culture, insect and diseases control

for several countries: Sudan, Mauritania, Sultanate Oman and Syria.

Providing of financial support (1.5 million

US$) in form of equipments and chemicals for the participating countries.

Holding of 11 training courses and workshops

for more than 243 participants / trainees.

Project Outcomes(2):

Conducting of socio- economic studies to analyze the cropping systems in the targeted areas, and assessment of the socio-economic consequences for the technical constraints that might face the date palm sector in the targeted Arab countries.

Study marketing, processing and the way of

making use of the date by products in Egypt and Morocco.

Conducting two regional symposiums during

1977 and 1998 and printing complete proceedings for them.

(5 )The Camel Applied Research & Development

Network (CARDN)

First Phase: 1996 - 2000 Second Phase: 2001- 2004

Funding Agency: IFAD , IsDB and French government

Amount of grant : IFAD: $ 1,500,000 (Ph.1) $ 1,200,000 (Ph.2) IDB: $ 1,000,000 (Ph.1) French government: $ 50,000 (Ph.1)

Participating Countries: (12) Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Libya, Mauritania,

Morocco, Pakistan, Sudan, Syria, and Tunisia. Jordan and Yemen, jointed the group in the second phase of the project.

Project Objectives

Ensuring sustainable use of dry rangeland by camel keeping of mainly non-sedentary pastoralists, avoiding further degradation of land and vegetation, thereby ensuring the continuation of the pastoral production system.

Stimulating research and development activities on camel husbandry in order to improve milk and meat production and develop marketing channels of camel products.

To coordinate research and development activities among member countries and to document, disseminate and publish information with regard to camel production.

Organization and Administration of the Network

The network operated through national coordinators in 12 member countries.

National coordinators met every year and made recommendations for the network activities.

Network countries were selectively involved in different activities and financial support was provided for projects falling under CARDN program.

The network is operated through national coordinators.

Recommendation for the network operations are made through the annual general assembly and an executive committee.

Separate units for camel research and development have been established at ministerial level in network countries.

National networks for camel scientists have been established at university level in network countries.

CARDN Achievements (1)

Contributing in the establishment of the National Committee for

Camel Research and Development Network in each member country.

Encouraging the establishment of a special service for camel husbandry at the Agricultural Ministries, research stations and universities levels in member countries.

Establishing the Association of Establishing the Association of Camel Breeders in order to get Camel Breeders in order to get them involved in making decision them involved in making decision related to camel production.related to camel production.

CARDN Achievements (2)

Specialized courses on camel production were delivered in major universities and research structures were developed in several national research centers.

About 40 research projects were carried out in member countries and these projects documented in about 75 publications.

The network organized about 40 workshops and seminars on camel production and about 15 training courses on handling and processing of camel products.

CARDN has published 20 Camel Newsletters containing most of the CARDN publications

CARDN Achievements (3)

Contributing in furnishing Contributing in furnishing scientific equipment for scientific equipment for camel labs and research camel labs and research stations in member stations in member countries.countries.

Supplying 4 member Supplying 4 member countries with artificial countries with artificial insemination and embryo insemination and embryo transfer laboratories.transfer laboratories.

Supplying 4 member Supplying 4 member countries with mobile countries with mobile veterinary clinics.veterinary clinics.

CARDN Achievements (4)

Creating a camel web site: acsad.org/camels

Establishing the Journal of Camel Science to publish the scientific papers of the network.

Developing cooperation with other networks such as the International Society of Camel research and development (ISOCARD)

Inviting Gulf countries and some African and Asian countries to joint CARDN.

Topics to be investigated by network member countries in the third phase.

Camel meat and milk processing and preservation to facilitate their marketing.

Valorization of camel wool, hair and hides and improvement of their processing.

Improving the efficiency of the Artificial Insemination technology in camel.

Developing prophylactic schemes to combat parasite diseases such as scabies and ticks.

Proposed project : Exploring the camel potential as dairy animal under the pastoral production system

The one-humped camel population in the word

estimated to average 18 millions heads providing

about 3500 TT of milk and 425 TT of meat

annually.

Countries with high camel population such as

Somalia, Sudan, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Mauritania

are countries which suffering the most from

hunger and poverty.

The objectives of the Project

To explore the potential of camel as a dairy animal providing milk with special nutritional and medicinal values under the pastoral production system.

To create better environmental conditions for producing, processing and marketing the milk which will ultimately help to improve the living standards of the pastoral communities.

Activities Proposed

Workshops

Socio-economic assessment of camel milk supply chains

Knowledge sharing

This project was submitted to IFAD for financial support on Feb.2007.This project was submitted to IFAD for financial support on Feb.2007.

(6 )The Program for the Use of Saline and Brackish Water in Agriculture in the Countries of North Africa

2002 – 2005

Funding Agency: IFAD

Grant Amount : $ 400.000

Participating Countries (3) Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya.

Project Objectives

Improve the productivity of irrigated systems through adapted and efficient use of saline water by the farmers.

Improve the farmer’s income by new saline water management and adapted irrigated systems.

Improve the capacity of the technical staff and researchers in the field of saline water use.

Produce local norms and references on saline water use (>6 dS/m).

Implementation: Location & Country Participation

Implemented in three provinces: Ouargla, Biskra, and Wadi.

15 Farmers and 3 Research stations.

45 participants (experts, engineers, and technicians).

Algeria

Implemented in two provinces: Ghirawan, and Mahdia. 6 Farmers and 2 Research stations. 12 participants (experts, engineers, and technicians).

Implemented in two provinces: Ghirawan, and Mahdia. 6 Farmers and 2 Research stations. 12 participants (experts, engineers, and technicians).

Tunisia

Implemented in three provinces: Tripoli, Jefarah, and Musrata.27 Farmers and 3 Research stations.30 participants (experts, engineers, and technicians).

Libya

Barley – A Winter crop irrigated by

saline water as a supplementary irrigation in –

Bou Hajla

Pepper – A summer crop irrigated

excessively by saline water – Bou Hajla

Barely cultivation irrigated with saline

water in Alagfian – ITDAS station

( March 2003)

In Algeria

Artichoke cultivation in year 2004 / 2005 in ITDAS experimental station in Leatia.

Sesbania acculata cultivation in ITDAS experimental station

(Alagfian,). This legume crop can

tolerate irrigation water salinity up to 15 dS/m

and soil salinity up to 20 dS/m

Juanilo Triticale variety cultivated in farm field of Kasem Jamal farm in Mleli area in Biskra province (2004)

In Tunisia

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1/5/02 1/6/02 2/7/02 2/8/02 2/9/02 3/10/02

Date (j/m/a)

Cum

ula

ted Q

uantity

(m

m)

KAE KAA

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

31/08/2003 01/10/2003 01/11/2003 02/12/2003 02/01/2004

Date (j/m/a)

Cu

mu

late

d Q

ua

ntit

y (m

m)

Dose cum. Rain (mm) Dose cum. Rain (mm)

/ 4.2إنتاج مالحة وبمياه الشعير من هـ تكميلي/ - 5طن ري ل غ

supplementary irrigated by saline water( 5g/l) Barely:

Potato

Activities:

Irrigation scheduled Monitoring of

salinity of soil and irrigated water.

supplementary irrigated by saline water for barely and potato.

Irrigation of pepper by saline water in the field and green house.

Economical evaluation of the production.

)Misrata( )Tajura(

Barely Cultivation : supplementary irrigated by saline water (Farmers)

In Libya

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

W1W2W3

Water quality treatments

Green w eight Dry w eight

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

W1W2W3

Water quality treatments

Green w eight Dry w eight

Y

ield

(T

on/h

a)

The green yield and dry yield (ton/ha) of alfalfa for 33 cuts

as a function of water quality

Alfalfa Cultivation : irrigated by saline water (Farmers)

Training & Workshops

WorkshopWorkshop

Field visites

Field visites

ParticipantsParticipants

TrainingTraining

Awareness and Field days

Libya

Algeria

Barley cultivation in Tajora (2004) Barley cultivation in Misrata (2003)

Alfalfa cultivation in Algfian (2004) Spices cultivation in Eloud (2004)

Farmer Exchange Visits

Algerian farmers visit to Libya – March 2004

farmers from Libya visited Algeria – April 2005

Project impact

Land management of Farmers (improved).Farmer’s income (improved)New Crops (introduced).No. of Researchers (increased).Salinity Studies (increased).No. of Publications (12).Transfer Technology to other Arab countries

( Syria , Saudi Arabia , Kuwait , Morocco, and Yemen).

Salinity Threshold for selected crops (ds/m)

crop Salinity Threshold

cotton 4.8

corn 3.9

vetch 3.0

lًWheat- grain

4.4

Wheat- straw 7.2

lًBarely - grain

7.0

Barely - straw 7.1

loooAlfalfa-dry 6.4

Tomato 3.3

lًWatermelon - Y

1.9

Watermelon - R

1.4

Paper 2.1

Potato 0.6

Broccoli 2.9

Salinity Threshold :The maximum salinity of the root zone (St. Ext.) that does not show a significant decrease in crop production.

Yield (T/ha) as a function of irrigation water salinity (dS/m) from Tunisia

Yield (T/ha) as a function of irrigation water salinity (dS/m) from Syria and Libya

Maximum profit as a function of ECiw

ECiw (dS/m)

WheatCottonTomatoCornBarleyPotatoMedic

Max

imum

Pro

fit (

1000

SL/

ha)

Max

imum

Pro

fit (

1000

SL/

ha)

Continuation of the Program

Under the request of a number of Arab countries to continue this program, ACSAD has summit a proposed project document to IFAD (Jan.2007) to finance the continuation of the activities of the program in Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya,

and expanded it to other desired countries including Syria , Morocco , Yemen. The Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait may also join the program.

