College and Career Terms

Leadership and Career Development

Miss Mann 2014

Technical SchoolAKA: Vocational Education

• ____________________

Example Programs:• Cosmetology• Automotive Technology• HV/AC• Culinary Arts• Photography

• Technical School Programs• Technical Careers

Benefits of Technical Schools• Skill-Specific Education• Day/Night Classes• Lower Tuition Costs• Open Admissions Policy• More one-on-one instruction and hands-on experience.

Community College• __________school offering an ____________________

Benefits:• Low Tuition• Live at Home• Enter workforce sooner

Option 2:• Transfer to a University for a Bachelor’s Degree

Example: 2 years at BC3, 2 years at PITT

Bachelor/Baccalaureate (B.A. or B.S.)

A degree awarded by a college or university to a person who has completed __________ of undergraduate studies.

*2 years of liberal studies courses

*2 years of major courses

Examples:• Education• Engineering• Marketing• Pre-med

What are Liberal Studies

Denotes a curriculum that imparts general knowledge and develops the student’s rational thought and intellectual capabilities.

• • • • •

• • • • • • •

Majors Explored

Social Sciences – Study of Human Society and Social Relationships• •

Humanities/Fine Arts – Imaginative, Aesthetic, or Intellectual Content• •

Natural Sciences – Deals with the physical world• •

Art vs. Science

Bachelor of Arts

1. General Education

2. Core Courses

3. Foreign language

4. Theoretical Research

5. Less Rigid

Psychology, Sociology, History, Law

______________________

Bachelor of Science

1. General Education

2. Core Courses

3. Lab work w/ Accurate Results

4. Computer and Technology Oriented

Math, Science, Computers, Medicine

____________________________________

4 year UniversitiesPrivate• Often Costs More• Sometimes Affiliated w/

Religions• Funding from

________________________________________

Public• Often Costs Less for In-

state students• Funded by

________________________________________

Bachelor’s Degree Graduation Requirements

• ________________• Average 4 years

Example Exams to become licensed or certified:• Teacher – 5 Praxis exams

- Math, Reading, Writing, 2 content area exams

• Engineer – FE exam (8 hours) and PE Exam (8 hours)• Nurse – National Council Licensure Exam (NCLEX-RN)• Architect – Architect Registration Exam – 7 exams

Master’s Degree (M.A. or M.S.)An academic degree given after completion of about____________ of study beyond the bachelor's degree.

• Masters of Business Administration, MBA• Masters of Physical Therapy, MPA (changing to Doctorate)• Physician’s Assistant, P.A.• Masters in Education, M.Ed.

Master’s Degree Requirements

BEFORE:

Take the entrance exam:

_______________________________________________

-analogy, antonym, reading comprehension, sentence completion, problem solving, and quantitative comparison.

DURING:

Complete 30-36 credits, or 2 years of work

AFTER:

Write a _____________ – a 30-50 page research paper

*not always required

Law DegreeAn academic degree given after completion of

____________ of study beyond the bachelor's degree.

Steps to becoming a lawyer:

1. Obtain any 4 year Bachelor’s degree

2. Pass the __________________________________

3. Complete the 3 year law school

4. Pass the _________________ to obtain licensure

Minimum # of years to become a lawyer: 7 years

Jurisdiction Doctorate

• ______________beyond Law School• Dissertation Required• Terminal Degree – highest level of law education

possible

4 year Bachelor’s Degree

3 year Law Degree

4 year Jurisdiction Doctorate Degree

11 years total (sometimes completed in less time)

Research Doctorate Degree• Granted upon completion of extensive academic work

in a field of study.• It takes about _______ years to complete the Ph.D

_____________________________• An original work ranging in length, per discipline,

from ___________pages• Published in Scholarly Journals or as a Book

• Doctor of Philosophy, Ph.D.• Doctor of Education, Ed. D.• Doctor of Engineering, Eng. D.

Research Doctorates

What steps are necessary to earn a Ph.D.?

1. Attend a 4 year university (Bachelors)

2. Attend a 2 year graduate school (Masters)

3. Complete a 4 year doctoral program

4. Complete a Dissertation (_50-800_ pages)

How many total years? About 10 years

Professional Doctorate Degrees

• Research doctorates with a focus on applied research for professional purposes.

• Typically earned in ______________.• Most often do not require the Master’s Degree!

• Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, D.O.• Doctor of Medicine, M.D.• Doctor of Dental Medicine, D.M.D.• Doctor of Dental Surgery, D.D.S.• Doctor of Pharmacy, Pharm.D.

Residency

• In-depth training for physicians after medical school.• Focuses on specific branches such as:

• Neurosurgery• Pediatrics• Cardiology

• Additional _________________ of training after obtaining the M.D.

***You are a paid physician at this time but it is still training, like an internship is for business students.

Attending Physician Requirements

Steps to becoming a Physician/Surgeon:

1. Obtain a Bachelor’s degree in a Science Field

2. Pass the __________________________________

3. Complete the 4 year medical school

4. Complete the 2-7 year residency

5. Pass the ________________________________to obtain licensure, also known as the “Boards” exam

Minimum # of years to become an Attending: 10-17 years

Nature of the Work

• What will you be doing?• What are your job responsibilities?

Example: Nurse1. Treat Patients2. Educating patients and the public about various

medical conditions 3. Record patients’ medical histories and symptoms 4. Help to perform diagnostic tests and analyze results 5. Operate medical machinery 6. Administer treatment and medications

What to consider when choosing a career:

1. Passion for the Field

2. Related Skills

3. Nature of the Work

4. Working Conditions

5. Job Outlook

6. Salary/Benefits

7. Degrees Required

Example Working ConditionsRegistered Nurse• Well-lighted, comfortable health care facilities • Considerable time walking and standing • 24-hour care • May work nights, weekends, and holidays • May be on call—available to work on short notice • Must observe rigid, standardized guidelines to guard

against disease and other dangers • May suffer emotional strain from observing patient

suffering

Job Outlook• Is there a good chance you will get a job right after

graduating from school?• Is the field competitive?• Is there a high turnover rate? (people quit often)

Example: Nurse• Job opportunities for RNs in all specialties are expected

to be excellent. • Registered nurses are projected to create the second

largest number of new jobs among all occupations.

Salary (Earnings) / BenefitsSalary

• _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________• May be paid once a week, every other week, or once a

month.Fringe Benefits

• _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________• Health insurance, vision and dental insurance, life and

disability insurance, sick days, paid vacations, holidays, 401K, stocks, gas mileage, cell phone usage, company car, flexible work schedules, child care, tuition reimbursement, and bonuses

WEB RESOURCES

• Occupational Outlook Handbookwww.bls.gov/oco

• America’s Career Info Netwww.acinet.org

• Career Journalwww.careerjournal.com

• Career Builderwww.careerbuilder.com

• Careers and Collegeswww.careersandcolleges.com

BOOKS

• Occupational Outlook Handbook

• America’s Top Jobs

• America’s Fasting Growing Jobs

• 101 Careers

• Outdoor Careers

• America’s Federal Jobs

• Encyclopedia of Careers

• 200 Best Jobs for College Graduates

Assignment:

• Complete the OCO Assignment using the online Occupational Outlook Handbook

• Due: