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Colors as Conceptual Metaphors of Emotions in English and Thai:A Cognitive Linguistics in Focus
Assoc.Prof.Chatchawadee Saralamba, Ph.DThammasat UniversityBangkok, Thailand
Aims of the study
To investigate the relationship between colors and emotions through English and Thai
To study the conceptualization of emotions through language and culture
Basic Assumptions
Language and cognition Language is a window onto cognition;
linguistic expression in part refects cognitive process and structures.
The linkage of conceptual metaphor Conceptual metaphor systematically links
metaphorical expressions to underlying conceptual metaphors by positing conceptual mappings between two conceptual domains.
Topics of Presentation
Conceptual Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics
Emotions and Conceptual Metaphor
Colors as Emotion Conceptual Metaphors in English vs. Thai
The Conceptualization of Emotion Conceptual Metaphors
Conceptual Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics What is metaphor?
A fgure of speech: one thing is compared to another.
What is (conceptual) metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics? The generalizations governing, metaphorical
language are not in language, but in thought; they are general mappings across conceptual domains. (Lakoff, G. & M. Johnson, 1980)
Emotions Concepts
Emotions are our feelings, extras in Psychology, like perception, thinking and learning
Emotions are in our bodies as tingles, hot spots and muscular tension. There are cognitive aspects, but the physical sensation is what makes them really different.
Primary emotion
Secondary emotion Tertiary emotions
Love
Affection
Adoration, affection, love, fondness, liking, attraction, caring, tenderness, compassion, sentimentality
LustArousal, desire, lust, passion, infatuation
Longing Longing
Joy
Cheerfulness
Amusement, bliss, cheerfulness, gaiety, glee, jolliness, joviality, joy, delight, enjoyment, gladness, happiness, jubilation, elation, satisfaction, ecstasy, euphoria
ZestEnthusiasm, zeal, zest, excitement, thrill, exhilaration
Contentment Contentment, pleasurePride Pride, triumphOptimism Eagerness, hope, optimismEnthrallment Enthrallment, raptureRelief Relief
Surprise Surprise Amazement, surprise, astonishment
Anger
IrritationAggravation, irritation, agitation, annoyance, grouchiness, grumpiness
Exasperation Exasperation, frustration
RageAnger, rage, outrage, fury, wrath, hostility, ferocity, bitterness, hate, loathing, scorn, spite, vengefulness, dislike, resentment
Disgust Disgust, revulsion, contempt
Envy Envy, jealousy
Torment Torment
Sadness
Suffering Agony, suffering, hurt, anguish
SadnessDepression, despair, hopelessness, gloom, glumness, sadness, unhappiness, grief, sorrow, woe, misery, melancholy
Disappointment Dismay, disappointment, displeasure
Shame Guilt, shame, regret, remorse
Neglect
Alienation, isolation, neglect, loneliness, rejection, homesickness, defeat, dejection, insecurity, embarrassment, humiliation, insult
Sympathy Pity, sympathy
Fear
HorrorAlarm, shock, fear, fright, horror, terror, panic, hysteria, mortification
NervousnessAnxiety, nervousness, tenseness, uneasiness, apprehension, worry, distress, dread
Conceptual Metaphor and Emotion
What is Conceptual Metaphor? A coherent organization of experience, in
terms of source domain and target domain.
A conceptual metaphor is defned as understanding a more abstract conceptual domain in terms of a less abstract and more concrete domain. Source domain concrete
Target domain - abstract
Conceptual Metaphor and Emotion
How do we understand emotions? By colors.
A kind of natural phenomenon.
Colors convey different messages to people in different cultures.
Colors source domain
Emotion- target domain
Colors as emotion conceptual metaphors in English Red Anger
To see red = lose ones temper; become suddenly angry My boss saw red when I told him that I would not
be coming to work today.
Red Embarrassment Red in the face
I became red in the face when the teacher asked me a question.
Blue Sadness, depression Have the blues = to be sad or depressed
The man next door seems to have the blues.
To get the blues = to become sad or depressed The dull cloudy weather has caused me to get the
blues.
To look/feel blue = look/feel sad, depressed. She is feeling blue today.
Green Envy Green with envy = to be very jealous, to be
full of envy I was green with envy when I heard that my cousin
would be going to London for a week.
Green-eyed monster = jealousy The woman was consumed by the green-eyed
monster and it was affecting her life.
Pink Joy Tickled pink = to be very pleased or delighted
by someone or something My mother was tickled pink that you visited her
when you were in town.White Fear As white as a ghost = very pale because of fear
or shock of illness My sister became as white as a ghost when she
saw the man at the window.
Brown Bored (under annoyance) To be browned off = to be bored, fed up
Im browned off with this place. There is nothing to do here.
English Colors for emotions
Structure of expression
The combinations of body part + color
Body parts can be / na / face and /taa/ eye
Colors as emotion conceptual metaphors in Thai
Red /daeng/ anger, embarrassment and joy: with face na daeng = to have red face
khaw krot con na daeng
he - angry-till- face-red
Hes got a red face.
khw hua-r con na daeng
he - laugh - till- face red
/taa daeng/ sadness = to have red eye taa khw rem daeng
eye-he- begin- red
Hes got red eyes = he is sad, almost crying.
Colors as emotion conceptual metaphors in Thai
Green /khiw/ is for anger: with body part / na/ face and /taa/ eye taa khiw
eye-green
khw mOOng taa khiw
he - look - eye- green
He looked (at me) with green eyes.
na khiw face-green
khw krot con na khiw
He is angry until his face turns green.
White /khaw/ Fear, anxiety /na sit khaw/ face-pale-white
pale and white faceBlack /dam/ sadness.
It follows the word /na/ face / na dam/ black face sadness
khw kht mak con na dam khrm-krat he-think-much-until-face-black-seriousHe thought seriously, his face turned black.
Anger with /naa-dam na daeng/ black and red face , for disputation. me- kha thing kan na dam na
daeng
seller - dispute -each other-face-black-face-red
The sellers had a disputation, they are angry very much.
Colorless fear na thot sii/ - colorless on face
face-off-color = colorless
khw klua con na thot sii
he- fear- till- face- off- color
He looks pale because of fear.
Thai colors for emotions
The conceptualization of Emotion Conceptual Metaphors by Colors, English vs. Thai
EMOTION IS A FLUID IN A CONTAINER Human body is a container for emotion
Emotion is a fuid in the container
Increase the level of pressure stands for emotion
Becoming any emotion is becoming color
Color for emotion
Emotion is color
ANGER IS RED
EMOTION IS A FLUID IN A CONTAINER Human body is a container for Emotion
Anger is a fuid in the container
Increase the level of pressure stands for Anger
Becoming angry is becoming red
Color for Emotion
Emotion is Color
Similarities and Differences between English and Thai Human body as a container
English : overall embodiment
Thai focuses on specifc part of human body, as they can be face or eyes. This concerns culturally specifc embodiment, a particular emotion established a conventional cultural correlation between a body organ and a certain conceptualization of an emotion concept.
Conclusion
Our conceptual system of emotions is organized metaphorically and carries their cognitive characteristics and cultural values, and refects self-similarity of the language and culture.
References:
Evans, Vyvyan and Melanie Green. 2006. Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Kovecses, Z. 2002. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kovecses, Z. 2003. Metaphor and Emotion: Language, Culture and Body in Human Mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lakoff, G. and M. Johnson. 1980. Metaphor We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lakoff, G. 1993. The contemporary theory of metaphor. In Ortony, A.Ed. Metaphor and Thought (2nd Eds.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Lakoff, G. 1987. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Plumacher, Martina and Peter Holz. 2007. Speaking of Colors and Odors. PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
dzikuj
Slide 1Aims of the studyBasic AssumptionsTopics of PresentationConceptual Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics
Emotions ConceptsSlide 7Slide 8Conceptual Metaphor and EmotionConceptual Metaphor and EmotionSlide 11Colors as emotion conceptual metaphors in EnglishSlide 13Slide 14Slide 15English Colors for emotionsColors as emotion conceptual metaphors in ThaiColors as emotion conceptual metaphors in ThaiSlide 19Slide 20Slide 21Thai colors for emotionsSlide 23ANGER IS REDSlide 25Similarities and Differences between English and ThaiConclusionReferences:Slide 29