ACASD decided to continue this program in Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Syria , and Morocco ( the project is now financed by ACSAD(50%) + country involved(50%) ) . Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait are in the processes of negotiations.

(7 )Project for the Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources to Improve the Environmental Conditions of the Oases in North Africa

2007 – 2008

Funding Agency: IFAD

Grant Amount : $ 200.000

Participating Countries(2)

Algeria, and Tunisia.

Project Objectives

Establish partnerships with land and water users in the Oases in selected countries of the NENA region (Algeria, Tunisia) to promote technology packages to handle water problems and to move towards a sustainable use of natural resources.

Major water problems facing oasis

communities

رتف

• heavy extraction of groundwater from deep aquifers.

• low efficiency of water use, mainly in irrigation.

• increasing salinity of

groundwater.

• poor water allocation practices.

.• Deterioration of the quality

shallow groundwater aquifer, due to contaminations by irrigation returns flow and local communities’ wastewater.

Location of Study area in Algeria and major aquifers

Distribution of boreholes

Development of Ground water extraction1950-2000

causes of the rising of

groundwater table in the Algerian oasis.

Aspects of Oasis deterioration in Southern Algeria due to poor management of groundwater

Increasing of groundwater level

Drainage system is blocked

Rising of the groundwater table at Tamasine

The Oasis of Tozeur in Southern Tunisia

The oasis in Tozeur is equipped with irrigation water

distribution system

Success storiesSuccess stories

The use of the drainage water

(salinity 10 g/l) in irrigation of Forest

trees.)

Proposed project : The sustainable use of the groundwater resources to improve farmers’ livelihoods and environmental

conditions in the Arab oases.

Objective: The goal of the project is to improve water

management and water use efficiency and the livelihood of vulnerable groups in selected Oases in the Arab region. This will contribute to poverty reduction and protect the fragile environment of the oasis.

This project was also submitted to IFAD for financial support on Feb.2007. This project was also submitted to IFAD for financial support on Feb.2007.

ACSAD also cooperated with IFAD in :

carrying out and organizing many training programs, and seminars within the framework of the IFAD-funded projects in the Arab countries.

ACSAD is very interested to strengthen its cooperation with IFAD, toward a mutual

objective for poverty reduction and an improvement in quality of life among small

farms in the Arab countries.

Proposed Projects & Concept Ideas for Future Cooperation

BetweenACSAD and IFAD

These were submitted to be considered through the

competitive screening process for IFAD grants

Building Cross – Border Understanding and early preventive responses to Arab infection in Farm Animals in Near East and North Africa (NENA) courtiers.

Improving the utilization of Agricultural and Agro – Industrial by products in animal feeding in Arab countries.

Improvement of Barley Crop production in the Arab countries.

Project for the cultivation of forage trees and shrubs as alternatives for traditional forages grown in the Arab countries.

Integrated use of water resources for agriculture sustainability in the Arab word.

The safe use of the swage and treated wastewater in Arab agriculture

Objective:The overall objective of this project is the safe use of treated wastewater in irrigation. This will be done by resource-poor farmers (on-farm trials) in three locations of the proposed countries aiming to improve the livelihood of these poor farmers in a sustainable way.

This project will be implemented this year in three Arab country ( Jordon, Tunisia ,and Bahrain ) and is financed by ACSAD and ICBA.

This project will be implemented this year in three Arab country ( Jordon, Tunisia ,and Bahrain ) and is financed by ACSAD and ICBA.

Treated waste water

Treated waste water Sewage SludgeSewage Sludge

Dissemination of Biogas Technology

in Arab Rural Areas

Rural villagers are suffering from the pollution of animal & human waste, where they have to collect and threw them away from the house daily,

Animal and human waste have the potential to contribute excess nutrients, pathogens, organic materials, solids and odorous which pollute the Environment.

Biogas Technology is an anaerobic digestion of animal wastes, human wastes and agriculture residues in absence of air and oxygen. Three outcomes of that digestion are produced:

Enough quantity of Biogas ( 65% CH4 & 35% CO2) to be used in household for cooking.

Clean Organic fertilizer, could be used directly in the farm,

Clean rural environment In Syria , Sudan ,and Yemen . In Syria , Sudan ,and Yemen . In 2009 , 22 family units & 6 medium units was In 2009 , 22 family units & 6 medium units was implemented in different location in Syria. implemented in different location in Syria. In Syria , Sudan ,and Yemen . In Syria , Sudan ,and Yemen . In 2009 , 22 family units & 6 medium units was In 2009 , 22 family units & 6 medium units was implemented in different location in Syria. implemented in different location in Syria.

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